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Öğe Age-related changes in the expression of ICAM-1 in the aorta of wistar albino rats(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016) Ketani, Sennur; Karakoç, Zelal; Ketani, M. Aydın; Kılınç, MehmetICAM-1 which is expressed by endothelial cells and leukocytes are observed as first markers in diseases such as transplant rejection, diabetes and atherosclerosis and in infections caused by various pathogens. In the present study, it is aimed to reveal the age-related changes in the expression of ICAM-1 on rats. Therefore, a total of 30 albino rats were taken at the age of 6, 18 and 24 months without gender discrimination. Rats were fed with standard pellet feed during the study. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed and tissue samples were collected from their rats, and the samples were evaluated under the light microscope by staining with immnunohistochemical method. It was determined that the expression of both aortic endothelial cells and endothelial cells in the media layer had been significantly increased based on the age.Öğe Boğa ve koçların abomasum müsinlerinin histokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirilmesi(2016) Karakoç, Zelal; Ketani, M. AydınBu araştırma, boğa ve koçların abomazum musinlerinin histokimyasal ve immunohistokimyasal olarak yerleşimleri, boğa ve koç türleri arasında farklılıkların bulunup bulunmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Ayrıca, bu türlerin basit midesindeki salgı kompozisyonlarını ortaya koyacağından dolayı salgı ürünlerinin koruyucu rolünün anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Diyarbakır'da faaliyet gösteren özel bir kesimhaneden temin edilen 20 adet boğa ile 20 adet koç abomazumu kullanıldı. Abomazumun her üç bölümünden (kardiya, fundus ve pilorus) alınan dokular gruplara ayrıldı. Bütün gruplardan alınan abomazum dokuların % 10 nötral formalin solüsyonunda 24 saat süresince tespiti yapıldı. Daha sonra rutin histolojik işlemlerden geçirilerek parafinde bloklandı. Abomazum musinlerinin yerleşimlerinin belirlenmesi için Phenylhydrazine-PAS boyama, Best Carmin boyama, PAS-diastaz boyama, Alcian Blue (pH.2.5) -PAS boyama ve Alcian Blue (pH.2.5)-Aldehyde Fuchsin boyamaları ve immunohistokimyasal olarak; MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC ve MUC6'nın lokalizasyonu incelendi. Histokimyasal olarak, gerek boğa gerekse koç abomazumlarında musinlerin yerleşimlerinde önemli bir fark bulunmadığı, her iki türde de midenin tüm bölümlerinde asidik müsinlerin derinde yer alan bezlerde bulunduğu, özellikle fundus bölgesinde bulunan bezlerde derinlere doğru gidildikçe kuvvetli sülfatlı müsinlerden zayıf sülfatlı müsinlere doğru boyanma gözlendiği, karboksilli müsinlerin abomazumun her üç bölgesinde yoğun olarak bulunduğu ortaya konuldu. Yine abomazumun tüm bölgelerinde yoğun bir şekilde mikst müsinlerin varlığı tespit edildi. Nötral müsinlerin ise yine her iki türde de abomazumun tüm bölümlerinde yüzeyde yer alan bezlerde yoğun olarak bulunduğu tespit edildi. Müsinlerin histokimyasal özelliklerinin bölgeye spesifik fonksiyonları ile uyumlu olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Müsinlerin yerleşimleri ile kompozisyonları immunohistokimyasal bulgular ile de desteklendi. Anahtar kelimeler: Musin, histokimya, immunohistokimya, boğa, koç.Öğe Composition of abomasal mucins in hair goats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Karakoç, Zelal; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Ketani, Muzaffer AydinThe mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract is covered by a layer of mucusthat protects against chemical, enzymatic and mechanical damage, and pathogenic microorganisms. We investigated the composition of the mucin in the abomasum of goat kids using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. We used 6 - 8-month-old goat kids; samples were collected from the cardia, fundus and pylorus regions of the abomasum. Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-PAS, Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-aldehyde fuchsin, phenylhydrazine-PAS histochemical staining methods were used as well as Muc1, Muc2, Muc5ac and Muc6 immunohistochemistry. We found that neutral mucins, carboxylic mucins and N-acetyl sialomucins were present in the stomachs of the kids. Muc1 was expressed in all glandular epithelium cells and was expressed intensely by the mucous neck cells in the fundus. Although Muc2 expression was not observed in the cardia and fundus, weak expression was found in the surface epithelial cells and mucus secreting cells of the pylorus. Muc5ac was expressed intensely in all glandular epithelial cells and in mucous neck cells of the fundus as well as mucus secreting cells in the pylorus. Moderately intense Muc6 expression also was found in the cardia and fundus; it was expressed intensely in the mucus secreting cells of the pylorus.Öğe Deneysel diyabet oluşturulan sıçanlarda böbreklerin histolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2015) Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Kadiroğlu, Berfin; Karakoç, ZelalDiyabetes Mellitus (şeker hastalığı) karbonhidrat, yağ ve protein metabolizmalarında bozuklukla karakterize, yüksek kan glukoz seviyeleriyle seyreden ve vücutta pek çok sistemi etkileyerek yaşam boyu devam eden bir hastalıktır. Diyabetin komplikasyonlarına bağlı dokularda değişiklikler meydana gelmektedir. Histopatolojik düzeyde araştırma yapmak amacıyla sıçanlarda deneysel diyabet oluşturuldu. Denekler kontrol ve diyabet grubu olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Deneysel diyabet oluşturulurken sitrat tamponunda çözülmüş streptozotosin 50 mg/kg intraperitonal olarak tek dozda enjekte edildi. Sıçanların kan şekerleri 48 saat sonra ölçüldü. Glukoz değeri 300 mg/dl üzerinde olanlar diyabetik olarak kabul edildi. Her gruptan yedi denek 7. 14. ve 21. günlerde böbrekleri çıkarıldıktan sonra sakrifiye edildi. Alınan örnekler mikroskopta incelenmek üzere tespit aşamalarından geçirilerek parafine gömüldü. Mikroskop altında kontrol grubu böbrek dokusu normal bulundu. Diyabet grubunda ise kapiller bazal membranda kalınlaşma, Bowman kapsülünde daralma görüldü. Tübüllerde ise epitel dökülmesi, vakuolizasyon ve atrofi tespit edildi.Öğe The epiphyseal plate closure phenomena for male and female Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica): Histological and biochemical alterations(Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2020) Karakoç, Zelal; İrak, KıvançThis study was conducted to determine the effect of sex on ossification processes in quail by determining the exact closure timing of the epiphyseal plate in the proximal region of the femur. This was done by investigating the histological and biochemical parameters affecting the osteogenesis process that takes place following quail hatching to observe if any variation existed between males and females in this regard. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from six male and female specimens via IV catheters every week for the first 42 days that followed hatching. The samples were transferred into serum tubes, and PTH (PTH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), inorganic phosphorus, calcium, and vitamin D values in the samples, which are known to have an impact on ossification, were analyzed. The specimens from which the blood samples were collected were then euthanized, and histological cut-sections that covered the epiphyseal growth plate were collected, along with the bone sections of the proximal regions of the right femur. Considering decalcification, these histological sections were kept in an ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) solution. Routine histological examinations were then conducted on these sections, after which they were embedded in paraffin. Crossman’s modified triple staining method was used to prepare them, and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to statistically evaluate whether the inspected biochemical parameters played a role in the ossification process of quail and whether a statistical difference existed between sexes in this regard. The findings of our study revealed that poultry animals also have five zones in the epiphyseal plate as do mammals, and they have calcified cartilage areas. The findings also indicate that, while ossification starts to occur both in male and female quail specimens, calcification occurs more frequently in females. It was determined that the proximal epiphyseal plate regions of the femur close at the end of the sixth week in both sexes of quail, although the calcification and ossification are more advanced in some females compared with malesÖğe Farklı kedi ırklarının testislerinde sitokeratin 8’in immunohistokimyasal lokalizasyonu(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2022) Topaloğlu, Uğur; Karakoç, Zelal; Akbalık, Mehmet Erdem; Saruhan, Berna Güney; Aydın, Nurşinİntermediyer filamanlar kökeni ve hücre tipi farklı proteinler tarafından oluşturulan hücre iskeleti bileşenlerine ait proteinlerdir. Bu proteinlerin testiste; Sertoli, peritübüler miyoid ve Leydig hücrelerinde bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, testis fizyolojisi için önemli olan ve testisteki hücre iskeleti yapısına katılan sitokeratin 8 proteininin; İran, Ankara ve Van ırkı kedilerin testis dokusundaki lokalizasyonlarını immunohistokimya tekniğine göre ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada sağlıklı yavru (dokuz çift) ve yetişkin (dokuz çift) kedilerden alınan doku örnekleri kullanıldı. Alınan doku örnekleri rutin histolojik işlemlerin ardından immunohistokimyasal streptavidinbiyotin-peroksidaz kompleks boyama metoduna tabi tutuldu. Elde edilen boyama sonuçlarında, yavru ve yetişkin kedilerde incelenen alanlarda sitokeratin 8 immunoreaktivitesinin ırklara göre farklılık göstermediği saptandı. Bununla birlikte intersitisyel dokuda ve Leydig hücrelerinde immunoreaktivitenin negatif olduğu fakat Sertoli ve germ hücrelerinde ise çekirdek etrafında şekillendiği görüldü. Ayrıca epididimis ve deferens kanallarının epitellerinde de sitoplazma ve çekirdekte pozitif immunreaksiyonun olduğu belirlendi. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda sitokeratin 8’in olgun kedilerde bir kısım farklılıkları türe özgü oluşturabildiği ve kedi testislerindeki bazı hücrelerin iskelet yapısına katılarak spermatogenezisin olgunlaşması, korunması ve spermlerin taşınması gibi önemli roller üstlenebileceği düşünülmüştür.Öğe Immunohistochemical distributions of leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones in bull and ram abomasum(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Karakoç, Zelal; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Bayram, Bayram; 0000-0002-0723-4059; 0000-0002-8306-491XIn most mammals, leptin plays central and peripheral roles in a wide range of metabolic activities including feed consumption and digestion, energy expenditure and the regulation of carbohydrate-fat accumulation. Ghrelin is a strong appetite-stimulating hormone, while obestatin has the opposite effect of ghrelin. The latter is released during feeding, causing a sense of satiety. This study aimed to reveal if the metabolic hormones, as well as OB-R and GHS-R, were present in bull and ram abomasums. Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method was implemented to determine the expressions and localizations of metabolic hormones and their receptors, and obestatin. Immunoreactivity for leptin and obestatin was present in the cytoplasms of luminal and glandular cells, while smooth muscle cells were immunoreactant for ghrelin, in both bull and ram abomasums. Immunoreactivity for OB-R was present in luminal and glandular cell, parietal cell cytoplasms, and blood vessels. Immunoreactivity for GHS-R, on the other hand, was found in glandular epithelial cell cytoplasms and parietal cell cytoplasms, in both bull and ram abomasums. Leptin immunoreactivity was detected in the glandular epithelial cells and stroma, and particularly in the parietal cells. Ghrelin immunoreactivity was not observed in glandular epithelial cells. Obestatin immunoreactivity was found intensely in the bull abomasum, while moderate immunoreactivity was observed in the ram abomasums. As such, leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones were expressed in bull and ram abomasums, similar to the abomasums of other species. It is believed that these hormones play important roles in the digestive system activities and the regulation of energy in bulls and rams.Öğe Immunohistochemical distributions of leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones in bull and ram abomasum(Wiley, 2022) Karakoç, Zelal; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Bayram, BayramIn most mammals, leptin plays central and peripheral roles in a wide range of metabolic activities including feed consumption and digestion, energy expenditure and the regulation of carbohydrate-fat accumulation. Ghrelin is a strong appetite-stimulating hormone, while obestatin has the opposite effect of ghrelin. The latter is released during feeding, causing a sense of satiety. This study aimed to reveal if the metabolic hormones, as well as OB-R and GHS-R, were present in bull and ram abomasums. Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method was implemented to determine the expressions and localizations of metabolic hormones and their receptors, and obestatin. Immunoreactivity for leptin and obestatin was present in the cytoplasms of luminal and glandular cells, while smooth muscle cells were immunoreactant for ghrelin, in both bull and ram abomasums. Immunoreactivity for OB-R was present in luminal and glandular cell, parietal cell cytoplasms, and blood vessels. Immunoreactivity for GHS-R, on the other hand, was found in glandular epithelial cell cytoplasms and parietal cell cytoplasms, in both bull and ram abomasums. Leptin immunoreactivity was detected in the glandular epithelial cells and stroma, and particularly in the parietal cells. Ghrelin immunoreactivity was not observed in glandular epithelial cells. Obestatin immunoreactivity was found intensely in the bull abomasum, while moderate immunoreactivity was observed in the ram abomasums. As such, leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones were expressed in bull and ram abomasums, similar to the abomasums of other species. It is believed that these hormones play important roles in the digestive system activities and the regulation of energy in bulls and rams.Öğe Intestinal morphology and mucin composition in Japanese quails fed on olive cake diet(South African Journal for Animal Sciences, 2022) Karakoç, Zelal; Özcan, CahitOlive cake, sometimes also called spent olive, is a low-energy nutrition source. It possesses various biological properties that are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral in property due to its rich polyphenolic compound content. Mucins can be found in the composition of the mucus that cover the surface of the gastrointestinal tract. Feed additives can influence the mucin composition, as well as the height and width of the villi, which are biological appendages tasked to increase the absorption surface in the small intestinal mucosa. The aim of the present study was to determine the histology of the small intestine in Japanese quails fed with olive cake. In the study, mixed-sex quails fed with rations containing different amounts of olive cake were used as the live material. Morphological measurements, Alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff, and aldehyde fuchsin/Alcian blue histochemical stains were performed on stomach and small intestine tissues taken from quails. Significant increases in villus height, villus width, and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileal tissues were determined in control and experimental groups. The increase in crypt depth was greatest in the ileum. In the jejunal tissue, it was determined that the width of the villus decreased in groups 1 and 2 but increased in group 3. In the histochemical evaluation, it was determined that sulphate mucins were intense in the proventriculus, while carboxylic mucins were intense in all three parts of the small intestine. Considering the physiological functions of mucins, olive cake is thought to play an important role in the protection of the mucosa in quails.Öğe Kör fare (Spalax ehrenbergi, Nehring, 1898) kolonunda MUC1, MUC2 ve MUC5AC’nin dağılımı(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2015) Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Karakoç, Zelal; Ketani, ŞennurBirçok türde gastrointestinal kanal boyunca salgılanan müsinlerin profillerinin birbirinden farklı olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sunulan çalışmada kör farelerin kolonunun epitel ve kadeh hücrelerinde MUC1, MUC2 ve MUC5AC proteinlerinin ekspresyonlarını immunohistokimyasal olarak ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Bu çalışmada ortalama ağırlıkları 200-220 gr. arasında değişen 2 adet dişi ve 2 adet erkek yetişkin kör fare kullanıldı. Kör fare kolonundan alınan doku örnekleri, formol-alkol solusyonunda 18 saat süre ile tespit yapıldı. Kör fare kolonunda luminal ve kript epitel hücrelerinden MUC1, MUC2 ve MUC5AC’nin ekspresse olduğu ve kadeh hücrelerinde MUC2’nin daha baskın olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, kör fare kolonunda luminal ve kript epitel hücreleri ile kadeh hücrelerinden MUC1, MUC2 ve MUC5AC’nin lokalize olduğu bulundu.Öğe Kör fare (Spalaxehrenbergi, Nehring, 1898) kolonunun histolojik ve histometrik incelenmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2016) Topaloğlu, Uğur; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Saruhan, Berna Güney; Karakoç, ZelalBütün türlerde sindirim sisteminin bir parçası olan kolon, birçok hayvan türünde farklı histolojik yapıya sahiptir. Yapılan bu çalışmada kör farelerin kolonunda bulunan kriptlerin derinlik ve genişlik ölçümlerinin yanı sıra goblet hücrelerinin dağılımını göstermeyi amaçladık. Çalışmada ortalama ağırlıkları 200-220 gr. arasında değişen 2 adet dişi ve 2 adet erkek yetişkin kör fare kullanıldı. Alınan doku örneklerine histometrik ve histolojik incelemeler yapıldı. Diğer memelilerde olduğu gibi kör fare kolonu yüzey epiteli tek katlı prizmatik epitel ile çevrelenmekteydi. Kript derinliklerinin farklılık gösterdiği ve lamina muskülarise kadar devam ettiği gözlenirken, kriptlerin tabanındaki goblet hücre sayısının yüzeyine göre daha fazla sayıda olduğu belirlendi.Öğe Kıl keçisi abomasumunda ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin hormonlarının immunohistokimyasal dağılımları(2019) Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Karakoç, ZelalAmaç: Ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin hormonları iştah düzenleyici hormonolarak adlandırılırlar. Ghrelinin yemeyi başlattığı, obestatininiştahı baskıladığı ve leptinin tokluk hissi verdiği bildirilmiştir. Yapılançalışmalarda insan ve diğer memeli türlerinde ghrelinin, obestatininve leptinin midenin tüm bölümlerinden değişik yoğunluklardaeksprese olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sunulan çalışma kıl keçisi abomazumundaghrelin, obestatin ve leptin hormonlarının ekspresyonununbelirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 6-8 aylık oğlaklara ait abomazum dokularıtemin edilip, abomazumun kardiya, fundus ve pilorus bölgelerindendoku parçaları alındı. Rutin histolojik takipten sonra alınankesitlere ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin immunohistokimya boyamalarıuygulandı.Bulgular: Yapılan histolojik değerlendirmede abomazumun her üçbölgesinde ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin için değişik yoğunlukta pozitifreaksiyon veren hücrelere rastlandı. Kardiya bölgesinde immunoreaktiviteninabomazum boyunca dağınık bir yerleşim gösterdiğive fundus bölgesinde immunoreaktivitenin özellikle pariyetal hücrelerdeolduğu belirlendi. Ortalama H skoruna göre ghrelinin kardiyabölgesinde, obestatinin pilorus bölgesinde ve leptinin fundus bölgesindekihücrelerde yoğun olarak eksprese olduğu belirlendi.Öneri: İştah düzenleyici hormonlar olan ghrelin, obastatin ve leptininkıl keçilerinin abomazumunda kardiya, fundus ve pilorus bölgelerindende değişik yoğunluklarda eksprese olması bu hormonlarınyem alımı üzerindeki fizyolojik etkileri göz önüne alındığında kıl keçilerindede benzer fonksiyonları yerine getirdiğini düşündürmüştür.Ancak ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin hormonlarının hayvan beslenmesindekullanımı ile ilgili daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.Öğe Mikroskopların çalışma mekanizması ve çeşitleri(Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2016) Karakoç, Zelal; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Ketani, ŞennurTemel tıp bilimleri ve biyolojide sistem, organ ve doku fonksiyonu hakkında bugün eriştiğimiz bilgi düzeyinin temeli, fonksiyonel birim olan hücre ve yapıları hakkındaki bilgilerimiz nedeniyledir. Bu nedenle bilim insanları tarih boyunca, gözle göremedikleri bu mikro evrendeki yapıları görünür hale getirip, deneysel bilgiler toplayabilmek için farklı büyütme araçları, mikroskoplar üretme çabasında olmuşlardır. Bileşik ilk mikroskop Janssen’in 16. yüzyılda ürettiği mikroskoptur. Ancak tarihte ilk mikroskop Hooke (1635-1703) tarafından üretilmiştir. Hooke bir boru içine yerleştirdiği merceği ve oküleri, bir yağ lambası (ışık kaynağı) ve su dolu küre (kondensör) yardımıyla, ince kesilmiş şişe mantarı dilimleri üzerine odaklayarak gördüğü yapıyı “hücre” olarak isimlendirmiştir. 1665 yılında Micrographia isimli kitabını yayımlamıştır. Geçmişten günümüze tüm mikroskopların arasında görüntü itibariyle çok büyük farklar olmasına rağmen görüntülemenin temel prensibini oluşturan fizik kanunları aynıdır. Bugün laboratuvarlarda görüntüleme amacıyla en sık ışık, elektron demeti ve ultrases kullanan mikroskoplardan yararlanılmaktadır.Öğe Mucin profiles of the abomasum in bulls and rams: A comparative study(Wiley, 2016) Karakoç, Zelal; Sağsöz, Hakan; Ketani, Muzaffer AydınMany pathogens require direct binding to mucosal cells to cause an infection. The mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract, which is covered by a mucin layer, fulfills several protective functions that are essential to maintaining the health of the digestive tract. Mucins are glycoproteins, which are found on membranes and in mucus gels and protect the underlying mucosal cells. Both membrane-associated mucins and secreted mucins are critical components of mucosal defense. The aim of this study was to determine the localization and expression of mucin profile of the abomasum via histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. The abomasums of 20 bulls and 20 rams were evaluated. Histochemical examination showed that neutral and acidic mucins were present in the mucosa and the glands of the pars cardiaca, fundus, and pars pylorica of the abomasums of both bulls and rams. However, the expression of acidic mucins was weak in the superficial glands and strong in the deep glands of the abomasum of rams. In both bulls and rams, MUC1, MUC5AC, and MUC6 were expressed in the glandular epithelial cells in all regions of the abomasum. Interestingly, while MUC2 was not expressed in the pars cardiaca and fundus, it was weakly expressed in the parietal cells of the pars pylorica in both species. In conclusion, the presence of neutral and acidic mucins and MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6 proteins in luminal epithelial and glandular cells of abomasum in the bulls and rams support the hypothesis that mucins play a key role in the protection of the abomasal mucosa against infectious agents.Öğe The protective effect of Aspalathus linearis against the experimental gastric ulcer induced by ethanol in rats(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2023) Oruç, İdris; Karakoç, Zelal; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Akduman, Filiz; Baksi, Nazan; Korkmaz, Veli; Oruç, ZeynepThis study aimed to investigate the effect of Aspalathus linearis on the expression levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and their ability to present antigens to CD8, CD68, and T cells in an experimental rat model of gastritis. Furthermore, changes in tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF–α), myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels due to the antioxidant properties of the plant were evaluated. The study included 24 female Wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). A. linearis was administered to the treatment groups of an ethanol–induced gastritis rat model via oral gavage for 5 days the blood and stomach tissues were sampled for analysis. Biochemical evaluation revealed that TNF–α and myeloperoxidase levels decreased and superoxide dismutase activity increased in the A. linearis–treated groups compared with the ethanol–treated group. Histochemical evaluation revealed that the severity of inflammation decreased in the rats with gastritis treated with A. linearis. In addition, the number of cells expressing CD8 and CD68 decreased. The number of MHC–II immunopositive cells was higher in the A. linearis–treated group compared with the control and other treatment groups. A. linearis exhibits a protective effect on gastric mucosa by reducing the severity of oxidative stress owing to its antioxidant, anti–inflammatory, and antiapopitotic properties.Öğe The protective effect of Pomegranate extract against the experimental gastric ulcer induced by ethanol in rats(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Karakoç, Zelal; Oruç, İdris; Toptancı, Bircan Çeken; Baksi, Nazan; Ketani, Muzaffer AydınThe Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a commonly found fruit in the Mediterranean and Iran, which has a variety of uses including medicinal purposes, cosmetics, and as a spice in culinary applications. Pharmacological functions of Pomegranate include antioxidation, anti–tumor, anti–hepatotoxicity, anti–lipoperoxidation and antibacterial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Pomegranate extract by utilizing its antioxidant activity in an experimental rat model of gastritis induced by ethanol. In the study, 24 female Wistar albino rats (180–200 g) were used. Gastritis in rats was induced using Ethanol. In experimental groups, Tumor necrosis factor–alpha, Myloperoxidase, Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde were examined for biochemical analyzes. Streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemistry method was applied to gastric tissues with gastritis. A statistically significant difference was observed between Superoxide Dismutase and Meloperoxidase levels. CD8 and CD68 immunoreactivity was higher in the Ethanol group compared to the other groups. A decrease was observed in CD8 and CD68 positive immunoreactivity in Ethanol+Pomegranate extract group compared to Ethanol group. The study found that the immunoreactivity of MHC–I and MHC–II was found in specific locations, namely intraepithelial lymphocytes located in the epithelium, some capillary vessel endothelium, and connective tissue. Changes in anti–oxidative stress markers such as Superoxide Dismutase and Myloperoxidase contributed to the mucosal protective effect of Pomegranate extract in Ethanol–induced gastritis.Öğe Rats with Acute Gastritis Experimentally Induced with Ethanol Distribution of Mast Cells in the Liver, Lung and Kidneys(Dokuz Eylul University, 2024) Aydın, Muhammed Kasım; Baksi, Tuba; Karakoç, Zelal; Baksi, Nazan; Ketani, AydınMast cells are found in systems that are in contact with the external environment, such as blood vessels, nerves, respiration, and digestion. Mast cell proteases play important roles in the regulation of humoral and cellular events in the tissue. In rodents, mast cells are of two types: mucosal and connective tissue origin. This study aimed to examine mast cells histochemically and eosinophils in the possible damage that ethanol may cause in the liver, lung, and kidneys of rats with gastritis and also to determine whether pomegranate extract affects these cells. In our study, liver, lung, and kidney tissue samples taken from rats were stained with Alcian Blue/ Safranin O, Toluidine Blue to identify mast cells, and Congo Red to identify eosinophils. In the histological evaluation, it was determined that mast cells were located especially around blood vessels. It was determined that heparin-containing mast cells were dense in liver tissue, and histamine-containing mast cells were dense in lung tissue. It was determined that mast cells were less dense in kidney tissue than in liver and lung tissues. When the locations and densities of mast cells in rats are considered, it can be said that they undertake similar tasks in functions such as vasopermeability and inflammatory cell response, as in other mammalian species.
