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    Mobile measurement of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure level and statistical analysis
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Cansiz, Mustafa; Abbasov, Teymuraz; Kurt, Muhammed Bahattin; Celik, Ali Recai
    In this study, radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels were measured as mobile on the main streets of Diyarbakir during a week. The measurements were carried out using high precision spectrum analyzer with an isotropic antenna mounted on the top of a car. With this mobile measurement, large areas were measured in a short time and information about characteristics of electromagnetic environment was obtained quickly. Measurement results showed that measurement values were not in normal distribution and variances between independent variables were not homogeneous. According to Spearman's rho correlation coefficient, there was no strong correlation between measurement days. In terms of mean electric field values, contribution of each band to total band was arranged as UMTS DL, GSM900 DL, GSM1800 DL, TV4-5, FM, and TV3 band, respectively. It was determined that all measurement values were below the reference levels of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Radar-based microwave breast cancer detection system with a high-performance ultrawide band antipodal Vivaldi antenna
    (Türkiye Klinikleri, 2021) Özmen, Hüseyin; Kurt, Muhammed Bahattin
    In this study, a novel ultrawide band (UWB) antipodal Vivaldi antenna with three pairs of slots was designed to be used as a sensor in microwave imaging systems for breast cancer detection. The proposed antenna operates in UWB frequency range of 3.05–12.2 GHz. FR4 was used as a dielectric material and as a substrate for forming the antenna that has a compact size of 36 mm x 36 mm x 1.6 mm. Frequency and time domain performance of the proposed antenna have been investigated and results show that it meets the requirements for UWB radar applications with linear phase response, nearly constant group delay, ultrawide bandwidth, and directional properties at most of the operating frequency. Then, the capacity of the proposed antenna as a sensor was tested in a monostatic microwave breast imaging system that was developed in the CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS) simulation software. In the simulation application, 50 mm radius hemisphreical breast models with different densities were formed and 2 mm diameter spherical tumor was placed inside them. Antennas were positioned cylindrically around the breast to send Gaussian pulse and collect backscattered signals. After signal processing steps, tumors were screened at correct positions with high resolution. Finally, a monostatic radar-based breast phantom measurement system was developed to automatically scan the breast phantom in the prone position. To perform experimental measurements, an electrically and anatomically realistic homogeneous breast phantom with tumor inside was fabricated. Screening of the tumor at correct location indicates that the proposed antenna and the microwave imaging system developed using this antenna are suitable for the detection of breast cancer at the early stage.