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Öğe Accuracy of Digital Models in Orthodontic Diagnosis(Aves Press Ltd, 2008) Ozer, Torun; Genc, CelalThe overall objective of this study is to compare the measurements of plaster models and digital models on teeth with dental abnormalities. Pretreatment orthodontic models of 30 patients were selected from the archive of our university clinic. The inclusion criteria were as follows; 1. Full complement of permanent teeth including incisors, canines, premolars and first molars. 2. Dentitions with at least four or more teeth showing dental shape abnormalities (hypoplasia or restoration). Mesiodistal widths of each teeth from one molar to the other was measured. Available arch length, required arch length, arch deficiency and Bolton analysis was performed on each of the jaws. Although there were some statistically significant differences between the measurements, Bolton analysis and arch deficiency measurements did not demonstrate statistically significant difference between digital and plaster model measurements. Digital models could be used instead of plaster models for orthodontic diagnosis of a patient.Öğe Arch Dimension Changes Associated with the Treatment of Class III Cases(Aves Press Ltd, 2007) Gunduz-Arslan, Seher; Deveciolu-Kama, Jalen; Ozer, Torun; Dari, OsmanThe aim of this study was to investigate the dentoalveolar changes associated with the treatment class III anomalies characterized with maxillary narrowness and retrusion. Orthodontic study models of 20 patients before and after treatment were used. Distance and area measurements of these models are considered. The study models of 20 patients that were not treated served as a control group. Fourteen parameters were investigated on study models. Paired t test was used in group comparisons and independent student t test was used in between group comparisons. Palatal shelf area measurement in the premolar region was increased in both groups but the increases of the treatment group were larger (P<0.001-P<0.05). The changes in the other parameters were different from each other. Upper and lower arch perimeters (P<0.05), lower canine to canine distances (P<0.01), upper (P<0.001) and lower (P<0.05) premolar to premolar distances, palatal shelf area measurements in the molar region (P<0.001) increased significantly but premolar angulations (P<0.05) decreased significantly. Dentoalveolar changes were occurred as a result of modifications in the direction of growth.Öğe Bond Strength Comparison of Two Self-Ligating Brackets with A Conventional Bracket(Aves, 2009) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, TorunThe aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of two self ligating brackets with a conventional bracket which have different base designs. Ninety extracted premolar teeth for orthodontic reasons without cracks or caries were used in the study. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups. In group 1 conventional brackets (Synergy, Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colorado, USA), were used whereas in group 2 and 3 self ligating brackets [(Smart Clip, 3M Unitek Monrovia, California, USA) and (Time 2, American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wisconsin, USA)] were used respectively. The determined mean shear bond strengths for Synergy, Smart Clip and Time 2 brackets were 18.2 +/- 4.4, 18.7 +/- 4.6 and 17.7 +/- 5.1 MPa, respectively. Generally more adhesive was left on the tooth surface as demonstrated by ARI scores of three. All of the three groups with different base designs, one conventional bracket and two self-ligating brackets, demonstrated clinically acceptable mean shear bond strengths in vitro. Most of the fractures were within resin-bracket interface.Öğe Changes in mandibular transversal arch dimensions after rapid maxillary expansion procedure assessed through cone-beam computed tomography(Korean Assoc Orthodontists, 2011) Baysal, Asli; Veli, Ilknur; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Eruz, Murat; Ozer, Torun; Uysal, TancanObjective: This study aimed at evaluating the changes in mandibular arch widths and buccolingual inclinations of mandibular posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Methods: Baseline and post-expansion cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images of patients who initially had bilateral posterior cross-bite and underwent RME with a banded-type expander were assessed in this study. The patients included 9 boys (mean age: 13.97 +/- 1.17 years) and 11 girls (mean age: 13.53 +/- 2.12 years). Images obtained 6 months after retention were available for 10 of these patients. Eighteen angular and 43 linear measurements were performed for the maxilla and mandible. The measurements were performed on frontally clipped images at the following time points; before expansion (T1), after expansion (T2), and after retention (T3). Statistical significance was assessed with paired sample t-test at p < 0.05. Results: T1-T2 comparisons showed statistically significant post-RME increases for all measurements; similarly, T2-T1 and T3-T1 comparisons showed statistically significant changes. The maxillary linear and angular measurements showed decreases after expansion, and mandibular linear and angular measurements increased after retention. Conclusion: All mandibular arch widths increased and mandibular posterior teeth were uprighted after RME procedure. (Korean J Orthod 2011;41(3)200-210)Öğe Comparison of a recently developed nanofiller self-etching primer adhesive with other self-etching primers and conventional acid etching(Oxford Univ Press, 2009) Basaran, Guevenc; Ozer, Torun; Kama, Jalan DeveciogluThe purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the bond strengths and modes of failure of brackets bonded with three self-etching products [Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M Espe), Futurabond NR (Voco) and Transbond Plus (3M Unitek)] and a conventional 38 per cent phosphoric acid-etching system Etch-Rite (Pulpdent Corp.) at two different time points. Ninety-six defect-free premolars were randomly allocated to eight groups (n = 12). The etching procedure was carried out according to the manufacturers' instructions. The shear bond strengths (SBSs) were measured after storage in distilled water for 12 and 24 hours. The brackets were debonded using a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Multiple comparisons of the SBSs for the different etching types were performed using analysis of variance. The chi-square test was used to evaluate differences in adhesive remnant index (CARI) scores among the groups. The differences between SBSs analysed at 12 and 24 hours were not significantly different. Although a significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed with conventional and self-etching primer (SEP) adhesive systems, SEP revealed bond strengths higher than clinically accepted limits (6-8 MPa). SEP systems can achieve successful orthodontic bond strengths. The rate of development of the bond strength must be determined to ensure sufficient maturation of orthodontic adhesives before functional loading.Öğe Cone-beam computed tomography assessment of mandibular asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients(Korean Assoc Orthodontists, 2011) Veli, Ilknur; Uysal, Tancan; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Eruz, Murat; Ozer, TorunObjective: To determine whether there is any difference between the cleft and non-cleft sides of the mandible in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients, or the right and left sides in control patients; and to determine if there is any difference between the mandibular asymmetry of UCLP patients and that of control patients. Methods: We examined cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 15 patients with UCLP and 15 age- and gender-matched control patients. We evaluated 8 linear, 3 surface, and 3 volumetric measurements and compared the cleft/non-cleft sides of UCLP patients and the right/left sides of controls. Results: There were no statistically significant gender differences in any linear, surface, or volumetric measurement. The single significant side-to-side difference in UCLP patients was a longer coronoid unit on the cleft side than on the non-cleft side (p = 0.046). Body volume was significantly lower in the UCLP group than in the control group (p = 0.008). Conclusions: In general, UCLP patients have symmetrical mandibles, although the coronoid unit length is significantly longer on the cleft side than on the non-cleft side. UCLP patients and controls differed only in body volume. (Korean J Orthod 2011;41(6): 431-439)Öğe Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of relationship between tongue volume and lower incisor irregularity(Oxford Univ Press, 2013) Uysal, Tancan; Yagci, Ahmet; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Veli, Ilknur; Ozer, TorunThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the tongue volume and lower incisor irregularity, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and to identify the possible gender differences. CBCT images of 60 patients between 16 and 36 years of age were selected from 1400 sets of images in the database. Tomography was carried out using iCAT (R) (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pennsylvania, USA) and segmentation was carried out by using Mimics 10.1 software (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium). The tongue volume was calculated by using the volume of the voxels from the scan and the number of voxels selected for a given mask. Lower incisor crowding was measured with the Little's irregularity index and divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe. Independent samples t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey test were used at P < 0.05 level. Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression model were calculated to determine the correlation between tongue volume and incisor irregularity. No significant gender dimorphism was found for the tongue volume (females: 28.13 +/- 8.54 cm(3) and males: 31.02 +/- 9.75 cm(3)). According to ANOVA, there was statistically significant difference in the tongue volume measurements among subjects with different levels of irregularity. Tukey analysis indicated that mild irregularity group (33.97 cm(3)) showed higher values for tongue volume than severe irregularity group (26.60 cm(3); P = 0.025). The relationship between incisor irregularity and tongue volume was evaluated for both genders and significant inverse correlation (r = -0.429; P = 0.029) was determined between lower incisor irregularity and tongue volume in males. In female group, no signifi cant correlation was determined between tongue volume and incisor irregularity.Öğe Dehiscence and fenestration in patients with different vertical growth patterns assessed with cone-beam computed tomography(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2012) Enhos, Sukru; Uysal, Tancan; Yagci, Ahmet; Veli, Ilknur; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Ozer, TorunObjective: To test the null hypothesis that the presence of alveolar defects (dehiscence and fenestration) was not different among patients with different vertical growth patterns. Materials and Methods: A total of 1872 teeth in 26 hyper-divergent (mean age: 24.4 +/- 4.8 years), 27 hypo-divergent (mean age: 25.1 +/- 4.5 years), and 25 normo-divergent (mean age: 23.6 +/- 4.1 years) patients with no previous orthodontic treatment were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography. Axial and cross-sectional views were evaluated with regard to whether dehiscence and/or fenestration on buccal and lingual surfaces existed or not. For statistical analysis, the Pearson chi-square test was used at a P < .05 significance level. Results: According to the statistical analysis, the hypo-divergent group (6.56%) had lower dehiscence prevalence than the hyper-divergent (8.35%) and normo-divergent (8.18%) groups (P = .004). Higher prevalences of dehiscence and fenestration were found on buccal sides in all vertical growth patterns. While fenestration was a common finding for the maxillary alveolar region, dehiscence was a common finding in the mandible in all groups. Conclusion: The null hypothesis was rejected. Although the prevalence of fenestrations was not different, significant differences for dehiscences were found in patients with different vertical growth patterns. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:868-874.)Öğe Dehiscence and fenestration in skeletal Class I, II, and III malocclusions assessed with cone-beam computed tomography(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2012) Yagci, Ahmet; Veli, Ilknur; Uysal, Tancan; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Ozer, Torun; Enhos, SukruObjective: To test the null hypothesis that the presence of dehiscence and fenestration was not different among patients with skeletal Class I, II, and III malocclusions. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 123 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained with an iCAT scanner (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa). Patients with normal vertical patterns were classified according to dental malocclusion and ANB angle. Class I comprised 41 patients-21 girls and 20 boys (mean age, 22.4 +/- 4.5 years); Class II comprised 42 patients-22 girls and 20 boys (mean age, 21.5 +/- 4.2 years); and Class III comprised 40 subjects-22 girls and 18 boys (mean age, 22.1 +/- 4.5 years). A total of 3444 teeth were evaluated. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used for statistical comparisons at the P <.05 level. Results: Statistical analysis indicated that the Class II group had a greater prevalence of fenestration than the other groups (P <.001). No difference was found in the prevalence of dehiscence among the three groups. Although fenestration had greater prevalence in the maxilla, more dehiscence was found in the mandible for all groups. In Class I, alveolar defects (dehiscence, fenestration) were matched relatively in both jaws. Furthermore, Class II and Class III subjects had more alveolar defects (41.11% and 45.02%, respectively) in the mandible. Dehiscences were seen with greater frequency in the mandibular incisors of all groups. Conclusion: The null hypothesis was rejected. Significant differences in the presence of fenestration were found among subjects with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. Fenestrations had greater prevalence in the maxilla, but more dehiscences were found in the mandible. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:67-74.)Öğe Effect of Different Power Outputs and Beam Angulations on Bond Strength of Laser Etched Enamel(Aves Press Ltd, 2009) Basaran, Guvenc; Devecioglu Kama, Jalan; Ozer, TorunThe aim of the study was to test the shear bond strength and surface characteristics when applying laser beam at different angulations with different power outputs to the enamel surface In the research 90 extracted human premolar teeth were used. Teeth were etched with Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnett (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser at three different power outputs(1,1.25 and 1.5 Watt, 140 nm, 20 Hz) and two different beam angulations(45 and 900). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in shear bond strengths and adhesive remnant indexes. Laser beam angulation, at these power outputs, does not make sense. All of the other power outputs, except 1 Watt at 900 produced similar etching patterns at both laser beam angulations. It is not extremely important to use the handpiece of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at different angles to the enamel to etch for orthodontic purposes.Öğe Effects on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions of protraction and rapid palatal expansion in Class III malocclusion subjects(Oxford Univ Press, 2008) Kilinc, Ali Serdar; Arslan, Seher Gunduz; Kama, Jalen Devecioglu; Ozer, Torun; Dari, OsmanThis study examined the effects of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and maxillary protraction headgear therapy in 18 patients with a skeletal Class III malocclusion (11 girls and seven boys; mean age 10.9 years) on upper airway dimensions compared with an untreated control group (nine girls and eight boys; mean age 10.9 years). Pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were traced and analysed at similar time intervals. The average treatment time was 6.94 +/- 0.56 months. Wilcoxon's test was used for intragroup comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. A significant increase occurred in the maxillary forward position. Mandibular forward movement and downward and backward rotation were inhibited. In addition, the upper incisors were proclined (P < 0.001), and the lower incisors were significantly retroclined (P < 0.05). When the treatment and control groups were compared, the upper airway linear measurements (pns-ad(1), pns-ad(2), APW-PPW, APW'-PPW') and the nasopharyngeal area had increased in the treatment group. These results demonstrated that maxillary expansion together with protraction of the maxilla improved naso- and oropharyngeal airway dimensions in the short term.Öğe Etching enamel for orthodontics with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser system(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2007) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Berk, Nukhet; Hamamci, OrhanObjective: To test the shear bond strength, surface characteristics, and fracture mode of brackets that are bonded to enamel etched with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser operated at different power outputs: 0.5 W, 1 W, and 2 W. Materials and Methods: Human premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic purposes were used. Enamel was etched with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser system operated at one of three power outputs or with orthophosphoric acid. Results: The shear bond strength associated with the 0.5-W laser irradiation was significantly less than the strengths obtained with the other irradiations. Both the 1-W and 2-W laser irradiations were capable of etching enamel in the same manner. This finding was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy examination. The evaluation of adhesive-remnant-index scores demonstrated no statistically significant difference in bond failure site among the groups, except for the 0.5-W laser-etched group. Generally, more adhesive was left on the enamel surface with laser irradiation than with acid etching. Conclusion: The mean shear bond strength and enamel surface etching obtained with an Er,Cr: YSGG laser (operated at 1 W or 2 W for 15 seconds) is comparable to that obtained with acid etching.Öğe Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography(Korean Assoc Orthodontists, 2013) Baysal, Asli; Uysal, Tancan; Veli, Ilknur; Ozer, Torun; Karadede, Irfan; Hekimoglu, SeyitObjective: To evaluate the changes in cortical bone thickness, alveolar bone height, and the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration in the surrounding alveolar bone of posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: The CBCT records of 20 subjects (9 boys, mean age: 13.97 +/- 1.17 years; 11 girls, mean age: 13.53 +/- 2.12 year) that underwent RME were selected from the archives. CBCT scans had been taken before (T1) and after (T2) the RME. Moreover, 10 of the subjects had 6-month retention (T3) records. We used the CBCT data to evaluate the buccal and palatal aspects of the canines, first and second premolars, and the first molars at 3 vertical levels. The cortical bone thickness and alveolar bone height at T1 and T2 were evaluated with the paired-samples t-test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Repeated measure ANOVA or the Friedman test was used to evaluate the statistical significance at T1, T2, and T3. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The buccal cortical bone thickness decreased gradually from baseline to the end of the retention period. After expansion, the buccal alveolar bone height was reduced significantly; however, this change was not statistically significant after the 6-month retention period. During the course of the treatment, the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration increased and decreased, respectively. Conclusions: RME may have detrimental effects on the supporting alveolar bone, since the thickness and height of the buccal alveolar bone decreased during the retention period.Öğe Evaluation of root resorption following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2012) Baysal, Asli; Karadede, Irfan; Hekimoglu, Seyit; Ucar, Faruk; Ozer, Torun; Veli, Ilknur; Uysal, TancanObjective: To evaluate the root resorption after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Records of 25 patients who had undergone RME with tooth-borne banded expander were obtained from the archive of the orthodontic department. CBCT data were reconstructed with surface and volume rendering, and the volumetric images were manipulated to display the root surfaces from various orientations. On these three-dimensional images, permanent first molars and first and second premolars were segmented, and their roots were isolated. Volumes of roots were calculated. The difference between pre-expansion and postexpansion root volumes was statistically evaluated with a paired-samples t-test. Also, the percentage of root volume loss was calculated for each root and statistically compared with each other with one-way analysis of variance at the P < .05 level. Results: The difference between the pre-expansion and postexpansion root volumes was statistically significant for all roots investigated. Maximum volume decrease was observed for the mesiobuccal root of first molar teeth (18.60 mm(3)). It was determined that the distobuccal root of first molar teeth was less affected from the expansion procedure (9.47 mm(3)). No statistically significant difference was found for the percentage of root volume loss. Conclusion: Following RME treatment, significant root volume loss was observed for all investigated posterior teeth. However, the percentage of volume loss was not statistically different among roots. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:488-494.)Öğe Interleukine-1? and tumor necrosis factor-? levels in the human gingival sulcus during orthodontic treatment(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2006) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Kaya, Filiz Acun; Kaplan, Abdurrahman; Hamamci, OrhanObjective: To test whether interleukine 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels differ from each other in different treatment levels. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients, nine female and nine male (aged 16-19 years; mean 17.4 +/- 1.8 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Two months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline, at days 7 and 21 and at the 3rd and 6th month as the leveling of the teeth occurred. Records of the baseline scores for the distalization forces were taken at the 6th month. Days 7 and 21 after 6 months of treatment were also recorded. Results: There were increases in the volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in the concentrations of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. Conclusions: Leveling and distalization of the teeth evoke increases in both the IL-1 and TNF-alpha levels that can be detected in GCF.Öğe Interleukins 2, 6, and 8 levels in human gingival sulcus during orthodontic treatment(Mosby-Elsevier, 2006) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Kaya, Filiz Acun; Hamamci, OrhanIntroduction: The aims of this study were to determine levels of interleukins 2, 6, and 8 during tooth movement, and test whether they differ from each other with leveling and distalization forces used in various treatment stages of standard orthodontic therapy. Methods: Fifteen patients (9 female, 6 male; ages, 15-19 years; mean age, 16.7 +/- 2.3 years) participated in this study. Each underwent a session of professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Two months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline, at days 7 and 21, and as the teeth were leveled. Records of the baseline scores for the distalization forces were taken at the sixth month. Scores of days 7 and 21 after 6 months of the distalization treatment were also recorded. Results: Increases were seen in the volume of gingival crevicular fluid and the concentrations of interleukins 2, 6, and 8. Conclusions: Leveling and distalization of the teeth evoke increases in interleukins 2, 6, and 8 levels in the periodontal tissues that can be detected in gingival crevicular fluid.Öğe Is Early Nasal Shaping With a Limited Alar Base Incision Possible in the Repair of Cleft Lips?(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Kapi, Emin; Bozkurt, Mehmet; Ozer, Torun; Celik, Mehmet YusufThe repair of cleft lips has an important place in plastic and reconstructive surgery. In the treatment of these deformities, the aim was to restore the normal lip morphology in the cleft area as well as repairing any coexisting nasal deformities. Various methods are in use for this purpose. One of the most commonly employed surgical methods is Millard repair. However, this method may lead to additional scarring in the alar base on the cleft side subsequent to the incision. In this study, the results obtained from a group who have been applied alar base incisions during the modified Millard repair are compared to a group who have undergone intranasal wide dissections. The patients enrolled in the study were randomized into 2 groups. The first group were applied the modified Millard repair. In the second group, the rotation, advancement, and C-flaps were prepared according to Millard surgical repair technique; however, instead of an alar base and nasofacial groove incision on the cleft side, a nasal and maxillary supraperiosteal wide dissection was made through the incision in the mucosa of the nostril. The intranasal dissection performed during the study was observed to provide the targeted outcome and a more satisfactory cosmetic result through the modified Millard repair. In conclusion, the authors are of the opinion that the limited alar base incision and the wide supraperiosteal dissection performed in patients with cleft lips is an alternative method that can be employed in a wide range of patients.Öğe Laser etching of enamel for orthodontic bonding(Mosby-Elsevier, 2008) Ozer, Torun; Basaran, Guevenc; Berk, NuekhetIntroduction: The purposes of this study were to assess the shear bond strength, the surface characteristics, and the adhesive remnant index scores of teeth prepared for bonding with erbium, chromium doped: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser etching, and to compare laser etching with phosphoricacid etching and a self-etching primer. Methods: Sixty-four premolars, extracted for orthodontic purposes, were randomly divided into 4 groups, and a different method was used to prepare the tooth enamel in each group for bonding: irradiation for 15 seconds with a 0.75-W Er, Cr: YSGG laser; irradiation for 15 seconds with a 1.5-W Er, Cr: YSGG laser; etching with 37% phosphoric acid; application of a self-etching primer. After surface preparation, standard edgewise stainless steel premolar brackets were bonded; 1 tooth in each group was not bonded and was examined under a scanning electron microscopic. The brackets were debonded 24 hours later; shear bond strengths were measured, and adhesive remnant index scores were recorded. Results: Irradiation with the 0.75-W laser produced lower shear bond strengths than the other methods. No statistically significant differences were found between 1.5-W laser irradiation, phosphoric-acid etching, and self-etching primer. Adhesive remnant scores were compared with the chi-square test, and statistically significant differences were found between all groups; when the 0.75-W laser irradiation group was excluded, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusions: Irradiation with a 1.50-W laser produced sufficient etching for orthodontic bonding, but irradiation with the 0.75-W laser did not.Öğe Mandibular anterior bony support and incisor crowding: Is there a relationship?(Mosby-Elsevier, 2012) Uysal, Tancan; Yagci, Ahmet; Ozer, Torun; Veli, Ilknur; Ozturke, AhmetIntroduction: The aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis that increased irregularity of the mandibular incisors is associated with a reduction in the alveolar support on cone-beam computed tomographic sections. Methods: From a sample of 1100 digital volumetric tomographs, 125 tomographs of subjects with Class I malocclusion (mean age, 21.6 +/- 4.8 years) were selected for this study. An irregularity index was used to categorize these tomographs as having mild, moderate, or severe crowding. All tomographs were taken by using an iCAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa) imaging device. The following parameters were measured on the sections corresponding to the 4 mandibular incisors with the iCAT software: height, thickness, and area of the entire symphysis; height, thickness, and area of the cancellous bone of the symphysis; and distance between the vestibular and lingual cortices. For the statistical evaluation, independent samples t test, analysis of variance, and the Tukey HSD test were used at an alpha level 0.05. The Pearson correlation coefficient and a simple linear regression were calculated to determine the relationship between mandibular anterior bony support and incisor crowding. Results: Almost all mandibular anterior bone measurements were greater in the male subjects than in the female subjects (height of the mandibular symphysis, P<0.001; cancellous bone height, P<0.001). Female subjects with mild crowding had higher values for cancellous bone height (P=0.025) and vestibular cancellous bone thickness (P=0.004) than did those with severe crowding. However, no differences were detected in the male subjects. Additionally, significant correlations were determined between incisor crowding and thickness of the mandibular symphysis, cancellous bone thickness, and the vestibular part of cancellous bone thickness in female subjects. Conclusions: Significant relationships were found between the measures of mandibular incisor crowding and basal bone dimensions in female subjects. Except for the vestibular part of cancellous bone thickness, all mandibular incisor bone measurements were greater in the male subjects than in the female subjects. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 142: 645-53)Öğe Mandibular asymmetry in unilateral and bilateral posterior crossbite patients using cone-beam computed tomography(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2011) Veli, Ilknur; Uysal, Tancan; Ozer, Torun; Ucar, Faruk Izzet; Eruz, MuratObjective: To test the hypotheses that (1) there is no difference in mandibular asymmetry between the crossbite and normal side in a unilateral crossbite group (UCG) and between the right and left sides in a bilateral crossbite group (BCG) and a control group (CG); and (2) there is no significant difference in mandibular asymmetry among crossbite groups and control group. Materials and Methods: The cone-beam computed tomography scans of three groups were studied: (1) 15 patients (6 male, 9 female; mean age: 13.51 +/- 2.03 years) with unilateral posterior crossbite; (2) 15 patients (8 male, 7 female; mean age: 13.36 +/- 2.12 years) with bilateral posterior crossbite; and (3) 15 patients (8 male, 7 female; mean age: 13.46 +/- 1.53 years) as a control group. Fourteen parameters (eight linear, three surface, and three volumetric) were measured. Side comparisons were analyzed with paired samples t-test, and for the intergroup comparison, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used at the P < .05 level. Results: According to side comparisons, no statistically significant difference was found in the UCG. There were statistically significant differences in hemimandibular (P = .008) and ramal (P = .004) volumes for the BCG and in ramal height (P = .024) and body length (P = .021) for the CG. Intergroup comparisons revealed significant differences in hemimandibular (P = .002) and body volume (P < .001) for the normal side of the UCG and left sides of the other groups, and in angular unit length (P = .025) and condylar width (P = .007) for the crossbite side of the UCG and the right sides of the other groups. Conclusions: Contrary to UCG, CG and BCG were found to have side-specific asymmetry. Skeletal components of the mandible have significant asymmetry among the crossbite groups and the CG. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:966-974.)
