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Öğe The effect of microwave on the cellular differentiation bacillus subtilis yb 886 and rec derivatives yb 886 a4(2004) Otludil, Birol; Otludil, Birgül; Tolan, Veysel; Akbayın, HasanThis study was carried out to investigate effects of microwave irradiation on cell differentiation and SOS repair system in Bacillus subtilis rec+ YB 886 and rec derivatives YB 886 rec A4. Amount of a specific protein that shynthesed during DNA damage by SOS repair system and binding to din C promoter region increased by microwave irradiation in rec+ bacteria. More increasing were determined in amount of the specific protein during Ultraviolet treatment. If amount of DNA, protein and RNA are taken into consideration, it has observed that amount of DNA decreased (P>0.05) but not statically significant, amount of protein decreased (p<0.05) and a little increasing, (P>0.05) in amount of RNA may be due to structural deformation.Öğe Effects of sub-lethal exposure of cadmium on histopathology of gills of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus and the mitigating effects of Cladophora glomerata(Erdoğan ÇİÇEK, 2017) Otludil, Birgül; Akın, Hülya Karadede; Ünlü, ErhanIn this study, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus kept in the medium with or without green algae, Cladophora glomerata was exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.1 mg/l and 1 mg/l Cd+2. At the end of 15 and 30 day periods, fish gills were removed to investigate histolopathological alterations by light microscopy. As a result of cadmium application; in the gills, changes were observed such as curling and fusion in secondary lamellae, epithelial hypertrophy, epithelial hyperplasia, pillar cell breakage, edema, swelling, aneurysm, necrosis and increased mucus secretion. The severity of the alterations resulting from cadmium increased with dose-time dependent. Histopathologic effects were observed to be lighter in the groups contained algae. This suggests that algae-like organisms in the environment accumulate some of the cadmium in their bodies, causing fish to be less affected.Öğe Histopathological effects in tissues of snail Lymnaea stagnalis (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) exposed to subletha concentration of Thiodan® and recovery after exposure(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2005) Ünlü, Erhan; Cengiz, Elif I.; Yıldırım, Mehmet Z.; Otludil, Birgül; Ünver, Özkan; 0000-0001-5453-6140; 0000-0002-6752-498XHistopathological alterations induced by Thiodan (R) in three tissues, namely, digestive gland, foot and mantle, of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis were investigated. Specimens of Lymnaea stagnalis were exposed to 0.36% and 0.72% Thiodan (R) 35 EC, a commercial grade of endosulfan, for 96 h followed by a recovery period of 30 days. Thiodan (R) caused significant dose dependent histopathological changes in all the tissues of the snail. Irreversible necrotic changes occurred in the digestive gland of the snail following Thiodan (R) exposure. Degenerative changes in the muscle fiber of the foot, protein and pigment cells of the foot and the connective tissue element of the mantle were recovered after 30 days of recovery of the snail in pesticide-free freshwater. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Histopathological effects of Thiodan® on the freshwater snail, Galba truncatula (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2005) Cengiz, Elif I.; Yıldırım, Mehmet Z.; Otludil, Birgül; Ünlü, ErhanHistopathological alterations in three tissues, namely, digestive gland, foot and mantle of the freshwater snail Galba truncatula induced by Thiodan (R) 35 EC, a commercial preparation of endosulfan, were studied in the laboratory. The snails were exposed to five sublethal concentrations of Thiodan (R), two of them higher concentrations at 0.33% and 0.65% in glass jars for short-term exposure (96 h) and three of them lower concentrations at 0.08%, 0.16% and 0.27% for long-term exposure (10, 20 and 30 days). Thiodan (R) caused significant histopathological changes in the tissues of the snail, irrespective of the concentration of the pesticide and its exposure period. The histopathological changes included accumulation of amoebocytes in the hemolymphatic spaces between the tubules of the digestive gland, exudation in the lumen of tubules, expansion of hemolymphatic spaces between the tubules and increase of vacuolation and necrotic changes in the digestive cells. Disruption of columnar muscle fibers and alteration of epithelial layers were detected in the foot and mantle of the treated specimens. The number and size of mucous and protein cells in the foot and mantle also changed.Öğe Kadmiyuma maruz bırakılan lymnaea stagnalis’in ovotestis dokularındaki histolojik değişiklikler(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2020) Otludil, BirgülBu çalışmada tatlı su salyangozu Lymnaea stagnalis, kadmiyumun sublethal konsantrasyonlarına (7.92 µg/L, 15.85 µg/L, 31.7 µg/L and 63.4 µg/L) maruz bırakıldı. Deneyde 7, 14, 21 ve 28 günlük periyotlar sonunda L. stagnalis ovotestisleri alınarak histolojik preparatları hazırlandı. Kadmiyumun farklı konsantrasyonlarında ovotestislerde meydana gelen histopatolojik değişiklikler ışık mikroskobunda incelendi. Kadmiyum uygulaması sonucunda; ovotestislerde, oosit çevrelerinde vakuolleşme, spermatozoon sayısında azalma, spermatozoon ve yumurta hücrelerinde dejenerasyon, asinus hücrelerinde dejeneratif nekroz gibi değişiklikler gözlendi. Ovotestislerde lezyonların şiddeti artan kadmiyum konsantrasyonuna ve kadmiyuma maruz kalma süresine bağlı olarak paralel artış gösterdi.Öğe Yeşil alg cladophora glomerata mevcudiyetinde, kadmiuma maruz bırakılan nil tilapiası, oreochromis niloticus’un karaciğer dokularındaki histolojik değişiklikler(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2017) Otludil, Birgül; Akın, Hülya KaradedeNil tilapiası, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), Cladophora glomerata (L) Kutz (Chlorophyta)’nın bulunup bulunmadığı ortamlarda kadmiyumun (0,1 mg/l ve 1 mg/l) sublethal konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakıldı. 15 ve 30 günlük periyotlar sonunda Oreochromis niloticus karaciğerleri alınarak histolojik preparatları hazırlandı. Kadmiyumun farklı konsantrasyonlarında karaciğerlerde meydana gelen histopatolojik değişiklikler ışık mikroskobunda incelendi. Kadmiyum uygulaması sonucunda; karaciğer dokusunda, sinüzoidal bölgelerde dilatasyon, kan damarlarında ve sinüzoidlerde konjesyon, hepatositlerde hipertrofi, hiyalin damlacıkları akümülasyonu, parankim dejenerasyonu ve lipid vakuolasyonu gibi değişiklikler gözlendi. Ayrıca subkapsüler ve dağınık fokal nekroz görüldü. Karaciğerlerde lezyonların şiddeti artan kadmiyum konsantrasyonuna ve zamana bağlı olarak artış gösterdi.
