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    Evaluating the Performance of Rotary and Tine Inter-Row Cultivators at Different Working Speeds
    (Tarbiat Modares Univ, 2021) Gursoy, S.; Ozaslan, C.
    An effective inter-row cultivator must destroy the weeds in the inter-row close to crop area without damaging the plants on the rows. Therefore, it is important to understand the soil disturbance of inter-row cultivation tools for optimizing the design and the use of inter-row cultivators. In this study, the performance of two different inter-row cultivators (the rotary inter-row cultivator and the tine inter-row cultivator) was investigated at three different working speeds (3.52, 6.11 and 7.82 km h(-1)) and at a working depth of 70 mm under corn planted field conditions. The performance indicators of inter-row cultivators included the soil burial Depth on crop (D), the unaffected strip Width around crop row (W), the Weeding efficiency (We), and the Damaged Plant ratio (D-P). The results of the study indicated that the rotary inter-row cultivator could be operated at 6.11 km h(-1) due to acceptable soil movement and low crop damage. However, the tine inter-row cultivator resulted in unacceptable soil movement and crop damage at 6.11 and 7.82 km h(-1) working speeds.
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    New Host Plants of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Turkey
    (Univ Namik Kemal, 2015) Bayram, Y.; Buyuk, M.; Ozaslan, C.; Bektas, O.; Bayram, N.; Mutlu, C.; Ates, E.
    Surveys for determining alternative host plants of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey were carried out in open fields of tomato growing areas between the years of 2011 and 2012. Plants of four different families including Solanacaeae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae and Poaceae have been identified as host plants. From cultivated members of the Solanaceae family; Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato), Solanum melongena L. (aubergine), and Capsicum annuum L. (pepper), uncultivated Solanaceae; Solanum nigrum L., (black nightshade), S. woronowii Pojark. and Physalis angulata L. (cutleaf groundcherry), from the other non-cultivated weeds around tomato fields Amaranthus viridis L. (slender amaranth), belonging to the Amaranthaceae, Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) (johnson grass) belonging to Poaceae and Xanthium strumarium L. (coclebur) belonging to Asteraceae family were detected as host plants of T. absoluta. Among them, S. woronowii, P. angulata, X. strumarium, A. viridis and S. halepense are the first records as hosts of T. absoluta in Turkey.
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    WEED FLORA OF CITRUS ORCHARDS AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS DISTRIBUTION IN WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY
    (Univ Federal Vicosa, 2018) Onen, H.; Akdeniz, M.; Farooq, S.; Hussain, M.; Ozaslan, C.
    Citrus is an important export commodity, mostly grown on Mediterranean and Aegean coasts of Turkey. Weeds are hidden foes impairing citrus productivity. Limited knowledge of weed distribution and factors affecting the distribution are among major hurdles in successful weed management. In this study, weed flora of citrus orchards and factors affecting its distributions in Mugla province of Turkey were determined. Sixty orchards were surveyed in spring and autumn seasons of 2010 and 2011. Data relating to frequency, coverage and density of weed species were recorded. Soil samples (0-30 cm depth) were collected and analyzed for physicochemical properties. Climatic variables, altitude and soil properties were correlated with weed flora. Sixty-eight weed species belonging to 30 families were documented. Higher number of weed species (54) was recorded in spring season compared with autumn (29 weed species). Annuals and therophytes were the most dominant growth and life forms, respectively. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to correlate soil properties and weed vegetation data yielded three distinct groups dominated by phosphorus, sand and silt contents, which affected weed distribution. CCA to correlate vegetation data and weather attributes produced two distinct groups affected by altitude and precipitation. Generally, cosmopolitan weeds adapted to different ecosystems were observed during the survey. Keeping in view the spatial variability of soil and nature of weeds, site-specific/orchard-specific weed management practices are recommended to be opted for successful weed management.