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    Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Fluoride Release of Seven Different Glass-Ionomer-Based Restorative Materials
    (Quintessence Publishing Co Inc, 2020) Sagmak, Savas; Bahsi, Emrullah; Ozcan, Nida; Satici, Omer
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate one high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (EQUIA/GC), two resin-modified glass ionomers (Fuji II LC/GC, Photac Fil Quick Aplicap/3M Oral Care), two traditional glass ionomers (Ketac Molar Easymix/3M, Fuji II/GC), and two compomers (Freedom/SDI, Dyract XP/Dentsply Sirona) through a comparison of fluoride release and antimicrobial effects. Materials and Methods: A total of 210 samples were prepared, as 10 for each of the 7 materials for fluoride release and 20 for each material for the antimicrobial effect tests. To measure fluoride release, 5 ml distilled water and 5 ml TISAB II were added to the samples, which were then incubated at 37 degrees C. The fluoride levels of the material were measured using the selective ion electrode on days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28. To compare the antimicrobial effects, 20 samples were divided in two groups and implanted in culture media containing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophylus. Measurements were taken on days 2, 4 and 6. The diameter of the inhibition zone was recorded in millimetre (mm). Results: All the materials released fluoride and the difference between them was determined to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). The antimicrobial effect values of the materials against S. mutans and L. acidophylus were evaluated and statistically significant difference was determined between the materials on all the measurement days. Conclusions: All the materials were observed to release fluoride. With the exception of the compomers, all the other materials showed an antimicrobial effect against S. mutans and L. acidophylus.
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    Do ozone and boric acid affect microleakage in class V composite restorations?
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2019) Cangul, Suzan; Yildirim, Zehra Susgun; Bahsi, Emrullah; Sagmak, Savas; Satici, Omer
    The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of chlorhexidine gluconate (2%), sodium hypochloride (2.5%), ozone gas, and boric acid at different concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) on microleakage from composite restorations.In a total of 80 extracted human canine teeth, a class V cavity was opened on the buccal surface and the samples were separated into eight groups. In the control group, no procedure was applied for cavity disinfection, then composite restoration (Z250, 3M) was made using single-stage, self-etch adhesive (Single Bond 3M). In the other groups, seven different disinfectants were used, then the cavity was restored. The teeth were split into two in the buccolingual direction, parallel to the long axes. Stain penetration was examined under stereomicroscope and scored. Examination with SEM was made on one sample from each group, selected at random. Statistical evaluations were made using Dunnett C Post Hoc Comparison and Kruskal-Wallis H tests.In the occlusal region evaluation, the groups with the lowest level of leakage were the 3% and 5% boric acid groups, and the highest levels of microleakage were determined in the chlorhexidine group and the 1% boric acid group. In the gingival region, the lowest level of microleakage was in the 5% boric acid group and the highest levels were determined in the 1% and 7% boric acid groups.Boric acid disinfectants used at suitable concentrations were not seen to create a risk in respect of microleakage.
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    Does the Use of Ozone as a Cavity Disinfectant Affect the Bonding Strength of Antibacterial Bonding Agents?
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2020) Cangul, Suzan; Erpacal, Begum; Adiguzel, Ozkan; Sagmak, Savas; Unal, Server; Tekin, Samet
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ozone as cavity disinfectant on the bonding strength to dentin of different antibacterial bonding agents. The study was conducted on 60 cavity-free 3rd molar teeth. The prepared samples were separated into 3 groups. These groups were each sub-divided into 2 groups of 10 as a group with ozone applied and a control group. In Group 1a, ozone was applied as cavity disinfectant for 6 secs to all the exposed dentin surfaces then restoration was applied. In Group 1b as the control group, the restoration stages were applied without any cavity disinfection. Gluma 2 Bond, our first antibacterial adhesive material, was applied to all dentin surfaces and polymerized. The second and third groups were divided into two groups. Clearfil SE Protect Primer and Clearfil SE Protect Bond were applied in the group 2. Peak Universal was used in Group 3. After the application of the adhesive materials and then Estelite posterior quick composite was applied and polymerized. The bonding strengths of all the samples were measured in an Instron test device. The data were statistically analyzed using the Mann Whitney U-test and the Kruskal Wallis test. The highest bonding strength was determined in Gluma 2 Bond (7,79), and the lowest bonding strength was in Peek Universal (3,43). It was concluded that ozone adhesive systems can be safely currently used as they have been shown to increase bonding strength and can eliminate bacteria.