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  • Küçük Resim
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    Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from Lemon Pulp for oxytetracycline removal
    (Springer Science and Business Media, 2023) Solmaz, Alper; Karta, Mesut; Depçi, Tolga; Turna, Talip; Sarı, Zeynel Abidin
    This study aims to remove oxytetracycline (OTC) that harms the ecosystem, with activated carbon (LPAC) obtained from Lemon Pulp (LP). Characterization and properties of LPAC were analyzed by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and point of zero charge (pHPZC) analyses. BET surface area, pore volume and pHPZC of LPAC produced by carbonization at 400 °C and activation with KOH at 800 °C were obtained as 1333.01 m2/g, 0.391 cm3/g, and 6.81, respectively. pH, reaction time, initial OTC concentration, and adsorbent amounts were optimized in the adsorption study performed with LPAC with high porosity and micropores. Kinetic evaluation was made with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models and Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations are used to investigate their isotherms under reaction equilibrium conditions, and also the results were analyzed by statistical method (ANOVA). In pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models, where the best results were obtained, R 2 values were calculated as 0.999 and 0.995, respectively. Maximum OTC removal efficiency was found as 104.22 mg/g. Overall, this research indicates that LPAC for the treatment of water contaminated with antibiotics is environmentally friendly green material. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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    Production and characterization of activated carbon from pomegranate peel for pharmaceutical waste (Paracetamol) removal: Response surface methodology application
    (Institute for Ionics, 2023) Solmaz, Alper; Sarı, Zeynel Abidin; Karta, Mesut; Turna, Talip; Yücel, Ayşegül; Depci, Tolga
    In this study, the goal was to utilize activated carbon (designated as PPAC) derived from pomegranate peel (PP) for the removal of paracetamol (PCM). The distinctive structure of PPAC activated with KOH at 800 C was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), revealing a surface area of 692.07 m2/g and a pore diameter of 0.429 cm3/g. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the relationship between input parameters such as PCM concentration, PPAC amount, time, pH and temperature parameters and the resulting PCM concentration output. Eight kinetic models and seven isotherm models were examined and compared. As a result, a PCM removal capacity of 214 mg/g was attained, with the most fitting kinetic model being Pseudo Second-Order (R 2: 0.997) and the most suitable isotherm model being Redlich–Peterson (R 2: 0.999). According to the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) results, the most effective parameters are time, PPAC amount, initial PCM concentration and pH, respectively. This investigation provides substantial evidence for the viability of utilizing PPAC as an economical and efficient adsorbent in PCM removal processes.