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Antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of Hypericum triquetrifolium and Hypericum scabroides
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Kizil, Goeksel; Kizil, Murat; Yavuz, Murat; Emen, Sevil; Hakimoglu, Fidan
The antioxidative potential of ethanol extracts of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Hypericaceae) and Hypericum scabroides Robson Poulter (Hypericaceae) were investigated for the first time using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), metal chelating, reducing power, hydroxyl radical, total antioxidant activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. Both extracts tested were found to be highly active in the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The IC50 values of H. triquetrifolium (HT) and H. scabroides (HS) in the DPPH radical scavenging assay were 39.0 and 33.8 mu g/mL, respectively. The amounts of total phenolic compounds were also determined, and total phenolic content of 1 mg H. triquetrifolium and H. scabroides ethanol extracts were equivalent to 267 and 333 mu g gallic acid. Metal chelating ability was found to be low compared with EDTA. Both ethanol extracts of Hypericum species exhibited a high reducing power, suggesting that extracts had strong electron-donating capacity. The degradation of deoxyribose by hydroxyl radicals was shown to be inhibited by Hypericum extracts, acting mainly by scavenging hydroxyl radicals rather than as chelators of iron ions. Total antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of HT and HS were tested by using ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. Antioxidative activities of both extracts were found to be comparable with vitamin E. Moreover, both extracts showed notable capacity to suppress Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate. The results obtained in the current study indicate that ethanol extracts of HS and HT are a potential source of natural antioxidants.
CHANGES IN THE PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS IN WINE GRAPE VARIETIES DURING THE RIPENING PERIOD
(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2016) Ozdemir, Gultekin; Sogut, Akile Beren; Pirinccioglu, Mihdiye; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
The aim of this study was to determine phytochemical components of Tannat, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot and Shiraz wine grape varieties during the ripening period. As amounts of total phenolic compounds in different parts of the grape varieties, the highest total phenolic values for berry peel were found to be 300.58 mu g GAE/mg in Cabernet Sauvignon, 974.23 mu g GAE/mg in Malbec for pulp, 447.01 mu g GAE/mg in Merlot for seed. The total flavonoid content in peel, pulp and seeds of varieties were found to be varied between 46.95 mu g QUE/mg and 148.01 mu g QUE/mg. In conclusion, total bioactive compounds of the grape differed significantly based on variety and grape part. Since higher bioactive compounds were found in pulps for all grape varieties, grapes should be consumed as a whole grape. This study also showed that these grapes are a potential source of natural bioactive compounds. It can be concluded that selected grape varieties and their parts can be considered a good source of phenolic and antioxidants.
Chemical profile and biological activities of Veronica thymoides subsp pseudocinerea
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Ertas, Abdulselam; Boga, Mehmet; Kizil, Murat; Ceken, Bircan; Goren, Ahmet Ceyhan; Hasimi, Nesrin; Demirci, Serpil
Context: In Turkey, Veronica species (Plantaginaceae) have been used as a diuretic and for wound healing in traditional medicine. Objective: To examine the fatty acid and essential oil profiles, the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, and DNA damage effects of Veronica thymoides P.H. Davis subsp. pseudocinerea M.A. Fischer as a potential source of natural active compounds. Materials and methods: GC/MS was used to analyze essential oil and fatty acid obtained from whole plant. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the beta-carotene-linoleic acid test system, DPPH-free and ABTS cation radicals scavenging, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays. The anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities were determined by Ellman and broth macrodillution methods, respectively. The effect of the methanol extract on DNA cleavage was investigated. Results: Hexatriacontene (21.0%) was found to be the main constituent in essential oil, and linoleic acid (25.2%) and palmitic acid (20.6%) in fatty acid. Methanol extract demonstrated the best IC50 values in lipid peroxidation (49.81 +/- 0.31 mu g/ml) and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity (15.32 +/- 0.17 mu g/ml). Methanol and water extracts possessed strong ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with IC50 values 9.15 +/- 0.28 and 8.90 +/- 0.14 mu g/ml, respectively. The acetone extract exhibited moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was determined in methanol extract against Escherichia coli with 31.25 mu g/ml MIC value. Inhibition of methanol extract on plasmid DNA cleavage by OH radicals was found to be 93.32% at 500 mu g/ml. Conclusion: The methanol extract having strong antioxidant and DNA damage effects could be investigated phytochemically to find natural active compounds.
Comparison of the effects of maternal protein malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction on redox state of central nervous system in offspring rats
(Elsevier, 2007) Tatli, Mehmet; Guzel, Aslan; Kizil, Goksel; Kavak, Vatan; Yavuz, Murat; Kizil, Murat
Both maternal protein malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have deleterious effects on brain development, but a comparison of these effects has not been previously reported. The objectives of this study were to investigate and compare the effects of both factors on the oxidative status of the central nervous system (CNS), including the spinal cord, in offspring rats. We evaluated various parameters of oxidative status and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) in different regions of the CNS from 60-day-old rats subjected to prenatal and postnatal protein restrictions [middle protein restriction 12%, severe protein restriction (SPR) 4%] or IUGR produced by uterine artery ligation. Furthermore, we compared these study groups to each other and to control rats fed an isocaloric 24% protein diet. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Both protein restrictions and IUGR altered various parameters of oxidative status. In all evaluated structures, protein restrictions resulted in increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level and index of lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001), and in decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities (P < 0.005). IUGR also increased lipid peroxidation levels in the blood samples (P < 0.04) and protein oxidative damage in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex (P < 0.005); however, no effects were detected on the spinal cord. The greatest decrease in CAT activity was in the cerebellum of rats fed with SPR diet (P < 0.001). This study suggests that not only severe but also middle protein malnutrition have deleterious effects on CNS structures, including the spinal cord. Protein restriction has a greater effect on the redox state of the CNS than IUGR. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF BERRY SKIN, PULP AND SEED FRACTIONS OF OKUZGOZU AND BOGAZKERE GRAPE CULTIVARS
(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2017) Ozdemir, Gultekin; Pirinccioglu, Mihdiye; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) are believed to have health benefits due to their antioxidant activityand phenolic content. Thus, scientists have conducted research to explore their positive effects on many human diseases. The aim of this study was to determinetotal phenolic and flavonoid contents of berry pulp, seed and skin of Okuzgozu and Bogazkere red wine grape cultivars grown in Turkey. In conclusion, it was found that total phenolic (mu g GAE/mg) and flavonoid content in Okuzgozu and Bogazkere grape cultivars showed importantdifferences according to the berry skin, pulp, seed and research years. The highest phenolic content was found in Okuzgozu berry pulp 803.00 mu g GAE/mg in 2012 year. When the flavonoid amounts are compared, it has been determined that the total flavonoid amount varied from 5.08 mu g QUE/mg to 111.55 mu g QUE/mg. The highest flavonoid content was found in the Okuzgozu grape berry skin in 2011 year (111.55 mu g QUE/mg). This study showed that these grapes are a potential source of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. It can be concluded that selected grape varieties and their parts can be considered a good source of phenolics.
DNA damage protecting activity and in vitro antioxidant potential of the methanol extract of Cyclotrichium niveum
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2009) Emen, Sevil; Ceken, Bircan; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Cyclotrichium niveum (Boiss.) Manden. & Scheng., a herb of the Labiate family, has been widely used as a flavoring agent in Turkey; it was examined for its antioxidant potential and DNA damage protecting activity. The antioxidant activity of C niveum aerial parts (stems, leaves, and flowers) was determined from the methanol extract. The antioxidant potency of methanol extract of C niveum was investigated employing various established in vitro systems, such as lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hyrdoxyl radical scavenging, reducing power, iron chelation, and inhibitory effect on protein oxidation. The methanol extract of C niveum was able to reduce the stable free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 78.15 mu g/mL. The metal chelating ability was found to be low compare with EDTA. Methanol extract of C. niveum aerial parts showed strong inhibitory activity toward lipid peroxidation of rat brain homogenate induced by the FeCl2-H2O2 system. Furthermore, C. niveum extract exhibited a strong concentration-dependent inhibition of deoxyribose oxidation. The effect on DNA cleavage induced by H2O2 UV-photolysis was also investigated. It showed a concentration-dependent free radical scavenging capacity and protective effect on DNA cleavage. In addition, the oxidative damage of bovine serum albumin (BSA), induced by hydroxyl radical in an acellular system, was inhibited by 10-1000 mu g/mL of methanol extract of C. niveum. The total phenolic content of C niveum was detected in methanol as 200.9 mu g gallic acid/mg extract. These results clearly demonstrated that C niveum extract possesses a marked antioxidant activity and it is a potential source of natural antioxidants.
Do 100-and 500-?T ELF magnetic fields alter beta-amyloid protein, protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde in rat brains?
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2013) Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Dasdag, Suleyman; Cakir, Dilek Ulker; Yokus, Beran; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Several studies still state that presently accepted safety standards for extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) do not provide adequate protection, and therefore the standards are still open to question. To help resolve this question, the aim of this study was to illuminate the interaction between biomolecules and ELF-MFs by investigating the effect of ELF-MFs on beta-amyloid protein (BAP), protein carbonyl (PC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat brain. For this study, 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, which were divided into two experimental groups and a sham exposed group. Rats in two experimental groups were exposed to 100- and 500-mu T ELF-MFs (50 Hz) for 2 h/day for 10 months, which are the generally accepted safety standards for public and occupational exposures. The same procedures were applied to the rats in the sham group, but with the generator turned off. The results of this study showed that neither ELF-MFs used in this study altered BAP level significantly (p > 0.05). However, PC and MDA levels were increased by the exposure to 100- and 500-mu T ELF-MFs (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, both PC and MDA levels were altered by long-term exposure to either 100 or 500 mu T ELF-MF. However, many further and more comprehensive studies will be required to elucidate the interaction mechanisms between ELF-MFs exposure and living organisms.
Effect of 900 MHz Radio Frequency Radiation on Beta Amyloid Protein, Protein Carbonyl, and Malondialdehyde in the Brain
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2012) Dasdag, Suleyman; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat; Cakir, Dilek Ulker; Yokus, Beran
Recently, many studies have been carried out in relation to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (RF) emitted from a mobile phone on the brain. However, there is little data concerning possible mechanisms between long-term exposure of RF radiation and biomolecules in brain. Therefore, we aimed to investigate long-term effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation on beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the rat brain. The study was carried out on 17 Wistar Albino adult male rats. The rat heads in a carousel were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from a generator, simulating mobile phones. For the study group (n: 10), rats were exposed to the radiation 2 h per day (7 days a week) for 10 months. For the sham group (n: 7), rats were placed into the carousel and the same procedure was applied except that the generator was turned off. In this study, rats were euthanized after 10 months of exposure and their brains were removed. Beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde levels were found to be higher in the brain of rats exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation. However, only the increase of protein carbonyl in the brain of rats exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). In conclusion, 900 MHz radiation emitted from mobile/cellular phones can be an agent to alter some biomolecules such as protein. However, further studies are necessary.
The effect of ethanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rabbits and its in vitro antioxidant activity
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2007) Hakimoglu, Fidan; Kizil, Goksel; Kanay, Zeki; Kizil, Murat; Isi, Hilmi
Hypercholesterolemia, high cholesterol diet and oxidative stress increase serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels resulting in increased risk for development of atherosclerosis. Antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting and scavenging radicals, thus providing protection to humans against infectious and degenerative diseases. Literature shows that the antioxidant activity is high in medicinal plants. Realizing the fact that, this study was carried out to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides Boiss var lysimachioides (Guttifera) on serum lipid levels and serum lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The rabbits were divided into four groups and these groups were fed with diets containing standard laboratory diet (Group 1), standard laboratory diet and ethanol extracts of H. lysimachioides (HL) (50 mg/kg body weight) (Group 11), standard laboratory diet, ethanol extracts of HL (50 mg/kg body weight) and cholesterol (100 mg/kg body weight) (Group 111), and finally standard laboratory diet and cholesterol (100 mg/kg body weight) (Group IV), for 5 weeks. Feeding cholesterol increased serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels significantly in Group IV as compared to the other groups. Ethanol extract of HL with high cholesterol diet significantly lowered LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in the rabbits of Group III as compared to the Group IV. The level of serum triacylglycerol was found to be similar to all comparison groups. HDL cholesterol levels were also increased significantly in Groups 11 and III as compared to Group IV. Statistically significant difference was found in Group IV as compared to all other groups. The ethanol extract of HL with high cholesterol diet significantly lowered the serum MDA levels in the rabbits of Group III compared to the Group IV. The histopathological findings confirmed that the ethanol extract of HL restrained the progression of the hydropic degeneration and fatty changes in the liver and some atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta. The in vitro antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of HL was also evaluated. The free radical-scavenging properties of HL (IC50 = 28 mu g/ml) were studied using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyi (DPPH) assay system. Since plant phenolic compound is one of the phytochemicals possessing radical scavenging activity, the amount of total phenolic compound was also determined in ethanol extract of HL and total phenolic content of one-milligram HL ethanol extract was equivalent to 307 mu g of gallic acid. Total antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of HL was tested by using ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. Antioxidative activities of ethanol extract of HL was found to be comparable with Vitamin E. In conclusion, the use of this extract could be useful in the management of cardiovascular disease in which atherosclerosis is important. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT HARVEST PERIODS ON ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS OF Lippia citriodora KUNTH UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ITS ESSENTIAL OIL
(Wydawnictwo Akad Rolniczej W Lublinie, 2018) Kizil, Suleyman; Dinc, Hayrettin; Diraz, Emel; Toncer, Ozlem; Kizil, Murat; Karaman, Sengul
Lemon verbena is cultivated mainly due to the lemon-like aroma emitted from its leaves that are utilized for most purposes. The chemical composition of the essential oil of lemon verbena was analyzed by GC/MS in July at pre flowering, in September at full flowering and in end of October at post flowering period. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil, extracted from Lippia citriodora was tested against laboratory con- trol strains belonging to the American Type Culture Collection (Maryland, USA) four Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria using the disc diffusion test. Antioxidant activity of the sample was determined by l,l-diphenil-2- -picrly-hydrazil (DPPH) assay. Well-known antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid and alpha tocopherol were used as standard. Results showed, among different harvest periods high fresh and dry herbage and dry leaf yields per plant were obtained from full flowering stage. Harvest periods were found to have a significant effect on the content of essential oil and the highest amounts of limonene, neral and geranial and measured as 31.15, 11.92 and 15.53%, respectively at full flowering stage. In all samples, the main constituents were limo- nene, neral and geranial constituting 46.03%-58.59% of the total essential oil yield depend on development stages. Lemon verbena essential oil was found to have antibacterial activity especially against Gram (+) mi- croorganisms. In DPPH system, the moderate radical scavenging activity was exhibited. Therefore, L. citrio- dora has potential to be used as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food processing.
Effects of maternal protein malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction on redox state of the central nervous system in offspring rats
(Wiley-Liss, 2007) Tatli, Mehmet; Guzel, Aslan; Kizil, Goksel; Kavak, Vatan; Yavuz, Murat; Kizil, Murat
[Abstract Not Available]
Extremely low frequency magnetic fields cause oxidative DNA damage in rats
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Yokus, Beran; Akdag, M. Zulkuf; Dasdag, Suleyman; Cakir, Dilek Ulker; Kizil, Murat
Purpose: To detect the genotoxic effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) -magnetic fields (MF) on oxidative DNA base modifications [8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGua) and 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyAde)] in rat leucocytes, measured following exposure to ELF-MF. Materials and methods: After exposure to ELF-MF (50Hz, 100 and 500 mu T, for 2 hours/day during 10 months), DNA was extracted, and measurement of DNA lesions was achieved by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Results: Levels of FapyAde, FapyGua and 8OHdG in DNA were increased by both 100 mu T and 500 mu T ELF-MF as compared to a cage-control and a sham group; however, statistical significance was observed only in the group exposed to 100 mu T. Conclusion: This is the first study to report that ELF-MF exposure generates oxidatively induced DNA base modifications which are mutagenic in mammalian cells, such as FapyGua, FapyAde and 8-OH-Gua, invivo. This may explain previous studies showing DNA damage and genomic instability. These findings support the hypothesis that chronic exposure to 50-Hz MF may be potentially genotoxic. However, the intensity of ELF-MF has an important influence on the extent of DNA damage.
Fructose-derived glycation and immune function: Effects on antigen binding in human IgG and lymphocytes
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2025) Akay, Feryal; Inceoren, Nesrin; Nas, Cemal; Yokus, Beran; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Diabetes Mellitus (DM), one of the oldest known metabolic disorders, dates back to 3000 BC and continues to have a profound impact on health and the economy. Nutrition plays a critical role in managing diabetes and enhancing overall quality of life. It is also vital for immune system function, as well as in the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases. A key factor contributing to the global rise in obesity is the excessive consumption of fructose/glucose (corn) syrup, which leads to various metabolic complications. Uncontrolled intake of carbohydrates, particularly sugars like fructose, triggers the Maillard Reaction, a chemical process that occurs between sugars and proteins, resulting in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). This process is accelerated in diabetic patients due to hyperglycemia, leading to increased glycation of plasma proteins such as immunoglobulins, which play an essential role in the immune system. Studies show that individuals with Diabetes Mellitus experience a higher susceptibility to infections due to increased viral entry, impaired immune responses, reduced viral clearance, and dysregulated inflammatory cytokine production. In this study, human IgG proteins were glycated in vitro using fructose, simulating the damaging effects seen in diabetic conditions. A mixture containing antioxidants like glutathione, oleuropein, and selenium was prepared and incubated with the glycated IgG to assess its protective properties. Lymphocyte cells from healthy volunteers were also treated with fructose and subjected to similar experiments. Results demonstrated that fructose significantly compromises immune function by damaging key proteins, but the antioxidant mixture effectively mitigates this damage, offering a protective mechanism against glycation in the immune system.
Genipin Cross-linked Boron Doped Hydrogels: Evaluation of Biological Activities
(Prints Publications Pvt Ltd, 2021) Bursali, Elif Ant; Abaci, Diler; Kizil, Murat; Yurdakoc, Muruvvet
Genipin cross-linked/boron doped starch/polyvinily alcohol (PVA) based hydrogel (SH-GNP-B) was synthesized as a new material having antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The prepared hydrogel was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) methods and evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities against selected organisms by disc diffusion tests.The antioxidant activity of the prepared hydrogels was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays. Swelling behavior of the hydrogel was also investigated. The synthesized hydrogel was thermally stable and showed pH independent swelling tendency. SH-GNP-B hydrogel was found to have antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptecocus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial activity was improved more effectively by doping boric acid (B) to hydrogel. The hydrogel exhibited weak antioxidant activity when compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).
In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Three Hypericum and Three Achillea Species From Turkey
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2011) Baris, Deniz; Kizil, Murat; Aytekin, Cetin; Kizil, Goksel; Yavuz, Murat; Ceken, Bircan; Ertekin, A. Selcuk
The present study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Hypericum scabrum L (HSm), Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides (HL), and Hypericum retusum Aucher (HR) and ethanol extracts of Achillea aleppica D.C. subsp. aleppica (AA), Achillea aleppica D.C. subsp. zederbaueri (Hayek) Hub.-Mor (AZ), and Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (AB). The antioxidant properties of extracts were evaluated using different antioxidants tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, deoxyribose assay, metal chelating activities and determination of total phenolic compounds. The extracts obtained from Hypericum and Achillea species showed high antioxidant properties. The protective effects of plant extracts were compared with a well known antioxidant, Butilated Hydroxytoluen (BHT) and -tocopherol. Total antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of plants were also tested by using ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. Antioxidative activities of plant extracts were found to be comparable with Vitamin E. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of all tested plant exhibited different activity against tested microorganisms. Since most of the studied extracts have good antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, it might be possible to use them as natural food additives that act both as antioxidants and as spices.
In vitro DNA damage, protein oxidation protective activity and antioxidant potentials of almond fruit (Amygdalus trichamygdalus) parts (hull and drupe) using soxhlet ethanol extraction
(Springer, 2020) Meydan, Ismet; Kizil, Goksel; Demir, Halit; Ceken Toptanci, Bircan; Kizil, Murat
Almond is a nut that is consumed abundantly all over the world. In Turkey, almonds are grown in most parts of the Turkey and the consumption of nuts has become an essential part of healthy life. Almond contain powerful nutrients, which may be related to their fatty acid composition. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the antioxidant potentials and the protective activity of ethanol extraction ofAmygdalus trichamygdalusfruit parts (Hull and Drupe) against the lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage and protein oxidation using soxhlet ethanol extraction. To the best of our knowledge, our study can be evaluated as the first report. The total phenolic content was found to be equivalent to 28.16 +/- 9.990 mu g/g gallic acid extract and the total flavonoid content was equivalent to 8.866 +/- 0.208 mu g/g quercetin extract. The present study shows thatA. trichamygdalusextract have good protective activity against lipid peroxidation in the FeCl2-H(2)O(2)system. The extract also showed a strong DPPH radical scavenging ability in a concentration-dependent manner. At 2000 mu g/ml, the DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to be 84.47 +/- 0.147%. The protein oxidation was also inhibited byA. trichamygdalusextract. At 2000 mu g/ml,A. trichamygdalusextract protected protein oxidation by 76.27 +/- 1.14%. In addition, the DNA oxidation damage against OH radicals resulting from H(2)O(2)photolysis was inhibited concentration dependently and DNA damage was suppressed by 50.26 +/- 2.6% at 1000 mu g/ml concentration. The results suggest thatA. trichamygdalusfruit extract have antioxidant activity and protect lipid, protein and DNA against oxidative damage. Therefore, the extract may be useful in the food industry as natural antioxidants.
In vitro inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation by ethanol extract of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) seed
(Elsevier, 2022) Inceoren, Nesrin; Emen, Sevil; Toptanci, Bircan Ceken; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Glycation of proteins by reducing sugars produces toxic and immunogenic compounds called advanced gly-cation end products (AGEs). AGEs plays important role in the progression of typical diabetes complications. Silybum marianum L. contains powerful antioxidants that quench free radicals, which are unstable and reac-tive compounds that damage DNA and cellular structures. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activ-ities and the inhibitory effects of ethanol:water (1:1) extract of the Silybum marianum seed (SlyE) and silymarin (Sly) on fructose mediated protein glycation and AGE formation. The total amount of silymarin in SlyE was found to be 2.59 mg/gDW by HPLC. The composition of phenolic in the extract was found to be 262.70 mg gallic acid (GAE)/mg extract. The composition of flavonoids in the extract was found to be 10.50 mg quercetin (QUE)/mg extract. The seed exhibited ABTS radical cation decolourization inhibition with 70.4% at 300 mg concentration. Ferric reducing power of the extract was also evaluated. The SlyE and Sly also demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on the production AGEs in bovine serum albumin (BSA)/fructose model. SlyE and Sly has a significant effect in preventing oxidative protein damage, including the effect on the formation of fructosamines, a-dicarbonyls and protein carbonyl content (PCC). SlyE and Sly were able to prevent the glycoxidative damage of BSA. It can be concluded that the SlyE has antiglycating potential as well as antioxidant properties. (C) 2022 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Is there a role for antioxidants in prevention of pulmonary hypoplasia in nitrofen-induced rat model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
(Springer, 2010) Cigdem, Murat Kemal; Kizil, Goksel; Onen, Abdurrahman; Kizil, Murat; Nergiz, Yusuf; Celik, Yusuf
Many studies suggest a role for antioxidants in the prevention of lung hypoplasia in nitrofen-induced rat models with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). This study investigates the oxidative status and the histological outcome of prenatal administration of vitamins E and C with synergistic effect, and effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to improve lung maturation of nitrofen-induced rats. CDH was induced by maternal administration of a single oral dose of nitrofen on day 9.5 of gestation, and the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: nitrofen (N), nitrofen + vitamin C (NC), nitrofen + vitamin E (NE), nitrofen + vitamin C + vitamin E (NCE) and nitrofen + NAC (NNAC). A control group in which only vehicle was administered was included. Cesarean section was performed on day 21. Body weight (BW) and total lung weight (LW) of all fetuses with CDH were recorded; lung histological evaluation was performed, and protein content of lungs, determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and the protein carbonyls in tissue samples were determined. A total of 133 rat fetuses with CDH were investigated. The body weight and the lung weight of fetuses of all groups that were exposed to nitrofen were significantly decreased than of the control group (P < 0.05). The animals exposed to nitrofen with different antioxidants showed increased protein levels in lung tissue. However, in the NCE and the NNAC groups, protein levels were significantly increased than in the others. Malondialdehyde levels significantly decreased in the NCE and the NNAC groups when compared with the NC and the NE groups. In addition, the NCE and NNAC groups decreased protein oxidation to control levels, and no significant difference was observed between control and these two antioxidants groups. The N, NC, NE and NNAC groups showed minimal improvement in lung histology; the NCE groups showed the most improvement in lung histology when compared with the other nitrofen plus antioxidant groups. Prenatal administration of NAC and vitamin E in combination with vitamin C represented the best effects to avoid oxidative damage and protein content of the lungs in rat pups with CDH at birth.
The isolation of tetrangomycin from terrestrial Streptomyces sp CAH29: evaluation of antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-MRSA activity
(Springer Birkhauser, 2016) Ozakin, Suleyman; Davis, Robert W.; Umile, Thomas P.; Pirinccioglu, Necmettin; Kizil, Murat; Celik, Gurbet; Sen, Alaattin
A rhizosphere isolate Streptomyces sp. CAH29 was found to possess potent antibacterial and antifungal activity against a variety of test organisms. Based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequence homology studies, this strain was found to be similar to Streptomyces stramineus (gene sequence similarity 99 %). The major bioactive metabolite produced by Streptomyces sp. CAH29 isolate was extracted, purified andidentified by nuclear magnetic resonance as tetrangomycin. This known anthraquinone-exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with inhibition zones of 14, 10, 12 and 8 mm, respectively. Docking results demonstrate that tetrangomycin has a similar mode of action and a comparable docking score to bind to the dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) enzyme of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared to the current inhibitor. Hence, this suggests that tetrangomycin has a potential to be used as an anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus agent. Tetrangomycin also showed moderate free radical scavenging activity with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil. Tetrangomycin apparently decreased all of the studied cytokine (pro-inflammatory: interleukin 1B, interleukin 2, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin L6 and anti-inflammatory: interleukin 10) expression levels at IC50 concentrations in A459 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial) and LNCAP (human prostate adenocarcinoma) cell lines. In addition, it reduced Caspase 8 and 3 mRNA levels in LNCAP and A549 cells. This study describes for the first time novel in vitro immunosuppressive function of tetrangomycin by reducing the transcription of cytokine genes.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels as biomarkers of oxidative stress in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Pirinccioglu, Ayfer Gozu; Gokalp, Deniz; Pirinccioglu, Mihdiye; Kizil, Goksel; Kizil, Murat
Objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is clinically characterized by elevated total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in plasma, which has high risk for developing atherosclerosis. Increased oxidative stress (OS) and FH have been related to atherosclerosis. The study aims to evaluate oxidative stress in patients with hypercholesterolemia by measuring lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels in these patients. PCO in these patients may provide a new diagnostic biomarker for oxidative damage in atherosclerosis. Design and method: Total cholesterol (Tc), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), lipoprotein(a) (Lp-a) levels and carotid intima-media thickness were measured to evaluate characteristics of patients (11 homozygous and 25 heterozygous) with FH. 25 age-gender-BMI matched healthy control subjects were included in the study for comparison. Results: MDA and PCO levels were significantly higher in homozygous patients compared with those of heterozygous and controls and it was found that they are positively correlated with LDL-c, Tc, Lp-a and IMT while negatively correlated with HDL-c. The heterozygous group also had significantly higher MDA and PCO levels compared with controls. Conclusion: The data obtained could be important for understanding the alterations presented by FH and could be related to their increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. To our knowledge, measurements of PCO in patients with FH are not recorded before and this may be used as a biomarker for protein oxidation, which may play a role in the increased cardiovascular risk of patients with FH. (C) 2010 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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