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Öğe A Classification Tree to Identify Factors Affecting Temporomandibular Disorders(Cem TIRINK, 2021) Küçük, Ayşe Özcan; Yılmaz, Utku Nezih; Ege, Bilal; Koparal, Mahmut; Yalçın, Eda Didem; Üçkardeş, FatihTo examine the effects of stress, bruxism, malocclusion, and oral habits on the incidence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) using a classification tree method (CTM). We obtained data from a total of 1.338 patients: 669 who had TMDs and 669 who but haven’t TMDs. We recorded interview data on stress and oral habits, and during oral examination, noted malocclusions, bruxism, and any sign of poor oral habits. All data were subjected to CTM analyses. The TMD rate was highest in stressed patients (96.8%), and significantly lower in stress-free patients (25.3%) (P < 0.001). TMD was evident in all patients exhibiting both stress and bruxism (100.0%). In stressed patients lacking bruxism, the effects of malocclusion on TMD were significant (P < 0.001). CTM analyses showed that the most significant factor affecting TMD was stress, followed by bruxism and malocclusion. This is the first report to use CTM to define factors affecting TMD.Öğe Alterations in Maxillary Sinus Volume among Oral and Nasal Breathers(Int Scientific Literature, Inc, 2015) Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Gulsun, Belgin; Koparal, Mahmut; Atalay, Yusuf; Aksoy, Orhan; Adiguzel, OzkanBackground: Oral breathing causes many changes in the facial anatomical structures in adult patients. In this study we aimed to determine the effects of long-term oral breathing (>5 years) on the maxillary sinus volumes among adult male patients. Material/Methods: We accessed medical records of 586 patients who had undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for any reason between September 2013 and April 2014. Patients who had undergone cone-beam dental volumetric tomography scans for any reason and who had answered a questionnaire about breathing were screened retrospectively. Cone beam dental volumetric tomography (I-Cat, Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA) was used to take the images of the maxillo-facial area at a setting of 120 kVp and 3.7 mA. This study involved male patients older than 21 years of age. Results: The study included a total of 239 male patients, of which 68 were oral breathers and 171 were nasal breathers. The mean age of the oral breathers was 48.4 years and that of the nasal breathers was 46.7 years and the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The mean maxillary sinus volumes of the oral and nasal breathers were 9043.49 +/- 1987.90 and 10851.77 +/- 2769.37, respectively, and the difference in maxillary sinus volume between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusions: The volume of maxillary sinus in oral breathers (>5 years) was significantly lower than in nasal breathers, but it remains unclear whether this is due to malfunctioning of the nasal cavity or due to the underlying pathological condition.Öğe Asporin levels in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021) Ege, Bilal; Erdoğmuş, Zozan; Bozgeyik, Esra; Koparal, Mahmut; Kurt, Muhammed Yusuf; Gülsün, BelginBackground: Understanding the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is important for diagnosis and treatment planning. Thus, biochemical analysis is usually used for the detection of tissue damage. Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the serum asporin levels in patients with TMD. Methods: Our study was planned to be performed on 43 healthy individuals (control group) without any joint problems and 43 patients with temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ-ID; patients group) according to the Wilkes classification (stages 3, 4 and 5). Serum asporin levels were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and compared between groups. Asporin levels were analysed according to the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, and the differences between them were demonstrated. Results: Asporin levels were found to be significantly increased in the patients group compared to control group (p =.0303). The age and gender distributions of the samples in the control and patients groups were homogeneous, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In addition, while there was no significant change in asporin levels in females in the patients group compared with the control group, the asporin levels were significantly increased in males in the patients group (p =.0403). Conclusions: Consequently, asporin seems to be an important biomarker in the pathobiology of TMJ-ID as it is significantly upregulated in these patients.Öğe Assessment of Effect of Submucosal Injection of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Symptoms(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2020) Gursoytrak, Burcu; Kocaturk, Ozlem; Koparal, Mahmut; Gulsun, BelginPurpose: Embedded third molar surgery is the most frequent oral-maxillofacial surgical procedure performed. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical effect of submucosal dexmedetomidine (dex) on decreasing postoperative edema, trismus, and pain after surgical molar extraction. Materials and Methods: We carried out a double-blind, randomized, prospective study including patients undergoing surgical bilateral embedded mandibular molar extraction. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those receiving saline solution and those receiving dex. The main outcome measures of pain, facial swelling, and trismus were assessed on days 2 and 7 after surgery In addition, patients were requested to record the time rescue analgesics were taken, as well as the total number taken. The variables were analyzed using the Student t test and a repeated-measures general linear model. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 40 patients (9 women and 11 men per group; mean age, 23.40 years) undergoing surgical bilateral embedded mandibular molar extraction. On day 2, a statistically significant difference in edema was found between the groups (P = .004). On days 2 and 7, statistically significant differences in the severity of trismus were found between the groups (P = .001 and P < .001, respectively). In addition, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in visual analog scale pain scores at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours (P = .161, P = .038, P = .110, P = .136, and P = .007, respectively) and in the number of analgesic tablets taken (P < .001). Conclusions: Preoperative submucosal dex is an efficient, safe, and beneficial therapeutic strategy to decrease edema, trismus, and pain after surgical molar extraction. (C) 2019 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeonsÖğe Büyük Agresif Bir Santral Dev Hücreli Granuloma Birlikte Tedavisi (Olgu Sunumu)(2017) Koparal, Mahmut; Alan, Hilal; Gülsün, Belgin; Ağaçayak, K. Serkan; Erdoğdu, I. HalilSantral Dev Hücreli tümörler; çene tümörleri içinde kadınlarda ve mandibulada sık görülürler ve yaşamın ikinci dekatında daha sıktırlar. Tedavisinde lokal küretaj, parsiyel rezeksiyon ve total rezeksiyon uygulanabilir. Bu vaka raporunda 32 yaşında kadın hasta anterior mandibulada ağrı şikayetiyle kliniğimize başvurdu. Fiziksel muayenede servikal lenfadenopati saptanmadı. İntraorol muayenede ülserasyon saptanmadı fakat vestibül bölgede hassasiyet mevcuttu. Bununla beraber dişlerde ve dudakta his kaybı yoktu. Bu vaka raporunda 32 yaşında kadın hastada mandibula basisinde yaygın kemik kaybına neden olan santral dev hücreli tümörün parsiyel rezeksiyon ile tedavisi sunuldu.Öğe Classification Tree Method for Determining Factors Associated with Halitosis(Cem TIRINK, 2021) Koparal, Mahmut; Yılmaz, Utku Nezih; Küçük, Ayşe Özcan; Keskinrüzgar, Aydın; Üçkardeş, FatihDecision trees are data mining techniques for extracting hidden knowledge from large databases. This study was performed to establish the risk factors associated with halitosis by applying a decision tree model in a Turkish population and examining the interactions between these factors. We obtained data from a total of 1.290 patients, consisting of 645 patients with halitosis and 645 healthy controls. The subjects’ demographic characteristics, smoking status, alcohol intake, medical history and medications were assessed. The presence of potential intraoral causes of halitosis was determined by investigating perceived oral health problems such as caries, periodontal diseases, tongue coating, and oral cavity pathologies. Halitosis level was evaluated using an organoleptic scale. All data were subjected to classification tree analyses. Halitosis was significantly more common in patients with (80.9%) than without (20.7%) oral health problems (P < 0.001). Halitosis was significantly less common in non-smokers without oral health problems than in smokers with oral health problems (14.5%; P < .001). Halitosis was evident in all patients with oral health problems, smokers, and those with respiratory diseases (100%). The effects of systemic diseases on halitosis were significant in non-smokers without oral health problems (P < 0.05). Respiratory conditions showed significant effects on halitosis in smokers with oral health problems (P < 0.01). We developed a decision tree model to identify risk factors associated with halitosis. The classification tree method showed that the most significant factors affecting halitosis were oral health problems followed by smoking status.Öğe Comparison of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for managing postoperative symptoms after third-molar surgery(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier INC., 2021) Gürsoytrak, Burcu; Kocatürk, Özlem; Koparal, Mahmut; Gülsün, BelginPurpose: Lower-impacted third-molar surgery is the most common oral-maxillofacial surgery procedure and involves a considerable degree of soft- and bony-tissue trauma. This study measured and compared postoperative sequalae between patients receiving dexmedetomidine or ketamine after third-molar surgery. Patients and Methods: This study was a randomized double-blind prospective trial. The patients were divided into 2 groups: ketamine and dexmedetomidine. Pain, swelling, and trismus outcomes were evaluated before and 2 and 7 days after surgery. In addition, patients were asked to record the number and timing of oral analgesic tablets they required during the postoperative period. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and a repeated-measures general linear model. The significance level was set at P < .05. Results: The study included 66 patients (38 women and 28 men) undergoing extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Significant differences were found between the groups in visual analog scale pain scores at 1, 6, and 12 hours after surgery (P < .001, P = .010, and P = .030, respectively). Trismus and swelling did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (P > .05). Conclusions: Ketamine resulted in less postoperative pain than dexmedetomidine during the first 12 hours after third-molar surgery. ? 2020 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeonsÖğe A comparison of the effects of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam on pain, edema, and trismus after impacted lower third molar extraction(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2014) Ilhan, Ozgur; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Gulsun, Belgin; Koparal, Mahmut; Gunes, NedimBackground: The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of preemptive intravenous tenoxicam and methylprednisolone administrations on extraction of impacted third molars. Material/Methods: This was a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. A total of 60 adult patients ages 18-40 years with the complaints of impacted third molar teeth were included in the study. Results: The postoperative swelling ratios (p < 0.05) and pain scores (p < 0.05) were significantly better in both study groups than in the control group and there was no statistically significant difference between methylprednisolone and tenoxicam groups with regards to the edema and pain relief. Conclusions: Preoperative administration of 80 mg methylprednisolone achieves better control of trismus than tenoxicam without any significant differences in edema and pain control in impacted third molar teeth extraction.Öğe Displaced lower third molar tooth into the submandibular space: Two case reports(Medknow Publications, 2014) Köse, İbrahim; Koparal, Mahmut; Güneş, Nedim; Atalay, Yusuf; Yaman, Ferhan; Atılgan, Serhat; Kaya, GürkanThe aim of this article is to emphasize that the accidental displacement of a lower third molar during extraction is a rare, but potentially serious complication. We present two case reports on a lower third molar tooth dislodged into the submandibular space following its removal from the sockets and the subsequent management of this rare complication. Differences in the direction of displacement, the size of fragment, delay in retrieval, and tissue reactions can all influence this potential serious complication and hence no one technique is uniformly applicable. Though a rare complication, clinicians must be aware of possible lower third molars dislodgement into tissue spaces and the necessity to initiate prompt and appropriate management.Öğe Effect of Zoledronic Acid Application on Different Graft Materials in Calvarial Bone Defect Models. An Experimental Analysis(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Gulsun, Belgin; Deveci, Engin; Agacayak, K. Serkan; Hamidi, ArifOBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of zoledronic acid on graft materials in bone calvarial defects. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty adult (12 weeks) Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing from 300-350 g were divided into groups: calvarial defect, calvarial defect + synthetic graft, and calvarial defect + xenograft. All groups received zoledronate intravenously for a week after surgery and were sacrificed at either 6 or 12 weeks after their operation. The rat calvariae were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin before decalcification in 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 20 days. Calvarial bone samples were then dehydrated and processed for embedding in paraffin wax. Sections 5 ?m thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: The effects of zoledronic acid, a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, on different graft materials in rats with critical-size calvarial defects were analyzed and compared. Significantly less graft resorption was identified in zoledronic acid-treated rats that had received a xenograft than in either the untreated rats or those with a synthetic graft. In the xenograft group primary ossification was visible at week 12, and the graft had entered the bone to a greater extent than in the other experimental groups or in the control group. Osseous structures were also observed more clearly in this group than in the others. CONCLUSION: Zoledronic acid histopathologic bone graft stimulates bone formation. Zoledronic acid may be considered among the therapeutic methods available to improve the bone formation process in calvarial bone formation.Öğe Effects of Potentilla fulgens as a Prophylactic Agent in Tibial Defects in Rats(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Irtegun, Sevgi; Alan, Hilal; Deveci, Engin; Gulsun, Belgin; Seker, UgurOBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Potentilla fulgens as a prophylactic agent on tibial defects in the rat. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats weighing 200-215 g each were divided into 3 experimental groups. The tibial bone defect group served as the control group. The experimental groups were Potentilla fulgens with tibial defect (14 days) and Potentilla fulgens with tibial defect (28 days). Extract of Potentilla fulgens was mixed with water (400 mg/kg/day) and given to groups 14 and 28 as drinking water. The histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of each tibial bone cavity within each group were observed. The trabecular new bone formation was evaluated by expression rate of osteonectin and osteopontin. RESULTS: In the Potentilla fulgens + tibial defect group (14 days), trabecular bone had started combining extensive new bone formation, osteocyte cells were evident, and lamellar bone was formed. Osteoblasts showed a positive reaction with osteonectin. Osteopontin expression was positively observed between fibrous structures and in the osteoblast and osteocyte cells. This can be considered indicative of new bone formation. In the Potentilla fulgens + tibial defect group (28 days), an increase in expansion in trabecular bone and myeloid tissue was observed. Osteoblastic activity and osteocyte cells began to be observed in new bone fragments. CONCLUSION: In our study we show that Potentilla fulgens extract provided a protective effect on new bone formation and aided in the development of osteocytes and secretion of matrix in osteoblasts. Additionally, we show the inductive effect of the extract on new bone formation. In particular, the expression of osteopontin and osteonectin was also supported with the Western blot technique on the development of osteoblasts and osteocytes, showing a similar trend with our results.Öğe The effects of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 and low-level laser irradiation on synthetic graft healing in a rat bony defect model(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Kose, Ibrahim; Atalay, Yusuf; Cakmak, Omer; Alan, Hilal; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Erdogdu, Ibrahim HalilWe assessed the benefit of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the osseointegration of synthetic bone grafts. Synthetic bone grafts are safe alternatives to autografts. BMP-2 and LLLI have been shown separately to improve bone healing. However, their effects have not been evaluated together with synthetic materials. Here, we used a rat model to compare the efficacy of BMP-2 and LLLI on synthetic graft healing. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 35) were divided equally into groups: control (defect only), graft only, graft and BMP-2, graft and LLLI, and a combination of graft, LLLI, and BMP-2. A 3 x 3 mm monocortical tibial defect was filled using a synthetic graft with or without 2 mg/mL BMP-2 pre-treatment. LLLI was performed using an optical fibre and an indium-gallium-arsenide-phosphate laser for 60 s daily for 7 days, delivering 6.0 J/day. Histopathology was performed 4 weeks post-graft using a standardised scoring system (1-5, based on the degree of healing observed). Groups were compared using the MannWhitney U test, with p values < 0.05 considered significant. Osteogenesis was poor in both the control and graft-only groups (1.4 +/- 0.5 and 2.3 +/- 0.5, respectively). BMP-2-(4.3 +/- 0.5), LLLI-(3.7 +/- 0.5), and BMP-2/LLLI-treated (4.7 +/- 0.5) grafts all displayed significantly more healing than the control or graft alone groups (P < 0.001). Both BMP-2 and LLLI significantly improved the osseointegration of synthetic bone grafts. However, no synergy was noted between the therapies.Öğe Evaluation of calcified carotid atheroma on panoramic radiographs and Doppler ultrasonography in an older population(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2015) Atalay, Yusuf; Asutay, Fatih; Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Koparal, Mahmut; Adali, Fahri; Gulsun, BelginAim: The aim of this study is to determine the reliability of panoramic radiograph (PR) as a screening tool for the detection of calcified carotid atheroma (CCA) by comparing it with Doppler ultrasonography (DU) examination. A second aim was to evaluate the relationship among CCA, systemic diseases, smoking, and body mass index in an older population. Materials and methods: A total of 1,650 PRs of patients aged over 45 years (736 males and 914 females) were randomly selected. All the patients had been referred to the Faculty of Dentistry, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, during 2013-2014 for routine PR screening. Medical data were collected from the archival records of the dental school. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A (study group), CCA findings were confirmed by DU (n=59); and Group B (control group), CCA findings were not confirmed by DU (n=34). Results: Of the 1,650 individuals, 93 (5.63%) were detected to have CCA on PR. The population consisted of 43 males and 50 females with mean age of 59.84 +/- 10.92 years. No difference was determined in respect of CCA between the sexes (P=0.745). There was a significant difference between Group A and Group B in respect of hypertension (P=0.004). But there was no difference between Group A and Group B in respect of age (P=0.495), BMI (P=0.756), diabetes (P=0.168), and smoking (P=0.482) distribution. Conclusion: Although PR cannot be used as an initial diagnostic method when searching for CCA, dentists should be aware of CCA on a routine PR, particularly in older patients who may also have the risk factors of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and smoking. Recognizing of CCA especially in hypertensive patients could potentially increase the length and quality of life for individuals.Öğe Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde dental anomalilerin görülme sıklığı(Selcuk University, 2018) Koparal, Mahmut; Ünsal, Haluk Yener; Alan, Hilal Türker; Yalçın, Mustafa; Ege, Bilal; Gülsün, BelginAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yaşayan bireylerde dental anomalilerin görülme sıklığının ve cinsiyetler arasındaki dental anomali görülme yatkınlıkların değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma Adıyaman Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesi’ne ve Adıyaman Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Merkezi’ne çeşitli nedenlerle müracat etmiş 4256 hastaya ait panoramik radyografi görüntüleri üzerinde retrospektif olarak tasarlandı. Hastalara ait panoramik radyografi görüntüleri dental anomalilerin tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2 araştırmacı tarafından değerlendirildi. Çalışmada hastaların panoramik radyografi görüntüleri üzerinde tespit edilen, alt keser diş eksikliği, sürnümerer diş, ektopi, gömülü kalma, mikrodonti, taurodontism ve dilaserasyon olmak üzere 7 tip dental anomali cinsiyetler arası dağılımına göre istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: En sık görülen anomali %4,2 oranıyla gömülü kalma olarak tespit edildi. Taurodontizm % 0,02 lik oranla en az görülen anomali olarak tespit edildi. Gömülü diş görülme sıklığı erkek bireylerde, kadınlara kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha fazla bulunmuştur. Ektopik diş görülme oranı, erkeklerde kadınlara nazaran istatistiksel olarak anlamı derecede fazla bulunmuştur. Kadınlarda alt keser diş eksikliği görülme oranı, erkeklere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fazla bulunmuştur.Sonuçlar: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yaşayan bireylerde gömülü kalma, en sık rastlanılan anomali olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Alt keser diş eksikliği kadınlarda daha fazla görülürken, gömülü diş ve ektopiye erkeklerde daha sık rastlanılmıştır. Bunun yanında, sürnümerer diş, dilaserasyon, taurodontizm ve mikrodonti gibi anomalilerin görülme sıklığı bakımından cinsiyetler arasında farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Taurodontizm en az rastlanılan anomali olarak tespit edilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Dental anomali, gömülü diş, ektopi, sürnümerer, alt keserÖğe Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yedi farklı dental anomalinin görülme sıklığı(2018) Gülsün, Belgin; Unsal, Haluk Yener; Alan, Hilal Türker; Ege, Bilal; Koparal, Mahmut; Yalçın, MustafaAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yaşayan bireylerde yedi farklı dental anomalinin görülme sıklığının ve cinsiyetler arasındaki dental anomali görülme yatkınlıkların değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma Adıyaman Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesi’ne ve Adıyaman Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Merkezi’ne çeşitli nedenlerle müracat etmiş hastalardan rastgele seçilen 4256 hastaya ait panoramik radyografi görüntüleri üzerinde retrospektif olarak tasarlandı. Hastalara ait panoramik radyografi görüntüleri dental anomalilerin tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2 araştırmacı tarafından değerlendirildi. Çalışmada hastaların panoramik radyografi görüntüleri üzerinde tespit edilen, alt keser diş eksikliği, sürnümerer diş, ektopi, gömülü kalma, mikrodonti, taurodontism ve dilaserasyon olmak üzere 7 tip dental anomali cinsiyetler arası dağılımına göre istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir Bulgular: En sık görülen anomali %4,2 oranıyla gömülü kalma olarak tespit edildi. Taurodontizm % 0,02 lik oranla en az görülen anomali olarak tespit edildi. Gömülü diş görülme sıklığı erkek bireylerde, kadınlara kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha fazla bulunmuştur. Ektopik diş görülme oranı, erkeklerde kadınlara nazaran istatistiksel olarak anlamı derecede fazla bulunmuştur. Kadınlarda alt keser diş eksikliği görülme oranı, erkeklere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fazla bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yaşayan bireylerde gömülü kalma, en sık rastlanılan anomali olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Alt keser diş eksikliği kadınlarda daha fazla görülürken, gömülü diş ve ektopiye erkeklerde daha sık rastlanılmıştır. Bunun yanında, sürnümerer diş, dilaserasyon, taurodontizm ve mikrodonti gibi anomalilerin görülme sıklığı bakımından cinsiyetler arasında farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Taurodontizm en az rastlanılan anomali olarak tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Human papilloma virus(2016) Gunduz, Derya Toprak; Unsal, Haluk Yener; Gülsün, Belgin; Alan, Hilal; Erdogdu, Halil Ibrahim; Koparal, Mahmutİnsan Papilloma Virüsü (HPV) papillomaviridae ailesinden çift sarmal yapıya sahip bir DNA virüsüdür. HPV epidermisin ve mukoz membranın çok katlı yassı epitelinde benign ve malign değişikliklere neden olur. HPV baş, boyun, ürogenital organlar, deri ve mukoz membranlarda görülen birçok benign ve malign lezyonların etyolojik faktörleri arasında gösterilmektedir. HPV'nin baş boyun bölgesinde gözlenenskuamöz hücreli karsinomanın patogenezinde rol aldığı ilk olarak 1983 yılında oral kanser ve HPV enfeksiyonu arasındaki benzerlik gösterildikten sonra anlaşıldı. Oral skuamöz hücreli karsinomada etiyolojik faktör olduğu için HPV enfeksiyonu orofarengeal bölge ile ilişkili kanserlerin bir alt grubu olarak ele alınabilir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle Maksillofasiyal Cerrahinin ve Diş Hekimliğinin yakın ilgi alanına girmiştir. Birçok HPV ile iliskili enfeksiyonda özellikle tarama, oral bulgular, erken teshis ve tedavi büyük öneme sahiptirÖğe Immunohistochemical and Histopathological Changes in the Teeth of Rats After Lead Acetate Application(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2015) Er, Faruk; Koparal, Mahmut; Deveci, Engin; Irtegun, SevgiOBJECTIVE: To study the toxic processes of lead in teeth by investigating the histopathologic and immunohistochemical effects of lead on incisor teeth of rats. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty Wistar Albino rats weighing 180-200 g were divided into 2 groups: a control group and a lead acetate group (i.e., the experimental group). The experimental group received lead acetate at 500 ppm in their drinking water for 60 days, and the control group received distilled water. The sections of the control group and the experiment group were histopathologically compared. RESULTS: The longitudinal cross-sections of the mandibular incisor teeth were analyzed. Degeneration in the periodontal membrane and vascular dilation in pulp and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed, and vimentin expression was seen in the dental pulp and the periodontal membrane. CONCLUSION: The presence of vimentin in the dentinal tubules indicated that the odontoblast processes in these tubules were positive. In the experimental group the profile of dentinal tubules was found to be impaired and disorganized. These results indicate a loss of collagen fibers in the periodontal membrane of incisor teeth in the experimental group. In the same group the gripping function of the incisor teeth was affected due to the spacing of the intermediate filaments that are located between the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament. The expression of vimentin on the tooth was reduced by the lead acetate treatment. Lead acetate may affect the adhesion of the tooth to the alveolar bone.Öğe Investigation of the effects of quercetin and xenograft on the healing of bone defects: An experimental study(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Durmaz, Bekir; Güneş, Nedim; Koparal, Mahmut; Gül, Mehmet; Dündar, Serkan; Bingül, Muhammet BahattinObjective: In this study, it was aimed to histologic and immunohistochemical examined that the effects of quercetin on new bone formation and bone regeneration in critical size rat tibial bone defects. Material & methods: In the study, 56 rats were divided into 4 groups with 14 rats in each group. Control (C) (n = 14): A defect was created in the corticocancellous bone in the metaphyseal part of the tibia bones of the rats and no additional procedure was applied until the end of the experimental setup. Xenograft (X) group (n = 14): Bone defects were created in the tibia bones of the rats and the defects were filled with xenograft. No additional process was applied until the end of the experimental setup. Quercetin (Q) group (n = 14): A defect was created in the tibia bones of the rats and 0.1 mg/kg quercetin was administered by oral gavage until the end of the experimental setup dailly. Quercetin and Xenograft (Q + X) group (n = 14): A defect was created in the corticocancellous bone in the metaphyseal part of the tibia bones of the rats and the defect was filled with xenograft. Until the end of the experimental setup, 0.1 mg/kg quercetin was administered by oral gavage dailly. Rats were sacrificed after 4. and 8 week and tibial bone collected for histomorphometic analysis. Results: It was observed that the parameters related to bone healing were higher in the quercetin administered groups compared to the controls (P < 0,05). Conclusion: Quercetin given by oral gavage may increase bone healing.Öğe Kalvaryal kemik defekti modellerinde zoledronik asit uygulamasının farklı greft materyalleri üzerine etkisinin deneysel olarak incelenmesi(2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Gülsün, BelginCerrahi işlemler, konjenital nedenler veya travma sonucu maksillofasiyal bölgede meydana gelebilen kemik defektleri, estetik ve fonksiyonel bozukluklara neden olabilir. Bu nedenle meydana gelen deformitelerin kemik greftleriyle rekonstrükte edilmesi gerekir. Bu amaçla günümüzde farklı greft materyalleri kullanılmaktadır. Kemik greftlerinin kritik sorunlarından biri de, greft materyalinin istenilenden erken rezorbe olmasıdır. Bunu önlemek için de bifosfonatlardan yararlanmak gündeme gelmiştir. Bu deneysel çalışmada kullanılan zoledronik asidin osteoklast aktivitesini ve sayısını azaltarak, kemik rezorbsiyonunu inhibe ettiği bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda, osteoklastları inaktive ederek osteogenezise olumlu etkisi olduğu bildirilen bifosfonat grubu ilaçlardan zoledronik asitin sistemik uygulandığı ratlarda; kritik boyut kemik defektlerine uygulanacak olan farklı greft materyalleri üzerine etkisinin histopatolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Osteoklastların inaktive olması ile uygulanan greftin bölgede daha uzun süre kalmasını ve böylece daha iyi bir ossöz yapının oluşmasını hedefledik. Bu çalışmada 80 adet Spraque Dawley rat randomize her biri on hayvan içeren 8 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bu gruplarda yer alan tüm hayvanların kalvaryumuna 8 mm çapında kritik boyut kemik defekti açıldı. kontrol grubuna post-operatif birinci hafta sonunda intravenöz olarak 0.1mg/kg tek doz serum fizyolojik uygulandı, 1. deney grubuna post-operatif birinci hafta sonunda intravenöz olarak 0.1mg/kg tek doz zoledronik asit uygulandı, 2.deney grubuna açılan defekt bölgesine sentetik greft uygulandı ve takiben birinci hafta sonunda intravenöz olarak 0.1mg/kg tek doz zoledronik asit uygulandı, 3. deney grubuna ise açılan defekt bölgesine ksenogreft uygulandı ve takiben birinci hafta sonunda intravenöz olarak 0.1mg/kg tek doz zoledronik asit uygulandı. Kontrol ve deney gruplarının birer grubu 6. haftada, birer grubu ise 12. haftada sakrifiye edildi. Sakrifikasyon sonrası elde edilen kalvaryumun histopatolojik incelemesi yapıldı. Çalışmamızın histopatolojik ve istatistiksel incelemeleri sonucunda, tüm deney gruplarında osteoklastların inaktive oldukları, böylelikle zoledronik asitin yeni kemik oluşumuna olumlu etki sağladığı ve meydana gelen osteogenezisin defekt bölgesine uygulanan greft materyallerinden sentetik greft materyaline kıyasla ksenogreft uygulanan grupta daha yüksek bir seviyede oluştuğu saptanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: 1. Zoledronik Asit 2. Kemik greftleri 3. Deneysel 4. Osteogenezis 5.Kritik boyut kemik defektiÖğe Long-term effects of antihypertensive medications on bone mineral density in men older than 55 years(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2014) Agacayak, Kamil Serkan; Guven, Sedat; Koparal, Mahmut; Gunes, Nedim; Atalay, Yusuf; Atilgan, SerhatIntroduction: In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term antihypertensive treatment with calcium channel blockers or beta blockers on the bone mineral density of maxilla, as determined by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted on CBCT images of men older than 55 years who had received different dental indications. Data were grouped into three categories according to the antihypertensive medication history of the patients: group A included patients who had been taking beta-blocker treatment for more than 5 years, group B included patients who had been taking calcium channel blocker treatment for more than 5 years, and the control group included patients who had never used any hypertensive medications before. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the beta blocker and calcium channel blocker groups. Conclusion: In hypertension treatment, beta blockers may be preferred to calcium channel blockers in patients at high risk for osteoporosis and bone resorption. Keywords: bone mineral density, CBCT, beta blockers, calcium channel
