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    Comparison of a recently developed nanofiller self-etching primer adhesive with other self-etching primers and conventional acid etching
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2009) Basaran, Guevenc; Ozer, Torun; Kama, Jalan Devecioglu
    The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the bond strengths and modes of failure of brackets bonded with three self-etching products [Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M Espe), Futurabond NR (Voco) and Transbond Plus (3M Unitek)] and a conventional 38 per cent phosphoric acid-etching system Etch-Rite (Pulpdent Corp.) at two different time points. Ninety-six defect-free premolars were randomly allocated to eight groups (n = 12). The etching procedure was carried out according to the manufacturers' instructions. The shear bond strengths (SBSs) were measured after storage in distilled water for 12 and 24 hours. The brackets were debonded using a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Multiple comparisons of the SBSs for the different etching types were performed using analysis of variance. The chi-square test was used to evaluate differences in adhesive remnant index (CARI) scores among the groups. The differences between SBSs analysed at 12 and 24 hours were not significantly different. Although a significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed with conventional and self-etching primer (SEP) adhesive systems, SEP revealed bond strengths higher than clinically accepted limits (6-8 MPa). SEP systems can achieve successful orthodontic bond strengths. The rate of development of the bond strength must be determined to ensure sufficient maturation of orthodontic adhesives before functional loading.
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    Longitudinal changes in dental arches from mixed to permanent dentition in a Turkish population
    (Mosby-Elsevier, 2007) Arslan, Seher Guenduez; Kama, Jalan Devecioglu; Sahin, Semra; Hamamci, Orhan
    Orthodontists can benefit from understanding occlusal changes during every stage of human development. The growth and development period is influenced by environmental factors, nutrition, and ethnic variations; systemic health and individual variations can also occur. Our aim in this study was to investigate the longitudinal changes in dental arch dimensions during the transition from mixed dentition (T1) to permanent dentition (T2) in children living in Turkey. Methods: Sixty-five patients ( 36 girls, 29 boys) with complete records from the mixed dentition to the early permanent dentition stages were included in this study ( total, 130 dental casts). All casts ( T1 and T2) had been prepared in centric relation by wax bites, and 14 parameters were measured on these casts. Results: The initial parameters in this Turkish population showed sexual dimorphism; however, during the observation period (T2-T1), there was no sexual dimorphism in arch dimension changes. There were significant changes in arch width parameters ( especially in girls), overjet, and overbite in Turkish children between the midmixed and the permanent dentitions. Conclusions: These results should be useful in planning orthodontic treatment for patients in the mixed and early permanent dentition.
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    One-year follow-up of the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on colonization by oral Candida
    (Wiley, 2008) Arslan, Seher Guenuez; Akpolat, Nezahat; Kama, Jalan Devecioglu; Oezer, Toeruem; Hamamei, Orhan
    The aim of this study was to assess quantitative and qualitative alterations in the carrier rate of Candida spp. in south-eastern Turkey among adolescents, and to investigate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on the Candida count in a 1-year follow-up study. In the first phase of the study, the oral Candida carriage rate of 72 patients was evaluated. Samples were collected from the dorsal surface of the tongue, the mid-palate and saliva. In the second phase of the study, 42 patients who were determined to be carriers of oral Candida were treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, and from these patients a second set of samples were collected from the saliva and the orthodontic brace surfaces of eight teeth adjacent to the enamel surfaces. The saliva samples were collected before and during orthodontic treatment at 1st, 6th and 12th month, and samples from the braces were collected during the 1st, 6th and 12th month of treatment. Forty-two of the 72 patients (583%) were oral Candida carriers. The distribution of Candida spp. in these patients was as follows: (i) Candida albicans was identified in 31 patients (73.8%), (ii) C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. kefyr were found in three patients each (7.14%) and (iii) C. parapsilosis occurred in two patients (4.76%). During orthodontic treatment, the micro-organism count increased both in the saliva and on tooth surfaces. The results indicate that the prevalence of oral Candida spp. is high in young adults in south-eastern Turkey and that the Candida counts increase when braces are involved.