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    Evaluation of the Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) and amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test according to the BACTEC method in respiratory and nonrespiratory samples
    (2007) Özekinci T.; Meşe S.; Atmaca S.; Akpolat N.; Gül K.
    Aim: Tuberculosis remains a significant and threatening disease, particularly in developing countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis should be detected and identified as soon as possible to ensure the prevention of the spread of the disease. For this purpose, use of fast and reliable laboratory diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity was initiated in recent years. Materials and Methods: In this study, 107 respiratory and 198 nonrespiratory (305 in total) samples submitted to Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were examined using the Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN), BACTEC 460 TB (Becton and Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument System, Towson, MD), and MTD (Amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct Test, Gen-Probe, USA) methods. Results: In respiratory samples, sensitivity of EZN was found as 83.33%, specificity as 95.04%, positive predictive value as 50%, and negative predictive value as 98.96%, whereas in nonrespiratory samples these values were 18.18%, 98.39%, 40%, and 95.37%, respectively. In respiratory samples, sensitivity of MTD was found as 83.33%, specificity as 94.05%, positive predictive value as 45.45%, and negative predictive value as 98.95%, whereas in nonrespiratory samples these values were 54.54%, 88.23%, 21.42%, and 97.05%, respectively. Conclusions: In view of the above, the pre-diagnostic EZN test and the MTD method based on nucleic acid amplification should be applied together with the BACTEC 460 system, which is considered as a gold standard, and the evaluation should be made accordingly. Furthermore, MTD should not be used as a screening test due to its high cost, and should rather be preferred in smear-positive samples. © TÜBİTAK.
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    Öğe
    Investigation of autoantibody, anti-HCV and anti-HIV seropositivities in "anti-HBc alone" positive samples
    (2006) Meşe S.; Özekinci T.; Yilmaz Ş.; Atmaca S.; Arikan E.
    "Anti-HBc alone" which is an unusual serologic pattern of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, may be detected in the seropositive samples for hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and in the presence of autoantibodies due to cross reactions. In this study, 20 serum samples with isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, which were detected in May 2005, have been investigated by means of the presence of some autoantibodies (anti-nuclear antibody; ANA and rheumatoid factor; RF), anti-HCV and anti-HIV, in the Central Laboratory of Dicle University Medical School. All of the "anti-HBc alone" samples were negative for HBV-DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and liver enzyme (ALT and AST) levels were normal except for three patients. As a result, a total of six (30%) samples were found positive. Four of them were positive for ANA and two were positive for anti-HCV, while one serum yielded positivity for both ANA and anti-HCV. Anti-HCV positive samples were searched for the presence of HCV-RNA by real-time PCR, and none were found positive. Of three patients with increased AST and ALT levels, one was anti-HCV positive, one was ANA positive, while the other was negative for all parameters. In conclusion, possible presence of autoantibodies and anti-HCV should be taken into consideration during the evaluation of isolated anti-HBc IgG positive test results.