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    Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Ozone, Diode Laser, and Traditional Cavity Disinfectants on Microleakage
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2014) Gunes, Sifa; Bahsi, Emrullah; Ince, Bayram; Colak, Hakan; Dalli, Mehmet; Yavuz, Izzet; Sahbaz, Cafer
    Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects on microleakage of the application of ozone gas, laser and traditional cavity disinfection under in vitro conditions. Material and Methods: Ninety third-molar teeth extracted for various reasons were used in this study. All the teeth were prepared with a standard V cavity on the buccal surface. Then the teeth were randomly allocated to one of 6 groups of 15 teeth; Group 1 benzalkonium chloride, Group 2 chlorhexidine gluconate, Group 3 sodium hypochloride, Group 4 diode laser, Group 5 ozone gas, Group 6 control group- no disinfection was applied. Primer was applied to the cavities, then bond and 10-s polymerization. Clearfil AP-X was used in the cavities as a hybrid composite and polymerized for 20 s. The samples then underwent 1000 thermal cycles of 30-s application, in baths at temperatures between 5 +/- 2 degrees C and 55 +/- 2 degrees C. All the samples were stirred in 0.5% basic phuxine solution and the sections taken under stereomicroscope were examined and photographed at 15 x magnification. SEM analysis was made and the obtained results were statistically evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: No significant difference was seen between the groups in respect of the microleakage values of both the occlusal and gingival edges (p < 0.05). Comparison of the microleakage values of the occlusal and gingival edges of the groups determined the least leakage to be in the ozone group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: No statistical significance was determined between the groups. However, the mean least microleakage was found in the ozone group and the highest amount in the control group.
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    Effect of 1% chlorhexidine gel on the bonding strength to dentin
    (Elsevier Taiwan, 2010) Dalli, Mehmet; Ercan, Ertugrul; Zorba, Yahya Orcun; Ince, Bayram; Sahbaz, Cafer; Bahsi, Emrullah; Colak, Hakan
    Background/purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel on dentin bond strengths of posterior composite resin applied with two different adhesive systems. Material and methods: In total, 75 extracted, caries-free human molars were used. The occlusal surface of each tooth was ground to create a flat dentin surface. Then, each tooth was mounted in acrylic. The dentin specimens were randomly assigned to five groups of 15 specimens each. In Group 1, Prime Et Bond NT (PBNT) was applied; in Group 2, a 1% CHX gel + etching for 15 s + PBNT were applied; in Group 3, etching + 1% CHX gel + PBNT were applied; in Group 4, Clearfil S-3 Bond was applied; and in Group 5, 1% CHX gel + Clearfil S-3 Bond were applied. A dentine bonding system was applied to dentin surfaces, and composite cylinders were built up using a special device and then light-polymerized. Specimens were mounted and sheared using an Instron universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results: The results were recorded in megapascals. The sheared specimens were examined under a light microscope, and the type of failure (adhesive, cohesive or mixed) was recorded. Data were compared by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests. Means were 16.4 +/- 4.1 MPa in Group 1, 16.2 +/- 3.9 MPa in Group 2, 13.0 +/- 4.5 MPa in Group 3, 11.9 +/- 2.7 MPa in Group 4, and 11.5 +/- 2.7 MPa in Group 5. The use of 1% CHX gel before acid etching was significantly higher than after etching on the shear bond strength of PBNT (P < 0.05), but did not differ significantly from PBNT alone (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, it was concluded that 1% CHX gel application did not adversely affect the shear bond strengths of dentin-bonding agents.
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    Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of two ceramic inlay restorations with different cavity designs
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Guven, Sedat; Akdogan, Mehmet; Oz, Cihan; Dogan, Mehmet Sinan; Unal, Mehmet; Unal, Server; Sahbaz, Cafer
    The aim of this in silico investigation was to examine the influence of two ceramic inlay materials with different cavity designs on stresses in the inlay. Finite-element analysis and three-dimensional modelling were used to examine the stress in ceramic inlays resulting from a 250-N point load on occlusal surfaces. The adhesion properties and von Mises stress values in the enamel, dentin, ceramic materials and cement linings were simulated. Two ceramic inlay materials: porcelain ceramic (Empress II, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) and zirconia ceramic (ICE Zirkon, Zirkonzahn SRL, Gais, Italy), as well as two cavity corner designs: rectangular and rounded, were evaluated. The obtained von Mises stress results indicated that the maximum and minimum forces were concentrated in the enamel and dentin, respectively. The stress values in the dentin and inlay material were similar in the porcelain ceramic and zirconia ceramic groups. However, in the enamel, the stress values in the zirconia ceramic group were significantly lower than those in the porcelain ceramic group. Additionally, cavities with rounded corners were subject to significantly less stress compared to those with rectangular corners. Thus, the zirconia ceramic inlay demonstrated better performance under applied stress, based on the reduced stress values in the tooth structure. Cavities with rounded corners showed less stress than those with rectangular corners, which could be attributed to the enhanced stress distribution capabilities of rounded corners.