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Öğe Histopathologic and Urodynamic Effects of the Anticholinergic Drugs Oxybutynin, Tolterodine, and Trospium on the Bladder(Wiley, 2017) Orgen, Seyfettin; Deliktas, Hasan; Sahin, Hayrettin; Gedik, Abdullah; Nergis, YusufObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intravesical instillation of the anticholinergic drugs oxybutynin, tolterodine, and trospium on bladder capacity and histopathological changes in the bladder mucosa. Methods: The study included 20 male New Zealand white rabbits that were randomly allocated to four groups of five. In the oxybutynin, tolterodine, and trospium groups, the drugs used were 1 mg/kg of crushed tablet mixed with 5 mL of saline, instilled intravesically once per day for 4 weeks. The control group was administered only 5 mL of saline once per day for 4 weeks. Urodynamic measurement of the bladder was made before and after treatment. At the end of the treatment the animals were killed and the bladders were evaluated histopathologically. Results: There were no significant differences between pre- and post-treatment bladder capacity in any of the groups (P>0.05). Histopathological evaluation showed that the mucosal epithelium was intact and there was minor inflammation in the control group and oxybutynin group (P>0.05), whereas there was destruction of the mucosal epithelium and findings of diffuse inflammation in the tolterodine (P=0.014) and trospium (P=0.014) groups. Conclusion: Intravesical oxybutynin treatment was observed to be safe; however, a single daily dose of oxybutynin may not be sufficient to increase bladder capacity. Intravesical use of trospium and tolterodine at high doses caused epithelial destruction and diffuse inflammation in the bladder mucosa. The irritation associated with epithelial destruction and inflammation prevented an increase in bladder capacity.Öğe The histopathological effect of intracameral ropivacaine in different concentrations on corneal endothelium(Humana Press Inc, 2006) Caca, Ihsan; Kavak, Vatan; Uenlue, Kaan; Ari, Seyhmus; Nergis, Yusuf; Take, GuelnuerWe evaluated the histopathological changes occurring in corneal endothelium after intracameral injection ropivacaine into rats. Intracamerally administered ropivacaine in 1, 0.5, and 0.1% concentrations resulted in impairment of hexagonal structure of corneal endothelial cells and intercellular junctions, destruction of microvilli on the cell surface, roughness of cell borders, picnotic nucleus, diffuse vacuolization, and crystalysis in mitochondria.Öğe The Role of Duration of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Lung Injury: An Experimental Study Lung Injury and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy(Bilimsel Tip Publishing House, 2018) Oruc, Menduh; Esen, Bennur; Taylan, Masuk; Nergis, Yusuf; Sahin, AtalayOBJECTIVES: We aim to histopathologically analyze the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy in the lung tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 21 rabbits were divided into three groups, with each containing seven rabbits. Group 1 was the control group. Group 2 underwent HBO of 3 atmosphere absolute (ATA) for 90 min/day for 7 days. In group 3, HBO at 3 ATA was administered 90 min/day for 28 days. Oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) was determined by pulse oximetry before and after administration of HBO. Rabbits were sacrificed, and the apex of the right lung was excised. RESULTS: SpO(2) was 98-100% in all rabbits before HBO administration. After the procedure, the mean SpO(2) was 92% and 83% in groups 2 and 3, respectively. As expected, histopathologic examination in group 1 was normal. In group 2, congestion in the lung vessels, mononuclear cell infiltration in the bronchial mucosa, interstitial edema, and alveolar dilation were evident. Histopathologic examination in group 3 indicated diffuse alveolar edema, peribronchial mononuclear cell infiltration, thickening of the alveolar and vessel wall, and intraalveolar hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: There is a strict relationship between duration of HBO administration and severity of lung injury.Öğe Yumuşak kontakt lens kullanan olgularda konjonktiva sitolojisi(2004) Çakmak, Söker Sevin; Karaca, Candan; Ünlü, Kaan; Nergis, Yusuf; İpek, Sevda; Şakalar, Yıldırım BayezitAmaç: Yumuşak kontakt lens kullanan ve kontakt lens kullanımına bağlı şikayetimevcut olan ve olmayan olgularda konjonktiva epitelinde meydana gelendeğişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kliniğimiz kontakt lens biriminde yumuşak kontakt lensverilmiş, lens kullanıp periyodik kontrollere gelen 50 hasta çalışma kapsamınaalındı. Tüm olgulara; gözyaşı kırılma zamanı ve bazal Schirmer testleriuygulandıktan sonra konjonktivadan bası sitolojisi alındı. Materyaller Nelsonevrelendirme sistemine göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: %40 olguda kontakt lenskullanımına bağlı şikayet olmayıp %60 olguda ise kontakt lens kullanımına bağlı şikayet mevcuttu. Kontakt lens kullanıp şikayeti olmayan olguların goblet hücre yoğunluğu 242.3 hücre/mm² iken şikayeti olanlarda 168.7 hücre/mm² idi. Şikayeti olmayan olgular Nelson evrelendirme sistemine göre evrelendirildiğinde %44’üevre 0, %26’sı evre 1, %26’sı evre 2, %4’ü evre 3 olarak tespit edildi.Şikayeti olan olgularda ise %0’ı evre 0, %22’si evre 1, %30’u evre 2, %48’ievre 3 olarak tespit edildi. Kontakt lens kullanımına bağlı şikayeti olan veolmayan grupların evrelere göre dağılımı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu(p<0.001). Tartışma: Yumuşak kontakt lens kullanıp şikayeti olan olgulardakonjonktiva sitolojisinde meydana gelen değişimin prevalansı ve derecesioldukça büyüktür. Bununla birlikte kontakt lens kullanımına bağlı şikayetiolmayan olgularda da şiddetli sitolojik değişimler meydana gelir.
