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    Effects of intralipid and caffeic acid phenyl esther (CAPE) against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by glyphosate isopropylamine (GI)
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Alp, Harun; Pinar, Neslihan; Dokuyucu, Recep; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Sahan, Mustafa; Senol, Serkan; Karakus, Ali
    This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of caffeic acid phenyl esther (CAPE) and Intralipid (IL) against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by acute intoxication of glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl) glycine) (GI) in rats. Forty-nine Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups as: I, Control; II, Intralipid (IL) (18.6 mL/kg, orally); III, CAPE (10 mu mol/kg, intraperitoneally); IV, GI (4 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally); V, GI + IL; VI, GI+CAPE; and VII, GI + IL + CAPE. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were measured in serum samples. Tissues were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining protocol. Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemical method. The results revealed that, in hepatic tissues, the TAS levels were lower and the TOS levels were higher in the GI group compared to other groups. In renal tissues, the TAS levels were significantly lower in the GI group than in the control, IL, CAPE, and GI + IL + CAPE groups. The TOS levels were significantly higher in the GI group than in the control group. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed severe hepatotoxicity in the GI group. In the GI + CAPE + IL group, hepatotoxicity recovered significantly. Nephrotoxicity was also observed in the GI group and moderately reduced in the GI + CAPE group. Biochemical results were confirmed by histopathologic examination. The results also revealed that CAPE and IL, due to their antioxidant effects, have a decreasing effect against both hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by GI. Therefore, CAPE and IL may function as potential agents for supportive therapy since they decrease organ damage, or may facilitate the therapeutic effects of the routine treatment of patients with GI poisoning.
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    Epidemiology of Cases with Rabies-Suspected Animal Contact and the Evaluation of Post Exposure Prophylaxis
    (Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2012) Gulacti, Umut; Ustun, Cemal; Gurger, Mehtap; Sahan, Mustafa; Satici, Omer
    Objective: This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of cases with rabies-suspected animal contact (RSAC) and the appropriateness of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (RPEP). Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at the emergency departments of two general hospitals between January 2010 and August 2011. The management charts of cases with RSAC who were admitted to the emergency room were reviewed. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS for Windows (version 16.0). Results: Of 616 study cases, 464 (75.3%) were male and 152 (24.7%) were female. Cases in the subgroup aged 6-15 years had the highest risk for RSAC. Four hundred and thirty one (70%) cases lived in an urban area, and most cases had presented in the spring (36.9%) and summer (31.3%). Dogs were the most common animal (66.9%) causing RSAC with statistical significance (p=0.001). Bite was the most common way of contact with 454(73.7%) cases reaching statistical significance (p=0.001). Of 616 animals responsible for RSAC, 336 (54.6%) had no owner, while the others (280, 45.4%) had owners. RPEP was considered inappropriate in 529 (85.9%) cases according to the Rabies Prevention and Control Guidelines of the Ministry of Health, with statistical significance (p=0.001). The most frequent inappropriate procedure was the lack of rabies immunoglobulin administration in 303 (57.3%) cases. Conclusion: RSAC is an important public health problem in our region. There are some problems in the application of Rabies Prevention and Control Guidelines of the Ministry of Health and this guideline should be updated. Routine training of healthcare workers may be an effective solution against rabies.
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    Öğe
    Protective Effects of Intralipid and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on Hepatotoxicity and Pancreatic Injury Caused by Dichlorvos in Rats
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2016) Alp, Harun; Pinar, Neslihan; Dokuyucu, Recep; Sahan, Mustafa; Oruc, Cem; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Senol, Serkan
    The present study was aimed to the investigate the protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and intralipid (IL) on hepatotoxicity and pancreatic injury caused by acute dichlorvos (D) intoxication in rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups each containing seven rats except control groups. The groups included control, D, CAPE, IL, D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + CAPE + IL. Total antioxidant status and total oxidative stress levels were measured by automated colorimetric assay. Tissues were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Tissues were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin by using standard protocols. Also, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemical method in liver tissue. Total oxidant status in control, CAPE, and IL groups were significantly lower, and total antioxidant status in the D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + IL + CAPE groups were significantly higher compared to the D group. CAPE and IL treatment decreased the apoptotic and mitotic cell count in liver tissue. Parenchymal necrosis caused by dichlorvos is observed in pancreas tissues of rats. Mild congestion and edema formation occurred in pancreas tissues following D + CAPE and D + IL therapies. These results indicate that CAPE and IL have the potential to decrease oxidative stress and hepatic and pancreatic injuries caused by acute dichlorvos intoxication. These drugs can be considered as a new method for supportive and protective therapy against pesticide intoxication.