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    The effects of Mannheimia haemolytica and albendazole on marbofloxacin pharmacokinetics in lambs
    (Springer, 2019) Altan, Feray; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Corum, Orhan; Alp, Simten Yesilmen; Ipek, Polat; Uney, Kamil
    The study aimed to define the effects of M. haemolytica and a single oral dose of albendazole on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in lambs. The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration of marbofloxacin was applied to describe a 3 mg/kg intramuscular dose in lambs. The 6 healthy and 12 naturally infected with M. haemolytica lambs (Akkaraman, males weighing 10-15 kg and aged 2-3 months) were used in this study. In the marbofloxacin group, 6 healthy lambs received marbofloxacin. In the albendazole group after 2 weeks washout period, the same animals received marbofloxacin on 1 h after albendazole. In the diseased marbofloxacin group, 6 lambs naturally infected with M. haemolytica received marbofloxacin. In the diseased albendazole group, 6 lambs naturally infected with M. haemolytica received marbofloxacin on 1 h after albendazole. The marbofloxacin and albendazole were administered each as a single dose of 3 mg/kg intramuscular and 7.5 mg/kg oral, respectively, in the respective groups. Plasma concentration of marbofloxacin was measured with HPLC-UV and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by non-compartmental model. Albendazole did not change the pharmacokinetic profiles of marbofloxacin in healthy and diseased lambs. However, M. haemolytica affected the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in diseased lambs, AUC(0-24)/MIC90 ratio was not found to be higher than 125, but C-max/MIC90 ratios was found to be higher than 10 for an MIC value of 0.25 mu g/mL in all groups. The marbofloxacin dose described in this study may not be effective for the treatment of infections due to M. haemolytica in lambs, with MIC <= 0.25 mu g/mL.
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    The investigation of lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant levels and some hematological parameters in sheep naturally infested with Wohlfahrtia magnifica larvae
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Saki, Cem Ecmel; Cay, Mehmet
    Wohlfahrtia magnifica is the main agent of traumatic myiasis in many central and eastern European countries as well as in the Mediterranean basin and Asian countries. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of myiasis infestation on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant levels and several hematological parameters in the sheep naturally infested with W. magnifica larvae. A total of 38 sheep, including 19 awassi sheep naturally infested with W. magmfica larvae and 19 clinically healthy awassi sheep, were studied. The infected animals were divided into three groups depending on the number of larvae (Group 1: <50 larvae: Group 2: 50-100 larvae; Group 3: >100 larvae). In blood samples, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit concentration and white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil counts, plasma malondialdehyde, erythrocyte glutathione levels and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity were studied. The results revealed a marked decrease in red blood cell counts and hemoglobin concentrations along with a significant increase in white blood cell and neutrophil counts. The elevation in plasma malondialdehyde levels, a function of lipid peroxidation, established a significant difference between the control group and groups 2, 3. Decreased activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase was found significant in the control group and all parasitemia. We conclude that in natural infestations with W. magnifica, as in infestation with Lucilia cuprina, there is a notable increase in inflammatory activities resulting from the movements, secretions, and toxins of the larvae and form the toxins secreted by the bacteria - which leads to an impression of anemia - and that the tissue injury results in an increase in level of free radicals in the organism. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Molecular investigations of Hepatozoon species in dogs and developmental stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus
    (Springer, 2013) Aktas, Munir; Ozubek, Sezayi; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin
    The occurrence and distribution of Hepatozoon species in stray dogs, and the developmental stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus detached from the same dogs in DiyarbakA +/- r Province, Turkey is reported. A total of 328 ticks, including 133 adults (55 males and 75 females consist of 63 partially engorged and 15 fully engorged) and 195 nymphs (91 partially engorged and 104 fully engorged) were detached from the dogs. Fully engorged nymphs and females were incubated at 27 A degrees C and relative humidity of 85 % to molt to adult stage and recover eggs. The ticks were pooled according to sex and developmental stage. No Hepatozoon gamonts were found, whereas, by PCR, 15.87 % (10/63) of the dogs were infected with Hepatozoon canis. Of the 68 tick pools tested, 14 (20.58 %) pools were infected with Hepatozoon spp., an overall maximum likelihood estimation of prevalence of 4.9 % (95 % confidence intervals (CI) = 2.85-7.93 %) per 100 ticks. Maximum likelihood estimation of the infection rate varied by tick sex and developmental categories, ranging from 1.75 % (95 % CI = 0.11-8.11 %) in fed males to 6.81 % (95 % CI = 2.07-17.46 %) in unfed females. One amplicon from a fed adult female was 99 % identical to the sequence for Hepatozoon felis. The remaining sequences isolated from both dogs and ticks shared 99-100 % similarity with the corresponding H. canis isolates. This is the first detection of H. canis and H. felis in the tick R. sanguineus in Turkey.
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    A Molecular Survey of Rickettsias in Shelter Dogs and Distribution of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) sensu lato in Southeast Turkey
    (Oxford Univ Press Inc, 2018) Ozubek, Sezayi; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Aktas, Munir
    Canine tick-borne pathogens are the source of emerging diseases and have important zoonotic relevance. Dogs play a major role in the transmission of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens, as reservoirs and/or sentinels. To simultaneously detect Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species, a reverse line blot assay was conducted on 219 blood samples collected from autochthonous asymptomatic shelter dogs. One hundred and three (47.0%, CI 40.3-53.9) dogs were positive for one or both rickettsial pathogens. Seventy-one (32.4%, CI 26.3-39.0) dogs were infected with Anaplasma platys and 23 (10.5%, CI 6.8-15.3) with Ehrlichia canis. Concurrent infection with A. platys and E. canis was detected in nine (4.1%, CI 1.9-7.6) dogs. Partial sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene shared 100% identity with the corresponding published sequences for A. platys and E. canis. Infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum was not detected in the examined dogs. In total, 1018 (range 1-70, mean intensity 13.1, mean abundance 4.6) Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) (Acari: Ixodidae) sensu lato ticks (45.7% nymphs, 54.3% adults) were collected from the dogs. There was no significant association between Anaplasma/Ehrlichia infection and dog sex or age, but a significant correlation was found between rickettsia infection and presence of R. sanguineus. Improved tick control strategies to reduce the risk of these pathogens spreading among dogs and humans are needed in the region.
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    Seasonal Distributions of External Myiasis Flies Determined in Diyabakir Province
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Saki, Cem Ecmel; Ozer, Edip
    This study was carried out in Diyarbakir city center, and Silvan, Ergani, Cinar, Lice town between in January 2008 - December 2009. In order to gather the flies, then to capture and then to kill them, the odour bait traps were used. 6581 flies were caught from traps in total. The flies were identified in the laboratory according to their morphological characteristics and it was seen that 5424 (82.43%) of the flies were Lucilia sericata, 833 (12.65%) were Calliphora vicina, 222 (3.38%) Chrysomyia albiceps, 93 (1.42%) were Calliphora vomitoria, 3 (0.04%) were Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis, 3 (0.04%) were Sarcophaga argyrostoma and 3 (0.04%) were S. sarcophaga carnaria. It was determined that 5186 (78.80%) of the total number of flies were female and 1395 (21.20%) were male. Females and males of all the species, except males of Sarcophaga argyrostoma and Sarcophaga carnaria, were detected. Flies did not appear in January, December and August in both years. The flies appeared at highest rate in April 2008 (48.43%) and in April 2009 (45.64%) respectively.
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    A study on serostatus of neosporosis in dairy cattle in the Diyarbakir Province of Turkey
    (Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2020) Diker, Ali Ihsan; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin
    Neosporosis is one of the most major cause of bovine abortion with great negative subclinical economic effects on reproductive health and productive parameters in cattle throughout the world. Various commercial serological tests are used in diagnosis or epidemiological studies in the field. Different seroepidemiological studies of neosporosis in cattle from different parts of the world have reported seroprevalence values from 3.8% up to 76%. Data of the seroprevalence of neosporosis in dairy cattle in Turkey varies between 6% and 32.7%. This study is planned to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in 519 dairy cattle from different locations of Diyarbakir province. The overall seroprevalence of neosporosis in dairy cattle was found as 7.9% in Diyarbakir province.
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    Two different myiasis cases in southeast of Turkey ophthalmomyiasis and cutaneous myiasis
    (Springer, 2015) Dokur, Mehmet; Eroglu, Fadime; Ipek, Duygu Neval Sayin; Ulutasdemir, Nilgun
    Myiasis has become increasingly prevalent, particularly when human activity is carried out in environments with poor hygiene. We reported two cases of human myiasis in this paper. All of myiasis cases initially presenting to the Emergency Department of Kilis State Hospital in Turkey were identified. We present one case of ophthalmomyiasis caused by Oestrus ovis and one case of cutaneous myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata. Both of the myiasis cases were reported from rural area case limiting the exposure to adult flies and exterminating the flies will play important role in preventing the myiasis.