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    Effects of salmon calcitonin and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) on gastric mucosal barrier in stress induced rats
    (Academic Journals, 2009) Kanay, Z.; Kurt, D.; Guzel, C.; Denli, O.; Ketani, M. A.; Nas, K.
    The aim of this investigation was to examine and compare the effects of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and salmon calcitonin (sCT) on gastric lesions and mucosal barrier components such as mucus and phospholipids in rats exposed to cold + restraint stress (CRS). Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats (150 - 200 g) used for this study were provided by the Animal Health and Research Center of Dicle University Diyarbakir/Turkey (DUSAM). The rats were withheld from feeds for 24 h; then, they were divided into four groups - each of which consisted of seven rats such as: control, stress, and CGRP + CRS and sCT + CRS groups. CGRP and sCT were administered 10 mu g/kg intravenously 30 min prior to stress induction. After scarification of the rats, stomachs were examined macroscopically for ulcerative lesions. The amounts of mucus and phospholipids, which are important components of the gastric mucosal barrier, were then measured according to Corne and Baur methods. It was found that cold + restraining stress caused gastric lesions to increase, and that the application of CGRP and sCT decreased the lesions (P = 0.002, P = 0.001 respectively). Moreover, at the same time, it was determined that the decrease in the amount of mucus and phospholipids, due to the stress, was prevented significantly by administration of CGRP and sCT; for mucus as P = 0.002 and P = 0.002 respectively, for phospholipids as P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively. According to our findings, CGRP and sCT were found to be effective in preventing acute hemorrhagic gastric lesions caused by stress, and in maintaining gastric mucosal barrier parameters.
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    Effects of seasonal and physiological variations on the serum chemistry, vitamins and thyroid hormone concentrations in sheep
    (Wiley, 2006) Yokus, B.; Cakir, D. U.; Kanay, Z.; Gulten, T.; Uysal, E.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of the reproductive status and seasonal variations on the serum chemistry and vitamin status and their relationships with the thyroid hormones in Sakiz-Awassi crossbreed sheep. The sheep (n = 34) were divided into two groups. The first group (n = 22) was mated; the second group (n = 12) was not mated. Their serum samples were collected four times a year at the each season and under reproductive status. The periods are 1, early pregnancy (October); 2, late pregnancy (January); 3, lactation (April); and 4, dry season (July). The results of this study indicated that (1) total protein (TP), globulin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and T4/T3 vary with reproductive status but not seasonal variations; (2) alanine aminotransferase, T4, fT4 concentrations in serum vary only with reproductive status; (3) the urea, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, albumin, triglyceride, VLDL, Vit A-E, T3 and fT3 concentration could vary with both reproductive status and seasonal variations; (4) the glucose, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, folate concentrations were altered neither season of the year nor the reproductive status; (5) a single reference interval for folate, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glucose, TP, globulin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and T4/T3 can be used for both mated and non-mated sheep because of no differences were found due to the reproductive status. Taking the results together suggests that reproductive status and seasonal variations have to be taken into consideration for a correct interpretation of the serum chemistry values of sheep. Nutritional supplements are required for sheep during certain periods to avoid a decline of their performance, which would then represent consequent economic, loses.