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Öğe Distribution of CD68-, CD8-, MHCI- and MHCII-positive cells in the bull and ram testis and epididymis(Wiley, 2018) Gueney Saruhan, B.; Sagsoz, H.; Akbalik, E.; Ketani, M. A.; Erdogan, S.The mammalian testis possesses a special immunological environment because of its properties of remarkable immune privilege and effective local innate immunity. The testicular immune privilege protects immunogenic germ cells from systemic immune attack, and local innate immunity is important in preventing testicular microbial infections. Thus, this study aimed to immunohistochemically demonstrate the distribution and localization of CD68-, CD8-, MHCI- and MHCII-positive immune cells in the testes and epididymes. Negative immunoreactivity was detected in the seminiferous tubule epithelium and peritubular myoid cells of the testes upon staining in CD68, CD8 and MHC Class I. Positive CD68 immunoreaction was determined in the Sertoli cells and some Leydig cells. The detection of positive cells for CD8 clearly indicated the presence of lymphocytes. Furthermore, the staining with MHCI intensity was ascertained to vary from weak to moderate in the Sertoli and Leydig cells and connective tissue cells. MHCII-positive immunoreactivity was determined in myoid cells and Leydig cells in the interstitial area. The epithelium of the epididymis showed positive staining for CD68 and CD8, but the stroma displayed a rather weak staining. In the ram epididymis, neither intraepithelial nor interstitial positive reaction was observed for MHCI. In the epididymis, the basal cells displayed a stronger staining for MHCII. In conclusion, these cells not only contribute to local immunity through their direct effects on the quality of fertility in males, but also contribute either directly or indirectly to immune privilege by minimizing the development of both autoimmune reactions and potentially harmful risks.Öğe Distribution of estrogen receptor ? and progesterone receptor B in the bovine oviduct during the follicular and luteal phases of the sexual cycle: an immunohistochemical and semi-quantitative study(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2011) Saruhan, B. G.; Sagsoz, H.; Akbalik, M. E.; Ketani, M. A.The aim of our study was to determine the distribution of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and progesterone receptor B (PR-B) in the bovine oviduct during the follicular and luteal phases. Bovine oviducts from 23 animals were obtained from a local slaughterhouse. Blood samples from these animals also were taken before death to measure estrogen and progesterone levels. The serum levels of estradiol-17 beta and progesterone changed during the estrous cycle. Tissue distribution of ER alpha and PR-B was examined using immunohistochemical techniques and the results showed that ER alpha and PR-B were stained in nuclei of cells and could be detected in all compartments along the entire oviduct during both the follicular and luteal phases. During the follicular phase, no significant differences were found between ER alpha and PR-B distribution (p < 0.05), while significant differences were found between ER alpha and PR-B during the luteal phase (p < 0.05). We results indicated that the frequency and intensity of ER alpha and PR-beta immunoreactivity in the oviduct of bovines varied according to the oviductal cell types and the phases of the sexual cycle.Öğe The effects of bilateral adrenalectomy on mandibular condyle of rat(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2008) Zengingul, A. I.; Ketani, M. A.; Baskan, S. Z.; Elitok, O. M.This study was aimed to evaluate the scaning electron microscope changes of mandibular condule in adrenalectomised rats.Öğe The effects of deficiency and exogenous administration of epidermal growth factor in rat(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2006) Ketani, M. A.; Hatipoglu, E. S.Recently it has been shown that the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptors (EGF-R) are expressed in uterus in many mammals, (Tamada et al., 2000). Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a low molecular weight polypeptide with 53 amino acids and is known to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of tissue. EGF is thought to have important functions in epithelial growth and differentiation. (Tsutsumi et al., 1986). Substantial evidence has been accumulated suggesting that these growth factors play important role in embryo development and implantation (Paria et al., 1993). The objective of the present study was to determine sialoadenectomy and exogenous EGF administration effects on uterinal EGF-R expression and ultrastructural changes in a rat model.Öğe Effects of Ovariectomy and Bilateral Molar Teetless on Mandibular Condyle of Rat(Medwell Online, 2012) Zengingul, A. I.; Ketani, S.; Karadede, M. I.; Uysal, E.; Ketani, M. A.This study, researchers examined the ovariectomy and bilateral molar teetless of mandibular condyle in rat by histologically and histomorphometrically. In this part of the study, 12 Wistar Albino rats, 120 days old and weighing 200-250 g were used. The rats were divided into three groups, a control and two experimental group. The experimental groups of rats were subjected to ovariectomy in. order to create oestrogen deficiency and bilateral molars extraction. After 35 days of ovariectomy, control and experimental group rats were killed and their mandible condyle removed. The speciemens were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and examined for structure of histologically and histomorphometrically. Histomorphometric analysis; mandibular condyle of control and experimental groups were statistically significant results of the histological layers (p<0.05). It was concluded that ovariectomy application and molar teetless can induce histopathological and histomorphometrically changes in the structure of the condyle.Öğe Effects of salmon calcitonin and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) on gastric mucosal barrier in stress induced rats(Academic Journals, 2009) Kanay, Z.; Kurt, D.; Guzel, C.; Denli, O.; Ketani, M. A.; Nas, K.The aim of this investigation was to examine and compare the effects of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and salmon calcitonin (sCT) on gastric lesions and mucosal barrier components such as mucus and phospholipids in rats exposed to cold + restraint stress (CRS). Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats (150 - 200 g) used for this study were provided by the Animal Health and Research Center of Dicle University Diyarbakir/Turkey (DUSAM). The rats were withheld from feeds for 24 h; then, they were divided into four groups - each of which consisted of seven rats such as: control, stress, and CGRP + CRS and sCT + CRS groups. CGRP and sCT were administered 10 mu g/kg intravenously 30 min prior to stress induction. After scarification of the rats, stomachs were examined macroscopically for ulcerative lesions. The amounts of mucus and phospholipids, which are important components of the gastric mucosal barrier, were then measured according to Corne and Baur methods. It was found that cold + restraining stress caused gastric lesions to increase, and that the application of CGRP and sCT decreased the lesions (P = 0.002, P = 0.001 respectively). Moreover, at the same time, it was determined that the decrease in the amount of mucus and phospholipids, due to the stress, was prevented significantly by administration of CGRP and sCT; for mucus as P = 0.002 and P = 0.002 respectively, for phospholipids as P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively. According to our findings, CGRP and sCT were found to be effective in preventing acute hemorrhagic gastric lesions caused by stress, and in maintaining gastric mucosal barrier parameters.Öğe THE EFFECTS OF SIALOADENECTOMY AND EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR ON GINGIVAL TISSUE IN RATS: AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY(Diagnosis Press Ltd, 2008) Dag, A.; Ketani, M. A.; Zengingul, A. I.; Ketani, S.Submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) synthesize, accumulate and secrete a large amount of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in rats. EGF stimulates cell proliferation and differentiation by binding to its reseptors (EGFR). The aim of the present study was to mimic an endogenous epidermal growth factor deficiency through sialoadenectomy in paralel to exogenous EGF administration and to observe the ultrastructural changes in rat gingival tissue, employing electron microscopy Thirty adult female Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into three groups: a control group (n:10), a sialoadenectomy group (n:10) and a sialoadenectomy group to which an EGF was administered (n: 10). The experimental groups of rats were subjected to sialoadenectomy in order to create EGF deficiency. After 2 7 days both control and experimental rat groups were euthanized by pentobarbital and their gingival tissue was removed. Tissue samples from gingiva were processed for ultrastructural study Electron microscopic evaluation indicated that while in the control group gingival tissues showed a normal appearance changes were observed in the experimental groups. We observed a partial degeneration of the epithelial cell junctions. Widespread crystolisis was also observed in a group of mitochondria. It is concluded that epidermal growth factor deficiency achieved by sialoadenectomy caused ultrastructural changes in gingival epithelium.Öğe Expression of epidermal growth factor receptors and epidermal growth factor, amphiregulin and neuregulin in bovine uteroplacental tissues during gestation(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2013) Akbalik, M. E.; Ketani, M. A.Introduction: Growth factors are proteins that bind to specific cell surface receptors that initiate signalling pathways and result in proliferation or differentiation of the affected cells. During gestation, epidermal growth factor receptors (ErbB1-4) and its ligands (epidermal growth factor-EGF, amphiregulin-AREG, neuregulin1-NRG1) play a significant role in differentiation, function and growth of the uterus. Objectives: To determine the role of ErbB receptors and EGF, AREG and NRG1 in bovine uteroplacental tissues during gestation. Methods: Placentomes and interplacentomal areas from 30 cows from early gestation until near term were analysed by immunohistochemistry. Results: ErbB receptors and its ligands were observed in uteroplacental tissues and its expression was maintained throughout pregnancy, but ErbB1 receptor did not exist in the caruncular and cotyledonary stromal cells. Besides, caruncular stromal cells did not present with any immune reaction for EGF, AREG and NRG1. Generally, it was observed that total scores for ErbB receptors and its ligands (EGF, AREG and NRG1) had decreased from early to late gestation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows the presence of ErbB receptors and its ligands participate in the mid- and late-phases of pregnancy. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the expression of NRG1 during bovine pregnancy. These results indicates that these factors may play a crucial role not only to enable cellular proliferation and differentiation in the uterus throughout gestation, but also to have a potential role in the cellular communication maintained between the embryo/fetus and uterus by the placenta. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Expression of the erbB/HER receptor family in the bovine uterus during the sexual cycle and the relation of this family to serum sex steroids(Informa Healthcare, 2012) Sagsoz, H.; Ketani, M. A.; Saruhan, B. G.Our study was designed to investigate immunohistochemically the expression of the receptors of the erbB/HER family (erbB1/HER1, erbB2/HER2, erbB3/HER3, erbB4/HER4) in the bovine uterus during the follicular and luteal phases of the sexual cycle, and the relation to ovarian sex steroids. The stage of the estrous cycle in 30 Holstein bovine was assessed based on the gross and histological appearance of the ovaries and uterus, and on blood steroid hormone levels. Tissue samples taken from the uterus were fixed in 10% formaldehyde for routine histological processing. Positive membrane and cytoplasmic staining of varying intensity were determined in the uterus during the follicular and luteal phases of the sexual cycle for erbB/HER receptors in luminal and glandular epithelial cells, connective tissue, smooth muscle and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. We demonstrated that the apical and basal membranes of luminal epithelial cells and the apical membrane of glandular epithelial cells reacted with erbB1/HER1 and erbB2/HER2 during both the follicular and luteal phases. The reaction for erbB3/HER3 and erbB4/HER4 was stronger in the cytoplasm of luminal and glandular epithelial cells, but was heterogeneous. During both the follicular and luteal phases, the percentage and staining intensity of luminal and superficial glandular epithelial cells reacting positively with the receptors erbB1/HER1, erbB2/HER2, erbB3/HER3 and erbB4/HER4 were greater than those of deep glandular epithelial and connective tissue cells (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that the expression of the erbB/HER receptor family varied with different cell types in the bovine uterus during the follicular and luteal phases.Öğe Investigation of the protective effects of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine on radiotherapy-induced uterine tissue injury in rats(Ijrr-Iranian Journal Radiation Res, 2020) Seker, U.; Aktas, A.; Nergiz, Y.; Zincircioglu, S. B.; Ketani, M. A.Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective potency of melatonin, amifostine (WR-2721), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 15 min before 10-Gy single-fraction radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, 35 female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups of seven rats each. The rats in the control group did not receive any treatments. Rats in the radiotherapy, melatonin, amifostine, and NAC groups underwent abdomino-pelvic irradiation with 10-Gy single fraction gamma (gamma) irradiation. Melatonin 50 mg/kg, amifostine 200 mg/kg, and NAC 500 mg/kg were i.p. administered to the rats 15 min before irradiation. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after irradiation. Uterus samples were collected and, routine histopathological tissue processing was performed. Sections from tissue samples were stained with H&E and analyzed with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling method (TUNEL assay). Results: Severe morphological degenerations and increases in the apoptotic index (AI) were observed in the radiotherapy group. Tissue protection and AI reduction were observed in the amifostine and NAC groups. Melatonin was more effective than amifostine and NAC. Morphological damage was almost completely repaired, and the AI of the melatonin group was quite similar to that of the control group. Conclusion: This experiment failed to determine a more successful administration technique of amifostine. The protective effects of amifostine and NAC were similar. Melatonin was more successful than these two drugs, and might be an alternative to amifostine when time, dose, or adverse effect constraints are encountered.Öğe Localization of estrogen receptor ? and progesterone receptor B in bovine cervix and vagina during the follicular and luteal phases of the sexual cycle(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Sagsoz, H.; Akbalik, M. E.; Saruhan, B. G.; Ketani, M. A.The localization and distribution of estrogen receptors (ER a) and progesterone receptors (PR-B) in the cervix and vagina of sexually mature bovines during the follicular and luteal phases of the sexual cycle were studied using immunohistocehmistry. The estrous cycle stage of 23 Holstein bovines was assessed by gross and histological appearance of ovaries and blood steroid hormone values. Tissue samples from cervix and vagina were fixed in 10% formaldehyde for routine histological processing. Nuclear staining for ER a and PR-B was observed in the epithelial cells of the surface epithelium, stromal cells and smooth muscle cells. Generally, in the cervix, ER a immunoreactivity was more intense in the epithelial and smooth muscle cells during the follicular phase and in the epithelial cells during the luteal phase (p < 0.05). PR-B immunoreactivity was more intense in the epithelial and smooth muscle cells than in the superficial and deep stromal cells during the follicular and luteal phases (p < 0.05). In the vagina, ER a and PR-B immunoreactivities were more intense in the epithelial cells than in the connective tissue cells and smooth muscle cells during the follicular and luteal phases (p < 0.05). These results indicated that the frequency and intensity of ER a and PR-B immunoreactivity in the cervix and vagina of bovines varied according to the cervical and vaginal cell types and the phases of the sexual cycle.Öğe Micrometry and histology of circumvallate papillae in rat(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2006) Kilinc, M.; Ketani, M. A.; Hatipoglu, E. S.; Tacar, O.The circumvallate papilla of the rat is a horseshoe - shaped, midline structure situated in the posterior of the tongue. A papilla is often surrounded by a circular moat or trench. The purpose of the present study was to investigate micrometric measurements of circumvallate papillae during postnatal development in male and female rats.Öğe Morphological Changes Caused by Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in the Healthy Gingiva of Rats(Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag Medizinverlage Heidelberg Gmbh, 2016) Dag, A.; Firat, E. T.; Uysal, E.; Ketani, M. A.; Seker, U.Background and Objective: Epidemiologic and clinical studies have indicated that diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease progression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the morphological changes of gingiva in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Material and Methods: 30 male Wistar rats that weighed 250-300g were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups, one with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and another one with healthy (non-diabetic) animals. All rats were sacrificed after 21 days, and their maxillary first molars with surrounding tissues were observed morphological analyses. Results: In this study, it was observed that the epithelial thickness was greater in the diabetes group, compared to the control group. The statistical comparison of the diabetes and control groups for the thickness of each of the layers of the epithelium demonstrated that the thickness of the keratinized (corneum), granular and basal layers had significantly increased in the diabetic animals. Furthermore, the diabetes group displayed a decrease in the height of the connective tissue papillae, which was found to be statistically insignificant. Another important finding detected in the diabetes group was the congestion of the gingival capillaries, which showed that blood circulation is impaired in diabetes cases. Conclusion: On the basis of the results obtained in this study, it was concluded that streptozotocin-induced diabetes may increase predisposition to periodontal disease by causing morphological changes in the periodontal tissues.Öğe Morphological Study by Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Lingual Papillae in the Middle East Blind Mole Rat (Spalax ehrenbergi, Nehring, 1898)(Wiley, 2010) Kilinc, M.; Erdogan, S.; Ketani, S.; Ketani, M. A.P>There is no definite information about the tongue morphology of blind mole rats owing to spreading of these animals to only a certain habitat. For this reason, we aimed to examine the morphological structure of the tongue by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in this species. In this study, the tongues of four blind mole rats were used and the morphology of its lingual surface, different types of papillae, their characteristics and topographical distribution was described. Three types of papillae (filiform, fungiform and vallate) and lingual prominence were observed. The dorsal surface of the tongue was covered by filiform papilla; and filiform papillae demonstrated the most numerous type of lingual papilla. Fungiform papillae were rounded in shape and randomly distributed particularly on the anterior and medial region. In addition, each fairly convex fungiform papilla was surrounded by a continuous circular pad like a crown. The two oval vallate papillae were situated symmetrically on the posterior region and obliquely to the median line of the tongue. The body of vallate papillae was surrounded by a continuous trench and mucosal folds. The lingual prominence between medial and posterior region and a transversal groove just in front of it were observed. Furthermore, a limited tuber and root based diet and gnawing have together resulted in similarity of the tongue of the rodent, giving it some characteristics typical of a herbivore and an insectivore.
