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    Effect of chronic low-intensity microwave radiation on sperm count, sperm morphology, and testicular and epididymal tissues of rats
    (Marcel Dekker Inc, 1999) Akdag, MZ; Çelik, MS; Ketani, A; Nergiz, Y; Deniz, M; Dasdag, S
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic microwave exposure on sperm count, sperm morphology, and the morphology of rat testis and epididymes. Continuous wave microwave radiation (9450 MHz) specific absorption rate 1.80 W/kg and power density 2.65 mW/cm(2), was administered for 1 h a day for 13, 26, 39, and 52 days, which corresponded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 cycles of seminiferous epithelium, in mature male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were sacrificed under Ketalar anesthesia the day after exposure. Then epididymal sperm count, sperm morphology, and the weights of testis, epididymes, seminal vesicles, and prostate were determined. Histologic examinations of testis and epididymes were performed. The parameters were compared with sham groups. Epididymal sperm count decreased significantly only in the 52-day exposure group (p < 0.05). The percentage of abnormal sperm count changed significantly in the 26-, 39-, and 52-day exposure groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.001, respectively). The weights of testis and epididymes also changed significantly in the 26-, 39-, and 52-day exposure groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). Necrotic tubules, interstitial edema, perforated and necrotic tubules, decrease of spermatogenesis, and absent germinal epithelium in some tubules were observed in the exposed rat testes. In addition, we observed atrophy, interstitial edema, mononuclear cell infiltration, and increased fibroblastic activity in the exposed rat epididymes. We concluded that epididymal sperm count and morphology and weight and morphology of testis and epididymes were affected by chronic prolonged microwave exposure. The incidence of symptoms mentioned here depended on exposure duration.
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    The effect of microwave radiation on morphology of rat epididymidis
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 1996) Akdag, Z; Celik, S; Nergiz, Y; Ketani, MA; Dasdag, S
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    The effect of microwave radiation on morphology of rat testis
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 1996) Nergiz, Y; Akdag, Z; Celik, S; Ketani, MA; Dasdag, S
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    The effects of intracameral ropivacaine on the corneal endothelium
    (Springer Japan Kk, 2005) Cakmak, SS; Olmez, G; Nergiz, Y; Unlu, K; Soker, S
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Effects of intravitreal ropivacaine on retinal thickness and integrity in the guinea pig
    (Excerpta Medica Inc, 2005) Olmez, G; Cakmak, SS; Soker, SI; Nergiz, Y; Yildiz, F
    Background: Retrobulbar anesthesia is widely used for ocular surgery. Ocular complications are possible when retrobulbar anesthesia is accidentally injected intravitreally. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relative retinal toxicities of ropivacaine hydrochloride, a local anesthetic, using various concentrations in guinea pigs. Methods: This randomized, investigator-masked, experimental study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesiology, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. The right eyes of 18 guinea pigs were assigned to I of 3 treatment groups: 1%, 0.75%, or 0.5% ropivacaine. The right eye of each animal was injected intravitreally with 0.1 mL of 1%, 0.75%, or 0.5% ropivacaine. The left eye of each animal was injected with a balanced saline solution (control). The guinea pigs were euthanized 7 days after injection, and the retinal structures were examined using light microscopy. The total thickness of each retina was measured using an ocular micrometer. Results: No histologic abnormalities were observed in the control eyes. Retinal damage of most of the retinal section was seen in the eyes receiving study drug. The eyes injected with 0.5% ropivacaine had a generally intact appearance, with the exception of some atrophy and disorganization. Overall, the eyes injected with 1% ropivacaine had significantly more extensive retinal thinning compared with the eyes injected with 0.75% or 0.5% ropivacaine (both, P < 0.01). In the eyes injected with 0.75% or 1% ropivacaine, disorganization of the structure of the retinal layers and atrophy were noted on histopathology. The mean total thicknesses of the retina were significantly less in all ropivacaine-treated eyes compared with that in the controls (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this small experimental study, ropivacaine had concentration dependent toxic effects on guinea pig retinas.
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    The effects of valproic acid, vitamin E and folic acid on ribs of rat fetuses in the prenatal period
    (Elsevier Gmbh, 2006) Baran, Ö; Nergiz, Y; Tuncer, MC
    The present study was undertaken to determine histopathologic differences in the ribs of Wistar-albino rat fetuses prenatally exposed to valproic acid (VPA), folic acid (FA) and vitamin E (Vit E), and to compare their differential developmental susceptibility and morphological association with skeletal anomalies. VPA (300mg/kg), FA (300mg/kg) and Vit E (250mg/kg) were administered to rats on each of gestation days (GD) 7-9. Fetuses were collected on GD 21 and their ribs were examined for malformations. The fetuses were divided into four groups: blind-trial group, VPA group (vpa), VPA and Vit E group (vpa+vit e), valproic and FA group (vpa+fa). In each group; drug procedure, surgical procedure and histological methods were performed. Later, weights and lengths of fetuses in each group were compared and analyzed by one-way Anova test. As a result, malformations in fetuses were determined and photographed by Nikon SMZ-2 steromicroscopy, using 2 x objective. Administration of single doses of VPA (300 mg/kg) resulted in weight and length loss between blind-trial and vpa group. However, length and weight differences between the other groups were not significant. The objective of the present study is to analyze morphological and histopathologic changes which may occur in a high-risk experimental model after the administration of VPA. In addition, protective roles of the administration of FA and Vit E are assessed. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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    Immunohistochemical analysis of CD31, CD36, and CD44 antigens in human omentum
    (Saudi Med J, 2004) Yildirim, A; Akkus, M; Nergiz, Y; Yuruker, S
    Objective: Milky spots in the human omental tissue are known to be consisting of lymphocytes, macrophages and mast cells. Our goal was to evaluate the relationship of lymphoid cells and macrophages with vasculature and stromal components. Methods: In this study we examined the biopsy specimens obtained from the adult patients whom were operated for different purposes in the General Surgery Department of Dicle University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. We used CD31 as an endothelial cell marker, CD36 which is known to react with microvascular endothelium and adipocytes, and CD44 which is a hyaluronic acid receptor using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Results: We observed that CD31 was mainly reactive with vascular endothelial cells and platelets, CD36 was reactive with microvascular endothelium and adipocytes and CD44 was mainly expressed by the endothelial cells of high endothelial venules, fibroblasts in stromal compartments and by large mononuclear cells. Conclusion: We determined the structural and immunophenotypic features of omental lymphoid tissue components stressing vascular and stromal elements, and we briefly discussed the significance of the expression of these molecules in the determined locations.
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    Impression cytology, tear film break up, and Schirmer test in patients with inactive trachoma
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 1997) Aksunger, A; Unlu, K; Karakas, N; Nergiz, Y; Celik, Y
    Schirmer I and tear film break up time (BUT) tests were used to determine cytological changes and conjunctival surface epithelial morphology was investigated using impression cytology in patients with inactive trachoma; patients with mild and severe scarring, and control subjects, were compared. Schirmer I, BUT, and goblet cell populations were significantly lower whereas the grade of squamous metaplasia was significantly higher in patients with inactive trachoma. There was a close correlation between our findings and the clinical severity of trachoma. (C) 1997 Japanese Ophthalmological Society.
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    Intravesical oxybutynin application: Ultrastructural effects on bladder epithelium.
    (Mbr Press Inc, 1999) Ersay, A; Ketani, MA; Nergiz, Y; Demirtas, OC; Akkus, M; Otludil, B
    Intravesically applied oxybutynin, rapidly absorbs into the bloodstream, additional to profound local effect. Currently morphologic effects of oxybutynin on local bladder tissue relatively well established at light microscopic level, but not ultrastructural level. Thirty New Zealand White female rabbits were catheterized daily and intravesical instillation were performed with whether 1mg/kg oxybutynin solution or saline for 30 days. The local effects of the drug on bladder epithelium at electron microscopic level were examined comparing with saline administration. Urinary tract infection (UTI) incidence were similar in both saline and oxybutynin groups (9 vs. 10 of 15 animals respectively) (p>0.05). Interestingly, in 4 of 5 animals that received oxybutynin and never had UTI during the study, separation of zonula occludens intercellular junction was determinated by Jeol electron microscope. This observation can explain rapid absorption of oxybutynin through the bladder into the blood stream. Oxybutynin can damage bladder surface epithelium at ultrastructural level. This effect may lead to increase absorption of it, but not result in higher incidence of bacterial infection.
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    Potentiation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by allopurinol
    (Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2000) Erdinç, M; Erdinç, L; Nergiz, Y; Isik, B
    Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent used against various human malignancies. However, it induces nephrotoxicity, a severe side effect in which oxygen free radicals have been implicated to play an important role. The effect of allopurinol (Allp) given in a dose of 50 mg/kg su:,cutaneously (sc) for five days was examined on induced nephrotoxicity by a single dose of 5 mg/kg CDDP intraperitoneally (ip) in male wistar rats. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were found significantly higher in the group given both Allp and CDDP than in the group given CDDP alone, p < 0.001, rind histopathological examination showed more excessive degree of proximal tubular necrosis in the kidneys of animals given CDDP plus Allp than in those treated with CDDP alone. Increased renal lipid peroxidation, p < 0.001 associated with these pathological alterations suggested that oxidative stress may be involved in the potential:ion of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by Allp.
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    Reconstruction techniques in renal injury
    (Saudi Med J, 2005) Akay, AF; Sahin, H; Nergiz, Y; Aflay, U; Bircan, MK
    Objective: Kidney repair reconstruction techniques are controversial. The conventional technique is suturing, but this is usually with further loss of viable tissue as it promotes scaring. In this animal model, we investigated the parenchymal effect of different sutures and methods. Methods: We carried out this study in the year 2000 in the Animal Laboratory of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. We used 40 New Zealand white rabbits in this study, randomized into 5 groups. We separated the left kidney from Gerota's fascia, and performed standard lacerations with incisions 5 mm deep and 10 mm in length. We performed no reconstruction procedure in group 1, and used homeostatic collagen powder in group 2. We primarily sutured the lacerations with chromic gut (4/0) in group 3, and sutured the kidney in group 4 with polyglactin (4/0). We wrapped the kidney with a polyglactin mesh in group 5. We sacrificed 2 rabbits in each group postoperatively on day 2, 15, 45 and 90, and performed left nephrectomy for histological investigation, and assessed interstitial inflammation. Results: While group 5 established the best results, the other 4 groups had similar intermediate results. The pseudocapsule was visible macroscopically in the polyglactin mesh group. We could see mononuclear cell infiltration, dilatation of tubules, atrophy of tubules, and interstitial fibrosis in all groups except group 5. Conclusion: In this animal model, we found that the most appropriate repair material for kidney surgery was polyglactin mesh.
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