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    Comparative Effects of Stimulant and Antipsychotic Medications on Eating Behaviors and Weight in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
    (Mdpi, 2024) Aykutlu, Hasan Cem; Okyar, Esra; Karadag, Mehmet; Ozturk, Masum
    Background/Objectives: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and disordered eating behaviors. This study compared weight status and eating behaviors among drug-na & iuml;ve ADHD children, those on stimulant monotherapy, those on combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment, and healthy controls. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 547 children aged 6-12 years from four Turkish provinces: 361 with ADHD (152 drug-na & iuml;ve, 156 on stimulants, and 53 on combined therapy), and 186 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements, psychiatric assessments, and eating behavior evaluations were conducted using standardized tools. Results: Drug-na & iuml;ve ADHD children had the highest obesity rate (13.8%), while those on stimulant monotherapy had the lowest (4.5%) compared to controls. Combined treatment group obesity rates were similar to controls (7.5% vs. 8.6%). The drug-na & iuml;ve and combined treatment groups showed increased food approach behavior and desire to drink, with the combined treatment group also showing increased emotional overeating. Conclusions: This study reveals a complex relationship between ADHD, its pharmacological management, and the risk of obesity. Stimulant monotherapy may mitigate the risk of obesity, while combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment may lead to problematic eating behaviors. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring weight status and eating behaviors in ADHD children, especially those receiving pharmacological interventions.
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    The relationship between chronotype characteristics and fear of missing out, phubbing, sleep quality and social jetlag in medical students
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Isik, Cansu Mercan; Ozturk, Masum
    Chronotype is the temporal behavior of an organism. Social jetlag, fear of missing out (FoMO), and phubbing have received increasing attention recently and are closely related to sleep quality. This study aimed to explore the relationship between chronotype and these factors and their effects on sleep quality among medical students. The FoMO scale, phubbing behavior assessment scale, morning-evening questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, social jetlag questionnaire, and online sociodemographic data form were filled out by 537 students participating in the study. The average age of participants was 21.34 +/- 1.38 years; 43.2% were male, and 56.8% were female. The majority (66.7%) had an intermediate chronotype, 20.9% an evening type, and 12.5% a morning type. Evening chronotypes exhibited the highest levels of social jetlag, daily internet/phone use, and the poorest sleep quality and daily functioning. Women reported significantly higher levels of FoMO (p < 0.001), phubbing (p = 0.020), and daytime dysfunction (p = 0.005). Multiple regression analysis showed poor sleep quality was associated with high FoMO, high phubbing, high levels of social jetlag, and evening chronotype. Additionally, daytime dysfunction was associated with female gender, poor sleep quality, high FoMO, and high levels of phubbing (p < 0.001, F = 16.128, R-2 = 0.221). These results suggest that individuals with an evening type may be susceptible to social interaction, social media use, and sleep patterns, which may negatively affect sleep quality. It has also been determined that females may be at greater risk for FoMO and phubbing. Evaluation of individuals' chronotypes will be an essential step in treating behavioral addictions such as social media, screen, and smartphone addiction.
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    Sertraline-Induced Stuttering in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    (Pera Yayincilik Hizmetleri, 2024) Ozturk, Masum
    There is also evidence that stuttering is caused by an adverse reaction to various medications. Antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and methylphenidate have all been linked to drug-induced stuttering. The patient was 13 years old (male) and was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and mild mental retardation. The patient had language development and was able to form sentences of 4-5 words. Atomoxetine 50 mg/day and aripiprazole 15 mg/day treatment was used. Sertraline 50 mg/day treatment was initiated because of repeated questioning, order-symmetry compulsions and repetitive behaviors. Approximately one month after the initiation of sertraline treatment, the patient came for a follow-up visit and it was found that the compulsions of the patient had decreased, but one week after sertraline treatment, it was learned that the patient started to have word blocks, prolongation of words and repetitions during speech. No pathology was found in the examination, hemogram and biochemistry tests, brain MRI and EEG tests. After sertraline treatment was discontinued, the stuttering of the patient gradually decreased and improved within 2 weeks. Both serotonergic and dopaminergic effects of sertraline as well as autism spectrum disorder (white matter anomalies) are thought to contribute to sertraline-induced stuttering.