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    Effects of halving intravaginal sponges and eCG dose on estrus response and fertility in Tahirova ewes during the breeding season
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Kasikci, Guven; Cirit, Umut; Gunduz, Mehmet Can; Bacinoglu, Suleyman; Sabuncu, Ahmet
    The aim of this study was to compare the effect of halving the intravaginal sponges impregnated with 20 mg of flugestone acetate (FGA; 20 or 10 mg) and a dose of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG; 600 or 300 IU) on fertility in Tahirova ewes. A total of 200 Tahirova ewes were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups during the breeding season. Half of the ewes (n = 100) were treated with whole intravaginal sponges (WS, 20 mg of FGA) and the other half (n = 100) with halved sponges (HS, 20 mg of FGA) for 14 days. The ewes in both groups were further randomly divided into 2 subgroups (of 50 ewes each). Half of the ewes in each group received a 600 IU dose and the other half received a 300 IU dose of eCG at sponge withdrawal via IM route. As a result, 4 treatment groups, WS 600, WS 300, HS 600, and HS 300 were established. All the ewes were injected with PGF(2)alpha (0.294 mg, IM) a day prior to sponge withdrawal. Blood samples were collected from 40 randomly selected ewes (20 from the WS group and 20 from the HS group) on the 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th, and 13th day aft er sponge insertion. Serum progesterone profiles of ewes treated with whole and halved FGA sponges were similar on all sampling days. The FGA dose (whole or halved sponge) affected the pregnancy rate and the dose of eCG (600 or 300 IU) affected the fecundity significantly, while it did not affect the pregnancy rate. The data also demonstrate that FGA dose x eCG dose interaction affects estrus and lambing rates significantly. In the whole sponge groups, ewes treated with 600 IU of eCG had significantly lower lambing rates, but a significantly higher fecundity rate compared to the ewes injected with 300 IU of eCG. While the fecundity rates were similar in the 600 IU eCG groups (WS600 and HS600), estrus, pregnancy, and lambing rates were significantly higher in the HS600 group compared to the WS600 group. It was concluded from the study that the sponges containing 20 mg of FGA can be halved for a more economical estrus synchronization at the farm level in Tahirova ewes, resulting in higher pregnancy rates, but halving the recommended dose of eCG (600 IU) could decrease the fecundity rate.
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    The effects of oviductal cell co-culture and different gas mixtures on the development of bovine embryos in vitro
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Ozdas, Ozen Banu; Cirit, Umut; Baran, Alper; Kasikci, Guven
    The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of the addition of oviduct co-culture to synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF) and Menezo B2 media used in an in vitro study of cows, and the effects of different gas atmospheres (5% CO2 or 5% CO2, 5% O-2, and 90% N-2) on in vitro cultures. Oocytes obtained through aspiration from the ovaries of slaughtered Holstein cows were washed and cultured within a TCM-199 maturation medium at 38.8 degrees C for 23 h. Then the matured oocytes and thawed semen, prepared in accordance with the swim-up method, were incubated for fertilization within in vitro fertilization (IVF)-Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate (TALP) medium with an atmosphere including the combination of 5% CO2, 5% O-2, and 90% N-2 gas, at 38.8 degrees C for 18-24 h. Fertilized oocytes were distributed into 3 main groups: Group I: B2 (5% CO2), Group II: B2 medium (5% CO2, 5% O-2, and 90% N-2), and Group III: SOF (5% CO2, 5% O-2, and 90% N-2), and each group was divided into 2 subgroups, with and without oviduct co-culture cells, and were cultured for 9 days. The percentage of embryos that reached the blastocyst stage was 34.0%, 20.0%, and 32.3% in the co-culture group and 26.7% and 23.3% in the without co-culture group, respectively. Group III showed the highest development of expanded blastocyst stage (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the addition of co-culture to B2 (5% CO2 atmosphere) and SOF (5% CO2, 5% O-2, and 90% N-2 atmosphere) media increased the rate of transferable embryos.