Yazar "Ozekinci, Tuncer" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 21
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Adapted T Cell Interferon-Gamma Release Assay for the Diagnosis of Pleural Tuberculosis(Karger, 2011) Ates, Gungor; Yildiz, Tekin; Ortakoylu, Mediha Gonenc; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Erturk, Baykal; Akyildiz, Levent; Caglar, EmelBackground: Better and more rapid tests are needed for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), given the known limitations of conventional diagnostic tests. Objectives: To estimate diagnostic accuracy of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test (and its components) using data-derived cutoffs in pleural fluid. Methods: The QFT-GIT test was performed on whole blood and pleural fluid from 43 patients with TPE and 29 control subjects (non-TPE). To achieve the objective, QFT-GIT test, estimating likelihood ratios and receiver operating curve analysis were performed. Results: The sensitivity and specificity using the QFT-GIT for the diagnosis of TPE were 48.8% and 79.3%, respectively, in pleural fluid. The best cutoff points for tuberculosis (TB) antigen, nil and TB antigen minus nil results were estimated at 0.70, 0.90 and 0.30 IU/ml, respectively. Area under the curve of TB antigen IFN-gamma response was 0.86 (CI: 0.76-0.93), nil tube was 0.80 (CI: 0.69-0.89) and TB antigen minus nil tube was 0.82 (CI: 0.72-0.90). When the best cutoff scores of the nil tubes were set at this value, the results of a likelihood ratio of a positive and a negative test were 9.44 (7.4-12.0) and 0.37 (0.09-1.5), respectively. The percentages of indeterminate results in pleural fluid among the TPE cases were 42% (most of them caused by high nil IFN-gamma values) using the QFT-GIT test. Conclusion: QFT-GIT test or its components have poor accuracy in the diagnosis of TPE, largely because of a high number of indeterminate results due to high background IFN-gamma production in the TPE. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, BaselÖğe ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUG RESISTANCE IN SOUTHEAST OF TURKEY(Carbone Editore, 2013) Dal, Tuba; Ozcan, Nida; Tekin, Recep; Tekin, Alicem; Celen, Mustafa Kemal; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Dal, T.Objective: Tuberculosis is a globally prevalent life-threatening infectious disease. In this study we aimed to evaluate antibiotic suscebtibility rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains. Materials and methods: A total of 150 culture-positive samples were included in. Among culture positive samples 86 were Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and 64 were non-tuberculous mycobacterium. Of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated samples 45 were Ziehl-Neelsen positive. Of 64 non-tuberculous mycobacterium isolated samples 15 were Ziehl-Neelsen positive. Mean age of the patients with tuberculosis was 37.74 +/- 20.53 and non-tuberculous mycobacterium isolated patients was 46.80 +/- 23.32. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for the four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs by BACTEC MGIT-960 instrument (Becton Dickinson). Of M. tuberculosis strains 41 % was resistant to at least one or more of the drugs (isoniasid 27.9%, ethambutol 8.13%, streptomycin 12.79 %, rifampicine 9.3 %). Of the strains 5.8 % was resistant to two, 3.4 % to three and 3.4 % to four drugs. Conclusion: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and drug resistance of this microorganism continued to be a problem for our country and non-tuberculous mycobacterium species may become a problem in the future. We thought that a strong and cost-effective tuberculosis control programme contributes to reduce the incidence of drug resistance in the community.Öğe Detection of the Adhesin Antigen in Stool for the Diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica with the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Method(Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2015) Al, Funda Dogruman; Oguz, Ilkiz; Ozekinci, TuncerAim: Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica) and E. dispar are morphologically identic but they are genetically distinct according to their immunological, molecular biological and biochemical characteristics. E. histolytica is the invasive species that leads to amoebic colitis and liver abscesses and E. dispar which exerts non-invasive features. Especially laboratory technicans who are not experienced enough can confuse the E. histolytica/dispar with leukocytes, macrophages and other trophozoites under direct microscopy. However, since E. histolytica is the reason for amoebic dysentery cases, certain and accurate diagnosis is very crutial in order to plan the treatment. In our study, we have used the ELISA technique which depends on searching the E. histolytica adhesin antigen in stool to bring this technique for the routine detection and diagnosis. Materials and Methods: For the study, native-lugol method and trichrome staining was conducted with 553 stool samples that were sent to laboratory for the routine parasitological examination. Samples were examined microscopically. Stool samples which showed microscopic E. histolytica/dispar cysts, presence of adhesin antigen was examined by using specific monoclonal ELISA (E. HISTOLYTICA II Techlab, Blacksburg VA 24060, USA) technique. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results: There were E. histolytica/E. dispar cysts and/or trophozoite structures in 22 stool samples (3.9%) with trichrome staining out of 29 stool samples (5.2%) in which E. histolytica/E. dispar cysts and/or trophozoite structures had already been detected according to native-lugol method. Adezin antigen was detected in 15 stool samples (2.7%) according to ELISA technique. With respect to trichrome staining, the detected sensitivity was found as 86.6%, specificity as 35.7%, positive predictive value as 59% and negative predictive value as 71% according to ELISA method. Statistically significant difference was detected between the two methods regarding the diagnosis of invasive E. histolytica; p < 0.05. Conclusion: Eventually, monoclonal ELISA technique which specifically detects the E. histolytica adhesin antigen and distinguishes the pathogenic E. histolytica from non-pathogenic E. dispar should be used to decrease the unnecessary treatments.Öğe Effect of routine Hepatitis B vaccination program in Southeast of Turkey? Comparing of the results of HBV DNA in terms of age groups for the years 2002 and 2012(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2014) Ozekinci, Tuncer; Atmaca, Selahattin; Dal, TubaDiyarbakir is the largest residential area in the Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey. Routine HBV vaccination has begun to be implemented by the Ministry of Health in Turkey in 1998. The purposes of this study were to detect the levels of HBV DNA in patients with HBV in 2012, and to compare the results of the year 2002 according to age groups. HBV DNA results of patients were divided in to seven age groups (0-14, 15-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, and > 61 years) and for comparison of HBV DNA levels of 2002 and 2012, HBV DNA values in pg/ml of year 2002 were translated into IU/ml and HBV DNA levels were grouped as <5 pg/ml < 2.43 x 10(5) IU/ml, 5-100 pg/ml 2.43 x 10(5)-4.86 x 10(6) IU/ml, 101-2000 pg/ml 4.87 x 10(6)-9.72 x 10(7) IU/ml, > 2000 pg/ml > 9.72 x 10(7) IU/ml 2-3. A statistically significant decrease was seen in the number of individuals in 0-14 age group in 2012 compared with 2002. In 2002 the rate of individuals in 0-14 age group was 18.8% whereas 4.8% in 2012. Our study was suggested that that routine HBV vaccination program, contributed to the reduced risk of HBV infection in our region.Öğe Evaluation of demographic, clinic and treatment features of patients and a cross-sectional survey of cyclosporiasis in patients with diarrhea in Southeastern Turkey(Academic Journals, 2012) Cicek, Mutalip; Palanci, Yilmaz; Ceylan, Ali; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Kaya, MuhsinIn this research, we aimed at reporting the results of a cross-sectional epidemiological scanning performed on an outbreak of cyclosporiasis, occurring in a family and patients' socio-demographic epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features, after detecting Cyclospora oocysts on stool sample of a person admitted to gastroenterology polyclinic. Scanning was performed in the neighborhood of the patient. The investigation group consisted of 75 individuals with diarrheal occurring from neighbor and family of patients. A questionnaire was performed for information on epicrisis of diarrheal persons and the samples were collected in stool containers. The samples were examined with native-lugol, sedimentation and modified acid fast staining methods. The stools were cultured in Salmonella-Shigella agar medium to investigate their bacteriological properties. The different vegetables from the mobile market place (peddler) founded in the neighborhood and water samples from house were collected to detect the infection source. Parasitosis (single or mix parasite) were encountered in 20 out of 75 persons in the examined samples (26.6%) and C. oocysts were detected in 13 out of 75 persons (17.3%). Out of the total number of patients having cyclosporiasis, none has immunodeficiency and chronic diseases. All cases were determined in the month of July. Oocysts were detected in six different families. Bacteria were not cultivated in stool cultures and occult blood was negative. The agent was not encountered in green vegetables, though water samples were examined to detect infection resource. Examination of the samples for Cyclospora was not neglected in diarrhea individuals; as such an examination was performed for the source of transmission of the infection. Cyclospora may generate family infection in individuals and if detected in one individual of a family, all the family individuals were examined for this infection.Öğe Evaluation of Rapid Genotype Assay for the Identification of Gram-Positive Cocci from Blood Cultures and Detection of mecA and van Genes(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2011) Gulhan, Baris; Atmaca, Selahattin; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Suay, AdnanRapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens grown in blood cultures of patients with sepsis is crucial for prompt initiation of appropriate therapy in order to decrease related morbidity and mortality rates. Although current automated blood culture systems led to a significant improvement in bacterial detection time, more rapid identification systems are still needed to optimise the establishment of treatment. Novel genotype technology which is developed for the rapid diagnosis of sepsis, is a molecular genetic assay based on DNA multiplex amplification with biotinylated primers followed by hybridization to membrane bound probes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Genotype (R) BC gram-positive test for the identification of gram-positive cocci grown in blood cultures and rapid detection of mecA and van genes. This test uses DNA.STRIP (R) technology which includes a panel of probes for identification of 17 gram-positive bacterial species and is able to determinate the methicillin and vancomycin resistance mediating genes (mecA and vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2/C3) simultaneously, in a single test run. A total of 55 positive blood cultures from BACTEC (TM) Plus/F (Becton Dickinson, USA) aerobic and pediatric blood culture vials were included in the study. The isolates which exhibit gram-positive coccus morphology by Gram staining were identified by Genotype (R) BC gram-positive test (Hain Life Science, Germany). All of the samples were also identified with the use of Phoenix PMIC/ID Panel (Becton Dickinson, USA) and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined. Of the 55 blood culture isolates, 17 were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis [all were methicillin-resistant (MR)], 9 were S.aureus (one was MR), 18 were S.hominis (10 were MR), 4 were E.faecalis, 3 were E. faecium (one was vanconycin-resistant), 2 were S.saprophyticus (one was MR), 1 was S.warneri and 1 was S.haemolyticus, by Phoenix automated system. Genotype (R) BC gram-positive test results revealed consistency with Phoenix system regarding bacterial identification in 46 (83.6%) of the samples. The two bacteria identified as S.saprophyticus by the Phoenix system could not be identified by the Genotype (R) BC test since this species were not included in the identification panel of the system, however, mecA gene were detected in these two samples by Genotype (R) BC test. Genotype (R) BC test detected mecA gene in five samples which were not detected as methicillin resistant by the Phoenix system. Besides polymicrobial growth was determined in five samples by Genotype (R) BC test, but not by the automated system. One E.faecium isolate with vanA gene was correctly identified by Genotype (R) BC test. In conclusion, Genotype (R) BC gram-positive test is a fast and reliable test for the identification of the most important gram-positive pathogens and mecA and van genes directly from positive blood culture bottles. This test was also found superior than the automated Phoenix system regarding the detection of polymicrobial growth. These data indicated that, routine use of DNA strip technology-based assay would be useful for clinical diagnosis in patients with sepsis.Öğe Evaluation of the Ehrlich-Ziehi-Neelsen (EZN) and Amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct Test according to the BACTEC method in respiratory and nonrespiratory samples(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2007) Ozekinci, Tuncer; Mese, Sevinn; Atmaca, Selahattin; Akpolat, Nezahat; Guel, KadriAim: Tuberculosis remains a significant and threatening disease, particularly in developing countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis should be detected and identified as soon as possible to ensure the prevention of the spread of the disease. For this purpose, use of fast and reliable laboratory diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity was initiated in recent years. Materials and Methods: In this study, 107 respiratory and 198 norrespiratory (305 in total) samples submitted to Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were examined using the Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN), BACTEC 460 TB (Becton and Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument System, Towson, MID), and MTD (Amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct Test, Gen-Probe, USA) methods. Results: In respiratory samples, sensitivity of EZN was found as 83.33%, specificity as 95.04%, positive predictive value as 50%, and negative predictive value as 98.96%, whereas in nonrespiratory samples these values were 18.18%, 98.39%, 40%, and 95.37%, respectively. In respiratory samples, sensitivity of MTD was found as 83.33%, specificity as 94.05%, positive predictive value as 45.45%, and negative predictive value as 98.95%, whereas in nonrespiratory samples these values were 54.54%, 88.23%, 21.42%, and 97.05%, respectively. Conclusions: In view of the above, the pre-diagnostic EZN test and the MTD method based on nucleic acid amplification should be applied together with the BACTEC 460 system, which is considered as a gold standard, and the evaluation should be made accordingly. Furthermore, MTD should not be used as a screening test due to its high cost, and should rather be preferred in smear-positive samples.Öğe Evaluation of the skin flora after chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine preparation in neurosurgical practice(Elsevier Science Inc, 2009) Guzel, Aslan; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Ozkan, Umit; Celik, Yusuf; Ceviz, Adnan; Belen, DenizBackground: Currently, there are various antiseptics used for cleaning the skin before surgery, but there is no standard procedure in practice. Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine are the most preferred compounds among antiseptics. Both are proved to be safe and effective for skin disinfection. In this study. our aim was to investigate the combined effects of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine oil the skin's flora before neurosurgical intervention, consecutively. Methods: Randomly, 50 cranial and 50 spine neurosurgery cases were assigned to the Study. The first culture was obtained after hair removal and before cleaning the skin with any antiseptic. The second culture was obtained after the skin had been cleaned with chlorhexidine for 3 minutes. Then, the skin was cleaned twice with povidone-iodine for 30 seconds, and the third and fourth cultures were taken from the skin incision area. Bacteria were identified by means of standard laboratory identification methods. Positive culture results were compared statistically among order Of Cultures obtained. Results: In the first culture evaluation, 39 (33 cnS, 6 Staphylococcus aureus) of 50 cranial samples and 37 (33 cnS, 4 S aureus) of 50 spine samples showed reproduction. In the second culture, 9 cranial and 5 spine samples showed reproduction of cnS. In the third and fourth Cultures, no growth was observed (P < .001). Conclusion: Three minutes' cleaning of the incision area with chlorhexidine, followed by 30-second cleaning with povidone-iodine, could be a sufficient disinfection procedure for preoperative preparation of the skin in patients undergoing a neurosurgical procedure. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe An experimental Staphylococcus aureus meningitis model for investigating induced leptomeningeal and subpial inflammation in rats(Maghira & Maas Publications, 2007) Guzel, Aslan; Er, Uygur; Tatli, Mehmet; Aluclu, Ufuk; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Nergiz, Yusuf; Ahishali, BulentOBJECTIVE: To evaluate leptomeningeal and subpial inflammatory responses of experimental Staphylococcus aureus bacteriemia following intraperitoneal and intravenous applications and to compare the inflammatory reactions in different regions of central nervous system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty anesthetized rats were divided into four groups equal in number. The rats in group-I were given 1 ml suspension of Staphylococcus aureus intraperitoneally. Group-II was the control group of group I; it was administrated 1 ml 0.9% NaCl in water intraperitoneally. The rats in group-III were given the same amount of bacteria intravenously. Group IV was the control group of the group-III; it was administrated 1 ml 0.9% NaCl solution intravenously. The rats were sacrificed on the 21st day. Inflammatory changes of different regions of the central nervous system were examined under transmission electron microscopy. Statistical analysis was done by using variance analysis, Bonferroni, Tamhane post hoc, Student's t and univariate tests. RESULTS: Thoracic and occipital regions were the most vulnerable zones. Increasing of collagen tissue was the most detected inflammatory change. CONCLUSION: This experimental model can be used for inducing subpial and leptomeningeal inflammations and it maybe developed for investigations of pathogenesis of leptomeningitis during systemic infections.Öğe Fusidic Acid Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Strains in an Interval of Ten Years (2001-2011)(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2012) Nergiz, Sebnem; Atmaca, Selahattin; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Tekin, AlicemObjective: Fusidic acid is a steroid-like antibiotic which is used alone or consecutively in combination with other antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, including the strains resistant to methicillin. In this study, we aimed to compare fusidic acid resistance rates in Staphylococcus aureus [methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)] strains isolated in our hospital's clinical microbiology laboratory at an interval of ten years. Material and Methods: Bacterial strains were identified by conventional methods and BD PhoenixTM Automated Microbiology System (BD Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD). Methicillin and fusidic acid susceptibilities of the identified S. aureus strains were determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. In order to determine methicillin and fusidic acid susceptibilities, 1 mu g oxacillin and 10 mu g fusidic acid disks (Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, United Kingdom) were used. Oxacillin susceptibility was detected according to the criteria of CLSI, and inhibition zone of >= 13 mm was considered as sensitive, 11-12 mm as intermediate, <= 10 mm as resistant. Fusidic acid susceptibility was detected according to the criteria of Comite de L'antibiogramme de la Societe Francaise de Microbiologie, and inhibition zone of 22 mm was considered as sensitive, 16-21 mm as intermediate, <= 15 mm as resistant. Results: In a study carried out ten years ago, fusidic acid resistance rate in S. aureus strains was reported as 11.6%, whereas in our study it was found as 14.6%. There was not any significant difference between the two resistance rates (p=0.695). Fusidic acid resistance rates were found to be 4.2% and 5.7%, respectively in the years 2001 and 2011 for MSSA strains. In MRSA strains, however, the rates were found as 18.9% and 22.2%, respectively. No significant difference was noted between fusidic acid resistances of MSSA and MASA strains, studied at the two different periods (p=1.00, p=0.906). Conclusion: In the light of these findings, it has been concluded that fusidic acid is still a good alternative drug in the treatment of all staphylococcal infections, including methicillin resistant strains.Öğe Identification of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in some edible nuts(Wfl Publ, 2008) Vural, Aydin; Erkan, Mehmet Emin; Ozekinci, TuncerIn this study, 217 edible nut samples have been investigated regarding Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). S. aureus was isolated in 26 (11.98%) samples, whereas CNS were isolated in 98 (45.16%) samples. Number of samples for different isolated CNS species was as follows: S. arlettae 19 (8.76%), S. saprophyticus 14 (6.45%), S. xylosus 12 (5.53%), S. epidermis 11 (5.07%), S. hominis 11 (5.07%), S. simulans 9 (4.15%), S. haemolyticus 7 (3.23%), S. lentus 6 (2.76%), S. equorum 4 (1.84%), S. sciuri 2 (0.92%), S. warneri 2 (0.92%) and S. capitis subsp. capitis 1 (0.46%).Öğe Investigation of Precore/Core Mutation of Hepatitis B Virus with Line Probe Immune Assay Method(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2021) Ozbek, Erdal; Temiz, Hakan; Ozcan, Nida; Ozekinci, TuncerOBJECTIVE: The expression of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is reduced or totally inhibited as a result of mutations in the precore/core region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, but its clinical significance has not been yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate precore/core mutation in serum samples of patients followed with a chronic hepatitis B infection diagnosis and whose HBeAg was found to be negative on ELISA test. STUDY DESIGN: Among the chronic hepatitis B pa-tients followed in our hospital, serum samples of 111 patients with HBeAg negative were included in the study. In the serums of the patients whose HBV DNA were found positive with real-time PCR assay were investigated ''precore, core mutations with the INNO-LiPA method. RESULTS: HBV DNA was detected as positive in 93 serum samples. In 42 of those 93 (45.2%) serums, pre- core/core mutations were detected. Isolated precore mu-tation in 12 cases (12.9%), isolated core mutation in 9 cases (9.7%), and both precore and core mutations in 21 cases (22.6%) were found. CONCLUSION: Mutant strains may play an important role in becoming chronic, hepato-carcinogenesis, and in the development of fulminant hepatitis or asymptomatic course. Until valid results are obtained revealing the otherwise, it must be kept in mind that there might be a risk factor of the nucleotide changes in the core re-gion associated with the activation of hepatitis B.Öğe An investigation of the relationship between clinical features of amoebiasis and Entamoeba histolytica genotypes(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Araz, Remzi Engin; Koru, Ozgur; Tanyuksel, Mehmet; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Ceylan, Ali; Guclu Kilbas, Hatice Zeynep; Cicek, MutalipAim: To determine the presence of Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar and E. moshkovskii in stool samples, tRNA-based short tandem repeat gene polymorphism in E. histolytica isolates, and the relationship between amoeba load and clinical outcome in studies. Materials and methods: This study involved 840 stools samples of individuals having diarrhea/dysentery and individuals who were asymptomatic by using microscopy, culture, E. histolytica antigen ELISA, and conventional/real-time PCR methods. Results: Of the 840 samples analyzed, 4.3% (36/840), 2.6% (22/840), and 7.4% (62/840) of the stool samples were determined to be positive by E. histolytica antigen ELISA, and real-time PCR for E. histolytica and E. dispar, respectively. Thirty-five of the 62 (56.4%) samples positive for E. dispar and 20 of the 22 (91.0%) samples positive for E. histolytica were from dysenteric individuals as revealed by real-time PCR. Although there was no statistically significant difference in patients with diarrhea, a correlation might be seen between amoeba load and clinical outcome in those infected with E. histolytica, since amoeba load was usually determined 103 copies/mL or higher in patients with diarrhea. In this study, 3 different genotypes were defined in 16 isolates by using 6 loci (A-L, N-K2, D-A, R-R, S-D, and S-TGA-Q). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that real-time PCR is a useful, reliable, and sensitive method for the determination of E. histolytica in stools and for differentiation from E. dispar. It is suggested that parasite load might affect clinical outcome.Öğe Lamivudine for the prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBSAG) seropositive cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy(Informa Healthcare, 2008) Cil, Timucin; Altintas, Abdullah; Pasa, Semir; Bayan, Kadim; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Isikdogan, AbdurrahmanHepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Cancer patients who are chronic carriers of HBV have a higher hepatic complication rate while receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT) and this has mainly been attributed to HBV reactivation. In this study, cancer patients who have solid and hematological malignancies with chronic HBV infection received the antiviral agent lamivudine prior and during CT compared with historical control group who did not receive lamivudine. The objectives were to assess the efficacy of lamivudine in reducing the incidence of HBV reactivation, and diminishing morbidity and mortality during CT. Two groups were compared in this study. The prophylactic lamivudin group consisted of 37 patients who received prophylactic lamivudine treatment. The historical controls consisted of 50 consecutive patients who underwent CT without prophylactic lamivudine. They were followed up during and for 8 weeks after CT. The outcomes were compared for both groups. Of our control group (n= 50), 21 patients (42%) were established hepatitis. Twelve (24%) of them were evaluated as severe hepatitis. In the prophylactic lamivudine group severe hepatitis were observed only in 1 patient (2.7%) of 37 patients (p0.006). Comparison of the mean ALT values revealed significantly higher mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values in the control group than the prophylactic lamivudine group; 154:64 (p0.32). Our study suggests that prophylactic lamivudine significantly decreases the incidence of HBV reactivation and overall morbidity in cancer patients during and after immunosuppressive therapy. Further studies are needed to determine the most appropriate nucleoside or nucleotide analogue for antiviral prophylaxis during CT and the optimal duration of administration after completion of CT.Öğe Panton-Valentine leukocidin in community and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus strains(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Ozekinci, Tuncer; Dal, Tuba; Yanik, Keramettin; Ozcan, Nida; Can, Sukran; Tekin, Alicem; Yildirim, Halil IbrahimStaphylococcus aureus causes serious hospital-acquired (HA) and community-acquired (CA) infections. Skin and soft-tissue infections especially are sometimes caused by strains harbouring Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). PVL belongs to a family of bi-component leukocidal toxins produced by staphylococci. It is a pore-forming toxin encoded by lukF-PV and lukS-PV. A total of 70 S. aureus strains: 38 (54%) methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and 32 (46%) methicillin-susceptible (MSSA), were isolated from patients admitted to Dicle University Hospital (Turkey). Identification of S. aureus and antibiotics-susceptibility testing were performed with PHOENIX 100. PVL genes and mecA genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Of the 70 studied strains, 36 ones (51%) were community acquired and 34 ones (49%) were hospital acquired . A total of 38 (54%) strains were positive for mecA (mecA(+)), of which 32 ones (84%) were HA. Of the mecA(-) strains, 30 (94%) were CA. Of the 70 studied strains, 12 (17%) strains were PVL+: 8 (22%) of the 36 CA strains and 4 (12%) of the 34 HA strains. Of the 12 PVL+ strains, 4 strains were mecA(+). The PVL positivity rate was 25% in MSSA, whereas 10.5% in MRSA. Of the overall PVL+ strains, seven strains were obtained from wounds; four ones from skin abscess; and one from blood culture. Taken together, the obtained results showed a substantial level of PVL genes in the studied region. Although PVL is known as a common virulence factor of CA MRSA, HA MRSA isolates in our study showed a considerable rate of PVL positivity.Öğe Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella in retail organic chicken(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2020) Guran, Husnu Sahan; Ciftci, Resat; Gursoy, Nafia Canan; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Alali, Walid Q.Purpose The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella prevalence, antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes, and their genetic relatedness in frozen organic chicken collected at retail level in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Retail packs (n = 348) of cut-up chicken parts (breast, leg quarter and drumstick) and whole chicken carcasses were purchased from a central hypermarket in Diyarbakir (Southeast Anatolia Region in Turkey) and from a large online retailer in Turkey. The retail packs were paired by part type, brand, production date, and sell-by date. The chicken samples were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp., and then isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility, class I integron, and genetic similarity. Findings Salmonella prevalence in retail frozen organic chicken samples was 6.3 percent; however, the prevalence by parts, leg quarter, drumstick, breast, and whole chicken was 2.1 percent, 10.4 percent, 10.4 percent, and 0 percent, respectively. Salmonella prevalence was significantly higher in samples obtained from the hypermarket (9.2 percent) compared to online retailer (3.8 percent). All the isolates were serotype Infantis, genetically similar (highly clonal), and 68.2 percent harbored class I integron. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (drug of choice to treat salmonellosis in human), and 86.3 percent of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. Originality/value Salmonella prevalence in organic chicken meat, regardless of the retail market source in Turkey, may pose a health risk to consumers especially with the high prevalence of multi-drug resistant phenotypes. Findings inform researchers and the public about the safety of organically produced chicken and the potential health risk to consumers.Öğe The prevalence of primary and secondary Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and probable contributing cofactors(H G E Update Medical Publishing S A, 2008) Tuezuen, Yekta; Bayan, Kadim; Yilmaz, Serif; Dursun, Mehmet; Ozekinci, TuncerBackground/Aims: Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pytori is the most important reason for failure in its eradication. We aimed to determine the prevalence of primary and secondary H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin in isolated H. pylori from dyspeptic patients in southeastern Anatolia and to evaluate the cofactors affecting this clinical problem. Methodology: The study involved adult patients who had already been diagnosed with symptomatic H. pylori infection based on rapid urease test, gastric histopathological examination and culture. H. pylori strains were isolated from antral biopsies taken during upper endoscopy in 142 dyspeptic patients with no previous therapy against the microorganism. MICs of clarithromycin were determined by E-test. Patients were treated for 14 days with standard triple-agent protocol. H. pylori eradication rate was assessed after 8 weeks. Each patient was re-interviewed to determine secondary resistance. Primary clarithromycin resistance was defined as pre-treatment resistance, while secondary as after treatment resistance. Strains were considered resistant to clarithromycin if the MIC 1 mu g/mL. Results: In total 213-105 women and 108 men-patients was enrolled to the study. The mean age was 35.5 +/- 14.1 years. In 142 (66.7%) patients out of the total patients enrolled in the study, H. pylori was detected. H. pylori could be cultured from only 61 (43%) of them. In 16.4% of the cases, primary clarithromycin resistance was noted. After 8 weeks, seventy-seven (54.2%) of the 142 patients were reevaluated. Helicobacter pylori eradication could be achieved in 68.8% of them. The proportion of H. pylori eradication in clarithromycin-sensitive patients was 75.8% and the respective proportion was 10% for resistant cases. In the group where H. pylori was still positive the secondary resistance percentage was found to be 27.2%. Conclusions: The prevalence of primary clarithromycin resistance is relatively high in our geographical area. Secondary resistance rate was 27.2%. None of the criteria of age, gender, presence of endoscopic lesions, detected H. pylori concentration and gastritis activity showed any effect on the primary resistance.Öğe Risk factors for drug resistant tuberculosis in southeast Turkey(Royal Soc Medicine Press Ltd, 2008) Tanrikulu, A. Cetin; Hosoglu, Salih; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Abakay, Abdurrahman; Gurkan, FuatWe undertook a cross-sectional survey of 116 patients at Dicle Hospital,Turkey, who had with bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis (TB). Demographic and clinical features, including age, gender, pulmonaryTB history, associated diabetes mellitus, previousTB treatment, residential area and education, were collected from charts. Eighty-four of the strains were found to be susceptible to all drugs. The resistance to one or more drug(s) was found in 32 strains. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB was found in 13 strains (11.3% of the total and 40.7% of the drug resistant strains). The resistance to isoniazid was the most frequently seen (25 strains, 21.5%). In the multivariable analysis, only previousTB treatment (P = 0.000) remained a significant predictor for drug resistance; in MDR, previousTB treatments (P = 0.002) remained significant in the final model. The patient's educational status was found to be negatively correlated with the risk of MRD-TB (P = 0.035). PreviousTB treatment and low educational status were found to important risk factors for the development of MDR-TB.Öğe Seroprevalance of Coxiellosis in cows, sheep, goats and humans in Diyarbakir region of Turkey(Academic Journals, 2011) Arserim, Neval Berrin; Yesilmen, Simten; Tel, Osman Yasar; Ozekinci, Tuncer; Keskin, Oktay; Pulat, Huseyin; Vural, AydinThis study aims at determining the seroprevalance of Coxiella burnetii in cows, sheep, goats and staff, working in the stock breeding sector in Diyarbakir region. Therefore, C. burnetii antibodies were investigated in sera samples of 612 sheep, 700 goats, 584 cows and 90 staff by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In the study, seropositivity was obtained as 25.4, 38.6, 20.0 and 6.6% in sheep, goats, cows and stockbreeding staff, respectively. Consequently, C. burnetii seropositivity, whether in people or in animals, had a ratio that should not be ignored in Diyarbakir region. Abort cases in ruminant should be assessed from the viewpoint of Coxiellosis. Also, people, especially those who are in risk group, should be made to be conscious of Coxiellosis infection, and measures for preventing this illness should be taken.Öğe Testing for Total HDV Antibodies in HBsAg Positive Patients with HBV-DNA Less Than 5 pg/mL by Hybrid Capture(Galenos Yayincilik, 2005) Ozekinci, Tuncer; Akpolat, Nezahat; Atmaca, Selahattin; Elci, Saffet; Mete, MahmutThe sera of 21 patients with HBV-DNA less than 5 pg/mL by Hybrid Capture that were positive for the surface antigen (HBsAg) tested positive for total HDV antibodies. These 21 delta antibodies that obtained from positive serum, in the one of them HBV-DNA level 3 pg/mL, the other two 1 pg/mL and HBV-DNA was not observed from the rest of the serum. It has been observed that if the HBV-DNA amount is under 5 pg/mL in the HBsAg positivity neglected serum, it is important to investigate this serum for the HDV infectious direction.
