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    The Evaluation of HBV, HCV, HIV and Syphilis Screening Test Results of Police School Students
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2010) Kalayci, Raike; Ozbek, Erdal; Temiz, Hakan; Muratoglu, Sabahattin; Celen, Mustafa Kemal
    In the current study, the evaluation of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV 1-2 and non-treponemal syphilis test results of police school students who admitted to our hospital for routine health controls was aimed. HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV tests were examined using microparticle ELISA method and syphilis screening tests were performed by immunochromatographic assay. Anti HDV antibodies were examined by microELISA and HBV DNA was detected by Real Time PCR method in serumsamples reactive for HBsAg. Four thousand twenty- two male students were included in the present study. HBsAg was found to be positive in 11 (2.61%) students and their serum samples were examined with respect to anti-HDV and HBV DNA; however, no positive results were established. Moreover, no Anti-HCV, anti-HIV and syphilis were detected in these serum samples. In conclusion, in order to decrease risk for infection in a society, a great importance should be given for HBV vaccination programmes and screening tests should be performed regularly.
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    Investigation of Precore/Core Mutation of Hepatitis B Virus with Line Probe Immune Assay Method
    (Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2021) Ozbek, Erdal; Temiz, Hakan; Ozcan, Nida; Ozekinci, Tuncer
    OBJECTIVE: The expression of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is reduced or totally inhibited as a result of mutations in the precore/core region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, but its clinical significance has not been yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate precore/core mutation in serum samples of patients followed with a chronic hepatitis B infection diagnosis and whose HBeAg was found to be negative on ELISA test. STUDY DESIGN: Among the chronic hepatitis B pa-tients followed in our hospital, serum samples of 111 patients with HBeAg negative were included in the study. In the serums of the patients whose HBV DNA were found positive with real-time PCR assay were investigated ''precore, core mutations with the INNO-LiPA method. RESULTS: HBV DNA was detected as positive in 93 serum samples. In 42 of those 93 (45.2%) serums, pre- core/core mutations were detected. Isolated precore mu-tation in 12 cases (12.9%), isolated core mutation in 9 cases (9.7%), and both precore and core mutations in 21 cases (22.6%) were found. CONCLUSION: Mutant strains may play an important role in becoming chronic, hepato-carcinogenesis, and in the development of fulminant hepatitis or asymptomatic course. Until valid results are obtained revealing the otherwise, it must be kept in mind that there might be a risk factor of the nucleotide changes in the core re-gion associated with the activation of hepatitis B.
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    Neonatal Meningitis Caused by Actinomyces: A Case Report of the Most Probably New Strain
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2017) Ipek, Mehmet Sah; Ozbek, Erdal; Guldemir, Dilek; Akpolat, Nezahat
    Over the past three decades, the detection and identification of the Actinomyces spp. in clinical microbiology laboratories, in addition to their recognition as pathogens in clinical settings, have proven challenging. A case of a preterm neonate who was diagnosed with meningitis caused by the Actinomyces spp. during application of a ventricular puncture for the treatment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus was presented. PCR tests showed that the neonate's strain exhibited 98.26% 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequence similarity with the Actinomyces oris strain (ATCC 27044). The GenBank accession number for the nucleotide sequence is Actinomyces KX026867. This case report provides evidence that the Actinomyces spp. should be considered as a potential pathogen of neonatal meningitis, even if the strain is rarely isolated, phenotypically aberrant, and has often been poorly described.
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    Phenotypical examination of the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus isolates
    (Academic Journals, 2012) Ozbek, Erdal; Temiz, Hakan; Tekay, Fikret; Kalayci, Raike; Akkoc, Hasan
    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics of the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) strains isolated from various clinical samples in our hospital. The study was conducted on 516 Staphylococcus isolates isolated from various clinical samples in Microbiology Laboratory of Diyarbakir State Hospital between January, 2009 and December, 2009. After the identification of microorganisms via conventional methods and the evaluation of their methicillin resistance profile, disk approximation test was performed using erythromycin (15 mu g) and clindamycin (2 mu g) disks in order to determine MLSB resistance phenotypes. Of 516 Staphylococcus isolates, 208 were determined to be S. aureus and 308 were CNS. The MLSB resistance of isolates was 56.2%, whereas the resistance due to the efflux pump was determined to be 3.5%. The MLSB resistance phenotype was determined in 38% of S. aureus strains and 68.5% of CNS strains. The presence of MLSB resistance was determined to be higher in methicillin-resistant group (74.7%) compared to the methicillin-susceptible group (23.9%). While constitutive MLSB resistance (cMLS(B)) and inducible MLSB resistance (iMLS(B)) were determined in 48.9 and 19.1% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, respectively, these rates were 2.6 and 10.5% for methicillin-susceptible strains, respectively. The rate of constitutive resistance was determined to be 41.5% in methicillin resistant CNS, whereas the rate of inducible resistance was determined to be 35.9%. In methicillin-susceptible CNS group, cMLS(B) and iMLS(B) resistances were determined to be 17.6 and 23%, respectively. The cMLS(B) phenotype was more common among methicillin-resistant S. aureus and CNS group, whereas iMLS(B) phenotype was more common among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains. In conclusion, we suggest that the determination and reporting of the presence of inducible resistance is of great importance regarding the success of therapy; therefore, it would be beneficial to use D test in routine antibiogram studies.
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    Two Consecutive Outbreaks of Foodborne Gastroenteritis Caused by Salmonella Enteritidis in Turkey
    (Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2011) Dorman, Vedat; Aslan, Selda; Gulsun, Serda; Kubat, Namik Kemal; Cevrim, Ugur; Yasar, Ekrem; Ozbek, Erdal
    Objective: We report two foodborne outbreaks caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis occurred in four youth hostels and two private schools in Diyarbakir, Turkey to identify the involving pathogen(s) in the possible source of infection, to control and to prevent further of the outbreaks. Material and Methods: An outbreak survey was conducted and food items, water supply, work surface samples and stool cultures were analyzed. Results: Out of 346 persons, a questionnaire was administered to 208 persons, 117 affected ill and 91 control healthy persons, to describe the illness and to identify its likely source. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis was isolated from 51 stool cultures and also samples of chicken and potatoes meals in the first outbreak and samples of green salad in the second outbreak. Conclusion: In this study, we described how we identified the sources of both outbreaks and how we managed it with a case control study.