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    ABATEMENT THE EFFECT OF WATER SCARCITY ON PEPPER SEEDLINGS BY SEED PRIMING WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Imriz, Gul
    Among the abiotic stress factors, drought is one of the most critical stressors which could be in coaction with plant diseases and other stressors. Mitigating the impact of drought on plants will assist in managing the control of plant diseases with an indirect approach. Seed priming is recently one of the preferred techniques to combat with biotic and abiotic stress factors. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of seed priming with H2O2 on pepper seedlings for decreasing effect of water stress under controlled conditions. Pre-sowing seed treatment was performed as four different applications including three concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (at 1%, 2% and 3%) and sterile, distilled water. The seeds were, afterwards, sown in pots that had three types of irrigation regimes (100%, 50%, and 25% of field capacity) applied following the initial life water of sown seeds. Besides, the effects of treatments on seed germination potentials were simply determined through blotting paper test. Seed priming with hydrogen peroxide at %1 was the most effective concentration for plants watered at 100% of field capacity (FC) in terms of all physiological parameters taken in the study. The seed treatment promoted the growth of pepper plants nicely at full FC by enabling it to obtain the maximum plant length (11.00 cm), root length (11.08 cm), fresh plant weight (9.45 g) and number of leaves (10.33). Besides, 1% H2O2 was followed with 2% concentration for promoting the plants with good performance under the water deficit at 50 and 25% of FC. However, the study revealed that seed pretreatment with H2O2 at 3% had a negative effect on the growth of pepper plants. The germination percentage of the treated seeds were 76.67, 65.83, 40.00, and 30.83, treated with sterile distilled water, 1%, 2%, and 3% concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The results concluded that seed priming with lower concentration (1%) hydrogen peroxide might be used to improve growth for pepper plants under water deficit conditions.
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    THE ACTION OF METHYL JASMONATE ON THE GROWTH OF FUSARIUM CULMORUM CAUSING ORGANISM OF FOOT AND ROOT ROT DISEASE IN WHEAT
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Imriz, Gul
    Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Smith), one of the soil-borne fungal agents causing diseases in wheat, is difficult to control by chemical applications. Presowing seed treatments have been attracting attention as an alternative approach for controlling such pathogens. Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) is one of the best-known priming agents in plants used against biotic and abiotic stressors. In the present study, seed priming with MeJA in three different concentrations (1mM, 0.1mM, and 0.01 mM) was examined for antifungal activity on the growth of F. culmorum in vitro and in vivo conditions. In the in vitro assay, direct effect on the mycelial growth of F. culmorum was determined on Potato Dextrose Agar. In vivo antifungal activity of MeJA was evaluated on the basis of disease response of durum wheat seedlings emerged from MeJA treated seeds sown artificially contaminated with F. culmorum under controlled conditions. The results in the study reveal that all concentrations of MeJA had no direct inhibition activity on F. culmorum mycelial growth. However, there was a considerable suppressive impact on the pathogen growth on wheat seedlings treated with 1 mM MeJA whereas there was no protection obtained from other concentrations.
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    Biological control potential of rhizosphere bacteria with ACC-deaminase activity against Fusarium culmorum in wheat
    (Lithuanian Research Centre Agriculture & Forestry, 2020) Imriz, Gul; Ozdemir, Fatih; Karaca, Mehmet Sait; Tas, Murat Nadi; Topal, Ilker; Ercan, Birol
    Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Smith) is one of the fungal soil-borne plant pathogens causing significant yield and quality losses in cereals. Chemical attempts are not only insufficient for controlling such pathogens, but also they bring hazardous effects on the environment and living organisms. Therefore, environment-friendly plant-beneficial microorganisms including bacteria would replace chemical control agents as promising and sustainable pest management. Numerous studies showed that some strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria comprising the enzyme ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate)-deaminase could promote the plant growth acting as a biological control agent by lowering the level of excessive ethylene in plants exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was aimed to evaluate the rhizobacterial isolates obtained from rhizosphere of cereal plants in Konya and Karaman provinces in Turkey for potency of enzyme ACC-deaminase activity and in vitro I in vivo suppression ability on E culmorum. In total 31 out of 463 rhizobacterial isolates successfully suppressed in vitro growth of E culmorum on potato dextrose agar following dual-culture technique. Afterwards, the successful isolates were examined for ACC-deaminase activity using ACC as the sole nitrogen (N) source. Two isolates coded as Gu2 and 127b with the highest enzyme ACC-deaminase activity were included in pot trials under controlled conditions for assessing in vivo pathogen suppression ability on wheat seedlings. The in vivo pathogen suppression efficiency of Gu2 and 127b isolates was determined as 81.25% and 37.50%, respectively. It was determined that both rhizobacterial isolates belonged to Bacillus spp. with high reliable score based on MALDI Biotyper System classification results.
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    Molecular characterization of the Pratylenchus vulnus Populations on cereals in Turkey
    (Soc Nematologists, 2020) Karaca, Mehmet Sait; Yavuzaslanoglu, Elif; Imriz, Gul; Sonmezoglu, Ozlem Ates
    Pratylenchus vulnus (walnut root lesion nematode) is one of the most damaging root lesion nematode species worldwide. In this study, 17 populations of P. vulnus obtained from wheat and barley cultivated fields in 2016 to 2017 in Turkey (Karaman and Konya provinces) were identified using real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. Samples provided a single peak at 87.3 degrees C with real-time PCR. D2 to D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA of one population from Cihanbeyli district in Konya province was sequenced and recorded in GenBank (Accession number: MT320536.1). Alignments of the population was identical 98.66% to the populations of P. vulnus available in GenBank (Aces. nos: LT985479.1 and LT965052.1) and 98.65% (Acts. nos: KY424305.1 and KY424304.1).