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    Association between metabolic indicators and clinical endometritis during the transition period in Brown Swiss cows
    (Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2021) Yazlık, Murat Onur; Çolakoglu, Hatice Esra; Pekcan, Mert; Kaya, Ufuk; Kurt, Serdal; Kuplulu, Şükrü; Kaçar, Cihan; Vural, Rıfat
    The objective of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between the serum macromineral, metabolite profiles, and the clinical endometritis during the transition period in Brown Swiss dairy cows. Sixty Brown Swiss dairy cows were used in the present study. Blood samples collected at d 10 (+/- 4) antepartum and 3, 10 and 30 (+/- 4) days in milk (DIM) to determine calcium (Ca), phosphorus, glucose, cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) concentration measured during the postpartum period. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine the cow-level thresholds for the subsequent development of clinical endometritis. In addition, pairwise comparisons were made of the area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curves for the thresholds of NEFA, Ca, and glucose predicting clinical endometritis. The mean Ca concentration at 3 DIM was 8.85 +/- 0.20 mg/dL in healthy cows compared to 8.30 +/- 0.22 mg/dL in cows that subsequently developed endometritis (P < 0.05). NEFA concentrations at 10 DIM and BHB concentration at 10 and 30 +/- 4 DIM were higher (P < 0.05) in cows that subsequently developed endometritis. Serum NEFA concentration at 10 days postpartum is the best predictor for diagnosis of clinical endometritis with the AUC values of 0.741. The cows with clinical endometritis also had significantly higher values of glucose at 3 DIM and lower BCS at 10 DIM (P < 0.05). While 58.6% of the cows that developed clinical endometritis were cyclic, 64.5% were cyclic in healthy cows at 30 +/- 4 DIM. Serum NEFA concentration was the only risk factor for clinical endometritis at 10 DIM. In addition, a decrease in serum Ca at 3 DIM and increase in NEFA and BHB concentrations at 10 and 30 +/- 4 DIM may be associated with clinical endometritis and delayed resumption activity on the ovaries.
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    Effect of different estrus synchronization protocols on estrus and pregnancy rates, oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in Hair goats
    (Elsevier, 2021) Eşki, Funda; Kurt, Serdal; Demir, Pınar Ayvazoğlu
    The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different estrus synchronization protocols, some fertility parameters and serum biochemical parameters including total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in Hair goats. The study was carried out on 150 female Hair goats during the breeding season. Goats were divided into three groups as control (n = 50), short-term (n = 50) and long-term (n = 50) groups. Control group did not receive any treatment, short-term group received intravaginal P4 (7 d) combined with GnRH (on days 0 and 9) and PGF2? (on day 7), and long-term group received intravaginal P4 (12 d) combined with pregnant mare?s serum gonadotropin (on day 12) and GnRH (on day 13). In control group, blood samples were collected at the beginning (first measurement) and 7th day (second measurement) of the study. In short-term and long-term groups, blood samples were collected at the time of sponge insertion (first measurement) and withdrawal (second measurement). Serum TAS, TOS, P4, E2, TSH levels were measured on all sampling days, and OSI was calculated. All the groups were observed for estrus behavior and those showing the signs of estrus were allowed for mating. Transrectal ultrasound examination was performed to diagnose pregnancy approximately 40 days after mating. The onset of estrus was earlier in short-term group compared to long-term group (P < 0.001). The estrus and pregnancy rates were significantly higher in short-term group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). At the time of first measurement, E2 level in short-term group and P4 level in long-term group were higher and lower than the other groups, respectively (P < 0.05). At the time of second measurement, TAS, TOS, OSI and E2 levels were significantly different in short-term group compared to control and long-term groups (P < 0.01). Additionally, P4 level in control group and TSH level in long-term group increased (P < 0.01). While TAS level in short-term group and E2 level in all groups increased from the first measurement to the second measurement, the TOS and OSI values decreased (P < 0.01). TSH level in short-term group decreased from the first measurement to the second measurement (P < 0.01), while it increased in long-term and control groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, it was obtained that synchronization protocols can affect serum TAS, TOS, E2, P4, TSH and OSI levels; and shortterm intravaginal P4 treatment combined with GnRH and PGF2? clearly improved the antioxidant defense system and increased fertility parameters in Hair goats.
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    The effect of heat stress on total oxidant capacity in hair goats
    (Veteriner Hekimler Derneği, 2021) Kurt, Serdal; Ekşi, Funda; Salar, Seçkin; Sel, Tevhide; Baştan, Ayhan
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat stress on total oxidant capacity (TOC) in hair goats of different ages grown at different altitudes in the same season. The study was carried out on 208 hair goats (25 male and 183 female) in 11 different districts of Adana province (Turkey) in the summer season. The districts were grouped as 0-99 m (Group 1), 100-500 m (Group 2) and higher than 500 m (Group 3) according to altitude characteristics, and goats were classified into two groups as under 3 years and 4 years or older. Blood samples were collected, serums harvested and stored at -20°C until TOC analysis. Heat stress was determined according to the temperature humidity index (THI). There were severe and moderate heat stress in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P<0.001). TOC was significantly lower in group 2 compared to the other groups (P<0.001). The highest TOC was measured in group 3 (P<0.001). And TOC was significantly higher in animals aged 4 and older compared to under 3 years of age (P<0.05). Although male goats were exposed to significantly higher THI than female goats (P<0.01), TOC levels were found similar in both groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, altitude, THI, age and gender had a complex effect on TOC.
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    Effect of lactation number on milk yield in Holstein dairy cows
    (2021) Kurt, Serdal; Eşki, Funda
    Objective: Aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the lactation number on milk productionand to detect the most economical lactation period in Holstein dairy cows.Materials and Methods: The animal materials of the study were 392 Holstein dairy cows with a similar dryperiod and lactation length. The cows were divided into 6 groups according to the number of lactations.The groups were formed as 1st lactation (Group 1; n=67), 2nd lactation (Group 2; n=124), 3rd lactation(Group 3; n=51), 4th lactation (Group 4; n=62), 5th lactation (Group 5; n=41) and 6th lactation (Group 6;n=47).Results: Average lactation milk yields for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th lactations of the cows used inthe study were 7860.03 kg, 9010.02 kg, 10207.15 kg, 10165.89 kg, 8430.57 kg and 8069.78 kg, respectively. Itwas determined that the highest milk production and highest daily income were obtained during the 3rdand 4th lactation periods (p<0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, milk production increased in the first three lactations, 3 and 4 lactation remainedstable and decreased in 5th and 6th lactations. But, regardless of the number of lactations during the first 6lactation periods, it is considered economical to use healthy cows for milk production in dairy farms
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    The effect of Michauxia campanuloides L'Her. on some semen parameters in Wistar Albino rats
    (Ataturk Universitesi, 2020) Koca, Recep Hakkı; Hurkul, Muhammed Mesud; Kurt, Serdal; Köroğlu, Ayşegül
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Michauxia campanuloides L'Hér. on some semen parameters in rats. The plant material of the study is Michauxia campanuloides L'Hér. having antioxidant property. The animal material of the study consisted of 18 male Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into three groups as control (C; n=6), treatment 1 (T1; n=6) and treatment 2 (T2; n=6). Lyophilized aqueous extract of M. campanuloides L'Hér. was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for rats in the T1 group and 40 mg/kg/day for rats in the T2 group for 21 days. At the end of the study, all rats were examined for blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), semen density, semen motility, abnormal spermatozoon ratio along with testicular, epididymal, seminal gland and ventral prostate weight. Semen density was significantly higher in the T2 group compared to the C and T1 groups (P=0.002). Rates of abnormal spermatozoa were significantly lower in T1 and T2 groups than the C group (P=0.003). The weight of seminal gland was significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the C group (P=0.016). In conclusion, oral consumption of M. campanuloides extract provides an increase in semen quality in rats.
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    Identification of major phenolic compounds of Aloe vera and its protective effect on ovaries under oxidative stress in diabetic rats
    (2023) Kurt, Serdal; Şeker, Uğur; Yazlık, Murat Onur; Hürkul, Muhammed Mesud; Er, Engin; Söker, Sevda
    The study investigated the major phenolic compounds of Aloe vera leaf (AVL) by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and its protective effect on ovaries under oxidative stress of streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. The study was conducted on control (untreated healthy rats; C), diabetes (untreated diabetic rats; D) and diabetes+A. vera treatment (diabetic rats treated with A. vera; D+A) groups. D+A group was given an ethanolic extract of A. vera (300 mg/kg) for 14 days. Major phenolic compounds of AVL were chlorogenic acid and rutin. alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increased in D group compared to others groups (P<0.01). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and albumin levels were lower and higher in the C group than in other groups, respectively (P<0.01). In the D group compared to other groups, oxidative stress index (OSI) and total oxidant status levels increased, while total antioxidant status level decreased in both ovarian tissues and blood (P<0.01). Preantral and antral follicle counts decreased in the D group according to other groups (P<0.01) and atretic follicle count increased (P<0.05). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression level (P<0.01), and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated-X- protein (Bax; P<0.01) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression levels (P<0.05) decreased and increased in group D according to other groups, respectively. In conclusion, treatment with AVL decreased OSI, improved follicular dynamics, and restored Bax, TNF-α and PCNA expression in diabetic rats.
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    Surgical Management of Abortion in a Rat
    (2021) Salar, Seçkin; Kurt, Serdal
    The gestation period of rats is on average 21 to 23 days. Conceptus can be detected by ultrasonography after the8?9th days of the pregnancy. The total number of fetuses per pregnancy is 1 to 20. In some cases, abortion occursdepending on many etiological factors, and it is the most common complication of pregnancy. The subject of the presentcase report was the surgical management of spontaneous abortion using inhalation anesthesia in a rat. The material of thecase report was a female albino 2?year? old rat weighing about 450 gr. The rat was admitted with vaginal bleeding andabortion in to the clinic. In anamnesis, it was reported that a pup was stillborn about three hours ago and then no otherpup was delivered. Furthermore, it was informed that there was ongoing vaginal bleeding since the last 4?5 hours. Uponphysical examination and ultrasonography, the case was diagnosed as abortion. It was decided to intervene with theabortion by surgery. The rat was premedicated subcutaneously with atropine sulphate and general anesthesia was inducedwith isoflurane through inhalation. Then, celiotomy was performed at cauda umbilicus. In total, 13 non viable fetuses wereremoved from both uterine horns. Incision wounds were sutured and the rat was evenly awakened from anesthesia anddischarged. In conclusion, surgical management of the abortion case using inhalation anesthesia was successfullyperformed on the rat.
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    Tiftik Keçilerinde Doğum Şeklinin Bazı Oksidatif Stres Belirteçleri ve Hormon Konsantrasyonları Üzerine Etkisi
    (2021) Eşki, Funda; Kurt, Serdal; Çetin, Nebi
    Güç doğum, spontan doğumun belirli bir zaman içerisinde herhangi bir müdahale olmadan gerçekleşemediği olguolarak tanımlanmaktadır. Güç doğum steroid hormon seviyesi ile ilişkili olabilmekte ve oksidatif stres üzerine etkiedebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal ve sezaryen ile doğum yapan Tiftik keçilerinde malondialdehid (MDA),süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), total glutatyonun (GSH) progesteron (P4) ve östradiol (E2)konsantrasyonlarını değerlendirmektir. Yapılan çalışmada, keçiler normal (n=10) ve sezaryen ile doğum (n=10) olmak üzere2 gruba ayrıldı. Her iki grubun kan örnekleri, doğumdan sonraki ilk yarım saat içinde jugular venadan alındı. MDA, GSH-Px,total GSH seviyelerinde gruplar arasında önemli bir farklılık (P>0.05) görülmedi. Sezaryen grubunda hem SOD (P <0.01), hemde P4 ve E2 konsantrasyonları anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (P <0.05). Sonuç olarak, sezaryen ile doğum yapan keçilerdeSOD, P4 ve E2 seviyelerinde farklılıklar gözlemlendi. P4 ve E2 konsantrasyonlarındaki farklılıkların güç doğumunetiyopatogenezinde rol alabileceği ve güç doğuma bağlı artan strese karşı mücadele için endojen bir antioksidan madde olanSOD’un üretiminin arttığı kanaatine varıldı.