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Öğe Auditory P300 event-related potentials in children with Sydenham's chorea(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2014) Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Demiroren, Kaan; Demir, Caner F.; Serin, Mine HapsenP300 event-related potentials (ERPs), objective measures related to cognitive processing, have not been studied in Sydenham's chorea (SC) patients. Purpose: To assess cognitive impairment with P300 ERPs. Method: Seventeen patients with SC and 20 unaffected healthy children were included. Stanford-Binet test was used for psychometric assessment, and odd-ball paradigm was used for auditory ERPs. Results: There was no significant difference in P300 latencies between the SC-pretreatment group, SC-posttreatment group and control group (p>0.05). Mean interpeak latencies in SC-pretreatment group and SC-posttreatment group showed significant prolongation compared with the control group (p<0.05). Mean interpeak latencies in SC-posttreatment group were significantly decreased compared with SC-pretreatment group (p<0.05). Compared to controls, patients did not show significant difference in Stanford-Binet intelligence examination. Conclusion: This report suggests that interpeak latencies and amplitudes of P300 ERPs could be useful for detecting and monitoring cognitive impairment in SC patients.Öğe Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Are Novel Inflammatory Predictors of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Akil, Esref; Akil, Mehmet Ata; Varol, Sefer; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Yucel, Yavuz; Arslan, Demet; Akyuz, AbdurahmanBackground: The role of epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in ischemic stroke (IS) has not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate EFT and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among patients with IS and to examine the relationship between these inflammatory markers and the incidence of IS. Methods: The cross-sectional design includes 38 patients with IS and 47 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Echocardiographic measurement of EFT was conducted according to previously published methods. An automated hematology analyzer was used to generate total and differential leukocyte counts from patient blood samples. Results: Mean EFT was 4.86 +/- .68 mm in the control group and 5.95 +/- 1.14 mm in the IS group. EFTwas significantly greater in the IS patients in relation to the control group (P < .001). Mean NLR was significantly greater among IS patients in relation to the control group (2.5 +/- .6 vs. 1.8 +/- .4, P < .001). No significant confounding factors were identified in the data set. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a mild, but highly significant correlation between EFT and NLR (r = 5.293, P =.006). Conclusions: This study demonstrates for the first time the association between EFT and cerebral IS. Echocardiographic EFT was significantly correlated with NLR. NLR and echocardiographic EFT represent inexpensive and readily available clinical markers that maybe useful in estimating risk of IS.Öğe Effects of Ecballium elaterium on brain in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Arslan, Demet; Ekinci, Aysun; Arici, Akgul; Bozdemir, Eda; Akil, Esref; Ozdemir, Hasan HuseyinDespite recent advances in antibiotic therapy, sepsis remains a major clinical challenge in intensive care units. Here we examined the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Ecballium elaterium (EE) on brain, and explored its therapeutic potential in an animal model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) [induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)]. Thirty rats were divided into three groups of 10 each: control, sepsis, and treatment. Rats were subjected to CLP except for the control group, which underwent laparatomy only. The treatment group received 2.5 mg/kg EE while the sepsis group was administered by saline. Twenty-four hours after laparotomy, animals were sacrificied and the brains were removed. Brain homogenates were prepared to assess interleukin 1beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS). Brain tissue sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to semi-quantitatively examine the histopathologic changes such as neuron degeneration, pericellular/perivascular edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the cerebral cortex. We found a statistically significant reduction in brain tissue homogenate levels of TNF-a 59.5 +/- 8.4/50.2 +/- 6.2 (p = 0.007) and TOS 99.3 +/- 16.9/82.3 +/- 7.8 (p = 0.01) in rats treated with EE; although interleukin 6 levels were increased in the treatment group compared to the sepsis group, this was not statistically significant. Neuronal damage (p = 0.00), pericellular/perivascular edema and inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.001) were also significantly lower in the treatment group compared to those in the sepsis group. These data suggest that Ecballium elaterium contains some components that exert protective effects against SAE in part by attenuating accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which may be important contributors to its anti-inflammatory effects during sepsis.Öğe The effects of needle deformation during lumbar puncture(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2015) Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Demir, Caner F.; Varol, Sefer; Arslan, Demet; Yildiz, Mustafa; Akil, EsrefObjective: The aim of this study is to assess deformation of the tip and deflection from the axis of 22-gauge Quincke needles when they are used for diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP). Thus, it can be determined whether constructional alterations of needles are important for predicting clinical problems after diagnostic LP. Materials and Methods: The 22-gauge Quincke needles used for diagnostic LP were evaluated. A specially designed protractor was used for measurement and evaluation. Waist circumference was measured in each patient. Patients were questioned about headaches occurring after LP. Results: A total of 115 Quincke-type spinal needles used in 113 patients were evaluated. No deflection was detected in 38 (33.1%) of the needles. Deflection between 0.1 degrees and 5 degrees occurred in 43 (37.3%) of the needles and deflection >= 5.1 degrees occurred in 34 patients (29.6%). Forty-seven (41.5%) patients experienced post lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) and 13 (11.5%) patients experienced intracranial hypotension (IH). No statistically significant correlation between the degree of deflection and headache was found (P > 0.05). Epidural blood patch was performed for three patients. Deformity in the form of bending like a hook occurred in seven needles and IH occurred in six patients using these needles. Two of the needles used in three patients requiring blood patch were found to be bent. Conclusion: Deformation of needles may increase complications after LP. Needle deformation may lead to IH. In case of deterioration in the structure of the needle, termination of the puncture procedure and the use of a new needle could reduce undesirable clinical consequences, especially IH.Öğe Evaluation of the effects of group psychotherapy on cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis with cognitive dysfunction and depression(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2015) Bilgi, Emine; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Bingol, Ayhan; Bulut, SerpilObjective: This study will evaluate how decreasing depression severity via group psychotherapy affects the cognitive function of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are also diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction. Method: MS patients completed the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The group members diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction underwent group psychotherapy for 3 months. Upon completion of psychotherapy, both tests were readministered. Results: Depression and cognitive dysfunction were comorbid in 15 (13.9%) of patients. Although improvement was detected at the end of the 3-month group psychotherapy intervention, it was limited to the BDI and the Paced Auditory Test. Conclusion: Group psychotherapy might decrease cognitive impairment in MS patients.Öğe Evaluation of the efficacy of sodium valproate in convulsive status epilepticus following to ischemic stroke(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2015) Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Mungen, Bulent; Ilhan, SelcukObjective: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is very rarely observed after ischaemic stroke. Sodium valproate (SV) is one of the agents used in the treatment of CSE, but its role still controversial, and its degree of efficacy in treating CSE that develops following stroke is unclear. Method: We evaluated 19 patients who were treated with intravenous (IV) SV (20 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg/h-12h) after diazepam. Patients' modified Rankin scores (mRS), SE types, and changes in biochemical parameters after treatment were assessed. Results: CSE was successfully treated in 12 (63.15%) patients. Side effects such as hypotension and allergic reactions were observed in two patients. Refractory SE development was observed in 5 (29.4%) patients with high mRS (>3). No significant deterioration in patients' laboratory evaluations, conducted before and after status, was observed. Conclusion: SV may be safe and effective in the treatment of CSE observed after ischaemic stroke, especially in patients with low mRS.Öğe Facial diplegia: etiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic evaluation(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2015) Varol, Sefer; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Akil, Esref; Arslan, Demet; Aluclu, M. Ufuk; Demir, Caner F.; Yucel, YavuzObjective: Facial diplegia (FD) is a rare neurological manifestation with diverse causes. This article aims to systematically evaluate the etiology, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of FD. Method: The study was performed retrospectively and included 17 patients with a diagnosis of FD. Results: Patients were diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) (11), Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (1), neurosarcoidosis (1), non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (1), tuberculous meningitis (1) herpes simplex reactivation (1) and idiopathic (1). In addition, two patients had developed FD during pregnancy. Conclusion: Facial diplegia is an ominous symptom with widely varying causes that requires careful investigation.Öğe The increase of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in Parkinson's disease(Springer-Verlag Italia Srl, 2015) Akil, Esref; Bulut, Aslihan; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Arslan, Demet; Aluclu, Mehmet UfukThe role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among patients with Parkinson's disease and to examine the relationship between these inflammatory markers. The cross-sectional design includes 51 patients with Parkinson's disease and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We investigated the differences in hs-CRP, CEA, and NLR levels between these two groups. CEA was significantly higher in PD patients relative to the control group (mean 2.40 +/- A 1.51 vs. 1.72 +/- A 0.87 (ng/mL), respectively; p = 0.015). Mean NLR was significantly higher in PD patients relative to the control group (mean 3.1 +/- A 1.3 vs. 2.1 +/- A 0.32, respectively; p < 0.001). Serum level of hs-CRP was higher in PD patients than in control group (mean 1.04 +/- A 0.62 and 0.54 +/- A 0.31, respectively; p < 0.01). Correlation analysis revealed significant correlation between hs-CRP, CEA, and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates for the first time the association between CEA, hs-CRP, NLR, and PD. We found CEA, hs-CRP, and NLR levels to be significantly higher in the PD patients than in the normal controls.Öğe Insecticide imidacloprid influences cognitive functions and alters learning performance and related gene expression in a rat model(Wiley, 2015) Kara, Murat; Yumrutas, Onder; Demir, Caner F.; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Bozgeyik, Ibrahim; Coskun, Salih; Eraslan, ErsenThe potential toxic effects of several pesticides, including imidacloprid on non-target organisms have not been clearly established. Also, the chronic effects of non-toxic doses on cognitive function in mammals are unknown. In this study, the effects of different doses of imidacloprid on learning and memory of infant and adult rats were evaluated, and the expressions of genes synthesizing proteins known to be associated with learning in brain tissues were also documented. 0.5, 2 and 8 mg/kg doses of imidacloprid were administered to newborn infant and adult Wistar albino rats by gavage. Their learning activities were evaluated, and the expression levels of the inotropic glutamate receptor GRIN1, synoptophysin, growth-associated protein 43 and the muscarinic receptor M1 in hippocampus were determined by real-time PCR method. Learning activities were diminished significantly at 2 and 8 mg/kg doses in the infant model groups and at 8 mg/kg dose in adult rats. Also, expression levels of GRIN1, SYP and GAP-43 were found to be insignificantly altered. Only the expression of M1 were significantly changed in high doses of adult group. Thus imidacloprid in high doses causes deterioration in cognitive functions particularly in infant rats, and this deterioration may be associated with changes in the expressions of related genes.Öğe Investigation of PON1 activity and MDA levels in patients with epilepsy not receiving antiepileptic treatment(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2016) Donmezdil, Nilufer; Cevik, Mehmet Ugur; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Tasin, MuhteremPurpose: There are many studies dedicated to researching the etiopathogenesis of epilepsy. In such research, oxidative and antioxidant indicators of etiopathogenesis have also been examined under the scope. Drawing on a group of patients with epilepsy who were receiving no treatment, we have tried to evaluate whether or not an increase in oxidative indicators is linked directly with the disorder, independent of epileptic medicaments. Methods: Thirty people in good health and 30 newly diagnosed with epilepsy and who received ambulatory treatment in the polyclinic of the Neurology Department took part in the study. The tests relating to serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity were carried out in the biochemistry laboratory. Results: Even though the levels of MDA in the patient group (14.34 +/- 3.59 nmol/mL) were found to be high compared to those of the control group, which consisted of people in good health (13.53 +/- 3.56 nmol/mL), there was no statistically significant difference. PON1 activity in the serum taken from people in the patient group (0.65 +/- 0.17) was lower in comparison to that observed in the serum of the control group (0.71 +/- 0.17 U/L). Nonetheless, it was not so low as to have significance from a statistical point of view. Conclusion: We conclude that such a high level of oxidative parameters should have been related to the disease and that statistically significant findings that emerged in some other studies could have been related to an antiepileptic treatment.Öğe THE PLASMA LEVEL OF PARATHORMON AND HOMOCYSTEINE IN MIGRAINE PATIENTS; ANOTHER ASPECT ON MIGRAINE-STROKE ASSOCIATON(Carbone Editore, 2015) Varol, Sefer; Akil, Esref; Yunce, Muharrem; Kaplan, Brahim; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Arslan, Demet; Yilmaz, AhmetThe pathogenesis of migraine has been well studied and it is associated with oxidative stress, neurogenic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have focused on the impact of the parathormone (PTH) and homocysteine levels in migrane patients. To determine migraine-stroke association, our study focused on the levels of PTH and homocysteine in the blood of migraine patients. Fifty five migraine patients in the presence or absence of aura were included. The patients in the migraine group were divided into subgroups: (I) migraine in the attack period (with and without aura) (n = 23), and (II) migraine in the interictal period (with and without aura) (n = 32). As a control, 30 healthy volunteers were also enrolled in the study. As a result, we found that PTH and homocysteine levels of the migraine patients were increased significantly when compared with healthy volunteers (p = 0.001). The PTH and homocysteine levels of the patients with aura were higher than patients without aura in the migraine group (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between PTHIhomocysteine levels and migraine duration or migraine attack frequency (p > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between PTH and homocysteine levels in the migraine patients (p = 0.001, r = 0.49). To summarize, we found statistically significant increases in PTH and homocysteine blood levels of migraine patients versus healthy volunteers. These results may help to understand the pathogenesis of migraine ischemia, and potentially identify new prognostic markers for this condition.Öğe Protective effects of L-glutamine against toxicity of deltamethrin in the cerebral tissue(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2016) Varol, Sefer; Ozdemir, Hasan Huseyin; Cevik, Mehmet Ugur; Altun, Yasar; Ibiloglu, Ibrahim; Ekinci, Aysun; Ibiloglu, Aslihan OkanBackground: Deltamethrin (DLM) is a broad-spectrum synthetic dibromo-pyrethroid pesticide that is widely used for agricultural and veterinary purposes. However, human exposure to the pesticide leads to neurotoxicity. Glutamine is one of the principal, free intracellular amino acids and may also be an antioxidant. This study was undertaken in order to examine the neuroprotective and antioxidant potential of L-glutamine against DLM toxicity in female Wistar albino rats. Materials and methods: The rats were divided into the following groups (n=10): Group I: control (distilled water; 10 mL/kg, po one dose), Group II: L-glutamine (1.5 g/kg, po one dose), Group III: DLM (35 mg/kg, po one dose), and Group IV: DLM (35 mg/kg, po one dose) and L-glutamine (1.5 g/kg, po one dose after 4 hours). Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-6 levels and apoptosis were evaluated in brain tissue. Results: DLM-treated animals had a significant increase in brain biochemical parameters, as well as TOS and TAS. Furthermore, the histopathological examination showed neuronal cell degeneration in the cerebral tissue. L-Glutamine treatment decreased the elevated brain levels of TOS and neuronal cell degeneration. There was no difference in tumor necrosis factor-a, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 levels between the groups. Conclusion: L-Glutamine may reduce the toxic effects of DLM in the cerebral tissue through antioxidant properties.
