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    Lamivudine and Adefovir Motif Variants Detected in chronic Hepatitis B patients
    (2014) Özekinci T.; Mese S.; Ozbek E.; Atmaca S.
    Background and Aims: Chronic hepatitis B is an important health problem worldwide. Lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and telbivudine are the oral drugs licensed for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Implementation of antiviral therapy leads to the emergence of mutant strains during the treatment in chronic hepatitis B. Primary antiviral resistance may be rarely encountered. The aims of this study were to detect the resistance patterns of Hepatit B Virus strains in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients Materials and Methods: A total of 147 CHB patients were included to this study which was carried on between January 2007-December 2010. HBV DNA levels were detected by using the Real time PCR (COBAS Ampli-Prep/COBAS TaqMan HBV Test). HBV-DNA was extracted from the sera of the patients by using extraction kit (Invisorb, Instant Spin DNA/RNA Virus Mini Kit, Germany). A line prob assay (Inno-Lipa HBV DR v2, Innogenetics N.V, Ghent, Belgium) was used to determine motif variants at viral polymerase gene fragment in HBVDNA samples of these patients and evaluated colorimetrically. Results. In 147 patients antiviral resistance rate was found 17% (25/147) for lamivudin, 5.44% (8/147) adefovir, 0.68%(1/147) lamivudin and adefovir. Various mutations were detected. This mutations; responsible for lamivudine resistance YMDD+YVDD (n=10), YMDD+YIDD (n=12), YIDD (n=2), YVDD (=1); responsible for adefovir resistance N236T (n=3), A181T (n=5); responsible for lamivudine and adefovir resistance YMDD+YIDD+N236T (n=1). Conclusions: As a conclusion, it is thought that drug resistance should be followed up regularly, the determination of HBV drug resistance as immediate as possible period may be instructive for the treatment and follow-up in CHB patients. Although determination of known mutations with Inno Lipa DR v2 method is disadvantage, because of ease of application and the determination of both lamivudinadefovir resistance in a short time, it can be used for the treatment and follow-up in CHB patients. © Societá Editrice Universo (SEU).
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    Seroprevalence of serum HBSAg positivity and hepatitis delta virus infection among blood donors in Southeastern Turkey
    (2014) Mese S.; Nergiz S.; Tekes S.; Gul K.
    Aims. HBV and HDV infection is still a serious health problem in Southeastern Turkey. In this study, we aim to investigate the prevalence serum HBsAg along with HDV infection among volunteer blood donors. Materials and Methods. This single centre and prospective study was performed in 6200 consecutive volunteer blood donors admitted to the Central Blood Bank of Dicle University Hospital. All adult blood donors included males and females were screened for HBsAg positivity. The positive serum samples for HBsAg were assessed for total anti-delta antibodies using the micro-ELISA method. Serum samples of anti-delta antibody positive cases were then examined for the presence of serum HDV RNA by real time, reverse transcription PCR method. Results. Six thousand two hundred adult volunteer blood donors were enrolled to the study. Of all analyzed blood donors, 6004 (96.8%) were men and 196 (3.2%) were women. Serum HBsAg positivity was found in 3% (186/6200) of 6200 blood donors. The mean age and female/ male ratio of HBsAg positive cases (n=186) were 32.85±10.04 years and 12/174, respectively. Serum anti-delta antibodies were detected in 6.98% (13/186) of HBsAg positive cases. The mean age of anti-delta antibody positive cases (n=13) was 44.5±13.61 years and female/ male ratio was 1/12. Moreover, 2 cases, (15.39%, 2/13) that were positive for anti-delta antibody, had serum HDV RNA positivity. Conclusions. It would be appropriate for HBsAg positive volunteer blood donors to be assessed regarding concurrent HDV infection as well. The magnitude of the contribution and benefi t that this screening would provide to our region, which is endemic for HDV infection, is the early diagnosis and management of this devastating disease. The real viremia in these cases can be best shown by using sensitive real time PCR method for the presence of serum HDV RNA. © Società Editrice Universo (SEU).