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Öğe Early Stepdown Weaning of Dairy Calves with Glutamine and Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementations(Mdpi, 2022) Wickramasinghe, Janaka; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Beitz, Donald; Appuhamy, RangaSimple Summary We demonstrated previously that supplementation of glutamine (Gln) at 2.0% of dry matter intake (DMI) increased the rate at which dairy calves achieved >= 1.0 kg/d starter feed intake (SFI) during weaning. Because Gln supplements at <1.0% of DMI or branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements have been shown to improve the performance of weaning piglets, we examined the effects of a lower dose of Gln (8.0 g/d equivalent to 1% of DMI) alone or in combination with BCAA supplementations on SFI and average daily gain (ADG) in this study. Amino acids did not affect SFI or ADG during the supplementations but decreased post-weaning SFI in an additive manner even though the ADG was not affected. The blood analysis on the last day of supplementations revealed a possibility for the Gln and BCAA supplementations to suppress SFI through leptin and serotonin secreted by the gastrointestinal tract. The study objective was to examine the effects of supplementing Gln and BCAA on the SFI and ADG of weaning dairy calves. Holstein heifer calves (11 calves /treatment) at 35 d of age were assigned to: (1) no amino acids (CTL), (2) Gln (8.0 g/d) alone (GLN), or (3) Gln (8.0 g/d) and BCAA (GLNB; 17.0, 10.0, and 11.0 g/d leucine, isoleucine, and valine, respectively) supplementations in whole milk during a stepdown weaning scheme. Calves were weaned completely once they achieved >= 1.0 kg/d SFI. Neither GLN nor GLNB affected SFI or ADG in the first week during weaning. The GLNB decreased SFI compared to CTL, but the SFI was similar between CTL and GLN in the remainder of the weaning scheme. All calves were weaned at 50 d of age. The SFI of GLNB was lower than that of GLN, and the SFI of both GLN and GLNB were lower than CTL post-weaning. The decreased SFI did not alter ADG during weaning or post-weaning. The GLNB tended to have higher plasma leptin and lower plasma serotonin concentrations compared to CTL. Glutamine and BCAA seem to affect the SFI of calves by modulating the secretions of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract.Öğe Effects of ELF-MF and Strontium Ranilate on Periodontium in Rats (Duble Blind)(Medwell Online, 2011) Kaya, Filiz Acun; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Celik, Mustafa Salih; Kilinc, Nihal; Ozekinci, Selver; Saribas, EbruIn the present experimental study, it was investigated the periodontium of rats that exposed to Extremely Low Frequency-Magnetic Field (ELF-MY), overectomized bilaterally and treated with Strontium Ranelate (SR). The experiments were performed on 75 female Sprague-Dawley (4 months) rats. The rats were divided into five groups (n = 15). All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy except those in I and III groups. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed before 4 days at the beginning of the experiments under ketamine anesthesia (100 mg kg(-1), intramuscularly) and II, IV and V groups animals were subjected to 1.5 mT ELF-MT exposure during 6 months, 4 h a day starting 5th day after the surgery. There were statistically significant differences among the all groups in the case of periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and gingiva (p<0.05). As a result of the study there were different levels of histopathologic changes occured between control and experimental changes in the case of all periodontal tissue examination. These results may hypothese that both ELF-MF and Strontium renalate have effects on periodontal tissues.Öğe Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields on Periodontal Tissues and Teeth in Rats(Medwell Online, 2011) Kaya, Filiz Acun; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Dasdag, Suleyman; Yavuz, Izzet; Kilinc, Nihal; Dogru, Arzum GulerThe aim of this study is to research the effects of ELF magnetic fields on periodontal tissues and teeth in rats histopathologically. The experiments were performed on 27 male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4 months at the beginning of the study, weighing (342.4 +/- 38.89) g and fed with standard pelleted food. The rats were divided into three groups; two experimental and one control (sham). Experimental groups were exposed to 100 and 500 mu T ELF magnetic fields during 10 months, 2 h a day, respectively. Third group was sham that were treated like experimental group except ELF magnetic fields exposure in methacrylate boxes. There was no statistical difference between the experimental groups among all tissues (p>0.05). Alveolar bone, pulp and gingiva there were statistically significant differences among the groups of sham and 1st experimental, sham and 2nd experimental (p<0.05). The statistical difference between the experimental and sham groups in the study makes us to think that ELF magnetic fields may have effects on periodontal tissues and teeth.Öğe The effects of morus nigra on the alveolar bone loss in experimentally-induced periodontitis(Istanbul Univ Press, Istanbul Univ Rectorate, 2019) Yildirim, Tuba Talo; Ozan, Gonca; Dundar, Serkan; Bozoglan, Alihan; Karaman, Tahir; Dildes, Neval; Kaya, Can AyhanPurpose The aim of this study is to evalute the anti-inflammatory effects of morus migra on experimentally-induced periodontitis in rats. Materials and Methods Twenty-four Wistar-albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (C, n=8), experimental periodontitis (PER, n=8), experimental periodontitis and treated with Morus nigra (MN+PER, n=8) (50 mg/kg per day for 21 days). After 21 days, the rats were sacrificed, and alveolar bones were evaluated histopathologically and histometrically analyzed to obtain level of alveolar bone loss. The detection of RANKL and OPG were immunohistochemically performed. Serum and tissue levels of MMP-8 and MMP-13 were also analyzed. Results Morus nigra treatment decreased tissue MMP-8 and MMP-13 levels and there were significant differences in the case of tissue levels of MMP-8 and MMP-13 between groups PER and MN+PER (p=0.035, p=0.041). There were no significant differences among all the groups serum levels of MMP-8 and MMP-13 (p=0.067, p=0.082). In the histometric evaluation, alveolar bone loss was greater in the PER group compared to C and MN groups (p=0.035). Immuno-histochemical staining of RANKL activities were found significantly lower (p=0.037) and OPG activities were found significantly higher in MN+PER group when compared to PER group (p=0.021). Conclusion The present study reveals that systemic administration of Morus nigra significantly inhibited the regional alveolar bone resorption and contributes to periodontal healing in the rat experimental-periodontitis models.Öğe Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation by 900 MHz Mobile Phone on Periodontal Tissues and Teeth in Rats(Medwell Online, 2008) Kaya, Filiz Acun; Dasdag, Suleyman; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Yavuz, Izzet; Kilinc, Nihal; Kaya, SadullahThe aim of this study, is to research an answer to the question of have mobile phones effects on periodontal tissues and teeth. Twenty eight Wistar Albino adult male rats (4 months) with initial average weight of 267 +/- 15 g were obtained from the Medical Science Application and Research Center, caged individually and fed with standard pelletted food (TAVAS Inc. Adana, TR). They were separated into three groups such as cage control (n = 7), sham exposed (n = 7) and experimental (n = 14) and kept on a 14/10 h light/dark schedule. The rats were confined in a Plexiglas carousel and rat heads in the carousel exposed to 900 MHz microwave exposure emitted from generator. For the study group, rats exposed to the radiation 2 h per day (7 days in a week) for 10 months. Although, there was no statistical difference determined among the groups of experimental and sham groups (p>0.05), there were numerically more individuals effected of RF radiation in the experimental group. In our study is the statistically significant difference among the groups of experimental, sham and control groups in the case of vasodilatation in periodontal ligament and alveolar bone (p<0.05). By the histopathologic evaluation abnormal changes like vasodilatation and focal bleeding areas were determined in periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, gingiva and pulpa among some individuals. These degenerations were in different levels. These findings of our study indicates that there is need to more animal, human being and epidemiologic studies including much more individuals.Öğe Evaluating ruminal and small intestinal morphology and microbiota composition of calves fed a macleaya cordata extract preparation(MDPI, 2023) Wickramasinghe, Janaka; Anderson, Chiron J.; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Gorden, Patrick J.; Ribeiro, Flavio Rodrigues Borges; Dohms, Juliane; Rigert, Sydney; Schmitz-Esser, Stephan; Appuhamy, RangaThe objective was to determine the impact of feeding MCE on ruminal and intestinal morphology and microbiota composition of calves. A total of 10 male and 10 female crossbred (dairy × beef) calves (6 d of age) were assigned randomly to control (CTL; n = 10) or MCE-supplemented (TRT; n = 10) groups. The MCE was fed in the milk replacer and top-dressed on the calf starter during pre-weaning (6 to 49 d) and post-weaning (50 to 95 d) periods, respectively. Calves were slaughtered at 95 d to collect rumen and intestinal samples to determine volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile, mucosal morphology, and microbiota composition. The effects of MCE were analyzed by accounting for the sex and breed effects. Feeding MCE increased rumen papillae length (p = 0.010) and intestinal villus height: crypt depth (p < 0.030) compared to CTL but did not affect rumen VFA profile. The TRT had a negligible impact on microbial community composition in both the rumen and the jejunum. In conclusion, feeding MCE from birth through weaning can improve ruminal and small intestinal mucosa development of calves despite the negligible microbiota composition changes observed post-weaning.Öğe An evaluation of the effectiveness of sumac and molasses as additives for alfalfa silage: Influence on nutrient composition, in vitro degradability and fermentation quality(Wiley, 2024) Seven, Pınar Tatlı; Yıldırım, Esra Nur; Seven, İsmail; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Mutlu, Seda İflazogluThis study investigated the effects of sumac and molasses on nutrient composition, in vitro degradability and fermentation quality of alfalfa silage. Alfalfa was ensiled in quadruplicate in vacuum jars untreated group (A) or after the following treatments: sumac group at 10% (AS), molasses group at 5% (AM), and sumac (10%) and molasses (5%) group (ASM). Silos (n = 64) were stored for 0, 21, 45 or 60 days. The results showed that dry matter (DM) contents of the AS, AM and ASM groups were statistically higher than the control group (p < 0.001). Only on the 21st day of fermentation the crude ash content of the AS group was found to be significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.05). In vitro, DM and organic matter degradation values of the AMS group increased significantly (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in alfalfa silage's pH values was determined with sumac and molasses additives (p < 0.001). The ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) values of the control, AS, AM and ASM groups at Day 60 were determined as 9.08%, 7.22%, 7.00% and 6.81% respectively (p < 0.05). The water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) values of all groups on the 60th day were significantly decreased compared to the 0th day (p < 0.001). When the groups were evaluated within themselves, there was a statistically significant difference between the 0th and 60th day lactic acid values. The acetic acid content of the A group on the 60th day was found to be significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in propionic acid levels on Days 21, 45 and 60 compared to Day 0 of fermentation (p < 0.001). The highest butyric acid (BA) level was determined in the A group on the 21st, 45th and 60th days of fermentation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sumac prevents proteolysis depending on its tannin content. It improves silage fermentation positively thanks to its organic acid content, while the molasses additive is effective in silage fermentation, mainly depending on the WSC level. However, it was determined that neither additive could reduce the silage pH to the appropriate value ranges due to the low doses, and they could not mainly prevent the formation of BA.Öğe The investigation of gingival crevicular fluid prosthoglandin e2 level of the type ii diabetes mellitus patients with periodontitis(2006) Kaya, Filiz Acun; Çağlayan, Feriha; Dağ, Ahmet; Kaya, Halil; Kaya, Can Ayhan; 0000-0003-2005-6100Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and oral complications are frequently encountered in diabetic patients. In recent studies it was hypothesed that, the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) prostoglandin E2 (PGE2) levels are higher in type I diabetic individuals than non diabetics. The aim of our study is to determine the GCF PGE2 levels of the individuals with type II dibetes mellitus and periodontitis. In addition it is aimed to investigate to correlation between the GCF PGE2 levels, the clinical parameters and the severity of the disease. 20 type II diabetes mellitus patient (group I), and 20 systhemic healthy (group II), a total of 40 individual with periodontiis were examined. All individuals pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) scores were recorded to determine their clinical status. In addition to these, the volume of GCF was also determined from the same sampling side. The GCF PGE2 levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. The GCF PGE2 levels of I. andII. groups were determined sequentally as 61.88±28.71 and 13.30±4.953pg/nm. The level of PGE2 level was determined significantly higher (p<0.001) in the group of diabetes mellitus patients than systhemic healthy group. Any correlation was not determined between the GCF PGE2 level and clinical parameters among both of the groups. By comparing all oral clinical parameters it was established that there was significiant differences between the groups (P<0.001). The PD and GCF amount of sampling site was also statistically different among the groups (p<0.05), but the difference of other parameter scores were not statistically important (p>0.05). The findings of this study confirms that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and the correlation between GCF PGE2 level and the severity of the periodontal disease. Attracts attention for the GCF PGE2 level which could be used as a marker to determine the perodontal disease severity among type II diabetes mellitus patients.Öğe The Level of IL-1? In Orthodontically Treated Osteopototlc Rats(Aves Press Ltd, 2008) Gunduz-Arslan, Seher; Kaya, Filiz Acun; Arslan, Huseyin; Kaya, Can Ayhan; Hamamci, OrhanThis study aims to evaluate the levels of IL-1 beta, in samples taken from the gingival crevicular fluid (GFU) of osteoporotic rats during orthodontic treatment. 33 adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups. (15 control and 18 study group) In study group bilateral ovariectomy was carried out to create osteoporotic rats. And also in control group sham operation was carried out. Two months following the operation, an open coil spring applying 10g force, was placed actively between the upper incisors of the rats Shortly after activation, samples were taken from the gingival crevicular fluid from the vestibular surface of appliance fixed teeth on the 3rd,7th and 10th days. Samples were analyzed biochemically. The statistical analysis of data acquired from the samples was carried out by using ANOVA test. The evaluation of the changes between the groups was carried out by using Mann Whitney U test. It was observed that the level of IL-1 beta were high on the 3rd and 7th in both groups. In the comparison of control and study groups there were significant differences between the working days.
