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    Effects of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers on the nutritional status of the loquat trees
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2003) Doran I.; Kaya Z.; Caglar S.
    The nutritional status of the loquat trees was investigated using cattle manure and commercial fertilizers for three years. The farmyard manure increased: N, P, K, Mg, Fe and Zn contents of the leaves. No significant difference was found between the fertilizer types for trunk growth. Yield efficiency was nearly doubled by application of farmyard manure. Fertilizers did not affect the weight and shape of the fruits; however, commercial fertilizers led the lower total acidity in fruits. It was concluded that the loquat trees grown in sandy soils could fulfill their principal nutrient requirements for growth and commercial yield with application of farmyard manure.
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    Effects of ropivacaine volumes in axillary brachial plexus block
    (2005) Ölmez G.; Özyilmaz M.A.; Kaya Z.; Tekeli T.
    Aim: Increasing local anaesthetic volume may provide greater distribution of the drug within the brachial perivascular sheath. This study was performed to determine the effect of different volumes of ropivacaine in brachial plexus anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: After obtaining ethics committee approval, 40 ASA I-II patients receving axillary blocks were randomised into 2 groups. Group I received 20 mL 1 % ropivacaine and Group II received, 20 mL 1 % ropivacaine diluted with normal saline to a total volume of 40 mL. Time to onset of sensory and motor block, resolution of motor block, and onset of postoperative pain and the quality of block were recorded. Results: Times to onset of sensory and motor block, resolution of motor block and onset of postoperative pain were similar in two groups (p>0.05). Surgical anaesthesia was unsatisfactory in 6 patients in Group I and in 4 patients in Group II. requiring local supplementation by the surgen. Conclusion: We conclude, that there is no difference in the effect of anaesthetic and analgesic properties for axillary plexus block when 200 mg of ropivacaine is diluted to a total volume of 20 or 40 mL.
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    General features of infective endocarditis in the South-eastern and Eastern anatolia: A retrospective, multicenter study
    (2012) Islamoglu Y.; Aksakal E.; Kaya Z.; Atilgan Z.; Kayan F.; Sunbul S.; Kalkan K.
    The present study aimed to evaluate general features of infective endocarditis (IE) in multiple tertiary university hospital. The study included 44 patients (23 women, 21 men; mean age 44±19 years; range 15 to 85 years) who were diagnosed as having definite IE, according to the modified Duke criteria, between June 2007 and June 2011. Data were reviewed on age, sex, underlying heart disease, echocardiographic and microbiological findings, treatment, complications, and mortality. Infective endocarditis developed on a native valve in 30 (72.7%), a mechanical prosthetic valve in 12 (27.3%). Prosthetic valves 12 (27.3%) were the most common preexisting valvular abnormality. The mitral valve was the most commonly affected valve in both native valves (50%) and prosthetic valves (66.6%). The most frequent symptom was fever (n = 27, 61.4%). Electrocardiography showed abnormal findings in 22 cases (50%). Transthoracic and/or transesophageal echocardiography showed a vegetation in 41 cases (93.2%), and absce 3 cases (6.8%). Staphylococci (29.6%) and streptococci (25%) were the most common causative agents ,and Brucella were 15.9%. Cultures were negative in 7 cases (15.9%). Nine patients (20.4%) underwent surgical treatment. Embolic events (n = 6, 35.3%) were the major complications. In-hospital mortality occurred in 6 cases (13.6%). The data reflect epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological profile of IE in multiple tertiary hospital located in the South-eastern and Eastern Anatolia.