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    Clinicohematological Profile of Pancytopenia: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital
    (Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2016) Gupta, Monika; Chandna, Abha; Sanjay, Kumar; Kataria, Sant Prakash; Hasija, Sonia; Singh, Gajender; Rajeev Sen
    Objective: Pancytopenia is a clinicohematological problem with wide spread discriminated diagnosis. A through evaluation of patient is necessary to identify the cause as large number of patients has reversible etiology and early diagnosis may be lifesaving. Diagnosis of pancytopenia requires microscopic examination of bone marrow aspirates to assess the overall cellularity and morphology. This study was conducted with the aim to find out the cause of pancytopenia on the basis of bone marrow findings. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of pathology over a period of one year. A total of 169 patients were included in the study that fulfilled the criteria of pancytopenia. A detailed clinical history and physical examination followed by complete blood count, peripheral smear examination and bone marrow aspiration was done in all cases. Results: There was slight male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of patients were in second and third decade. The main cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia followed by mixed nutritional deficiency anemia and others. Conclusion: This study emphasized that in developing countries like India majority of the patients had reversible etiology and patients can be put on a trial of hematinics and close haematological follow up.
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    Etiological Profile of Plasmacytosis on Bone Marrow Aspirates
    (Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2016) Gupta, Monika; Malik, Shivani; Kalra, Rajnish; Sharma, Nisha; Singh, Sunita; Gupta, Veena; Jain, Promil; Sen, Rajeev
    Objective: In recent years, during routine examination of bone marrow aspirates, an increased plasma cell percentage has been noted in a good number of cases which included both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. An attempt has been made to observe the spectra of conditions with plasmacytosis in bone marrow. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of pathology over a period of one year. A total of 114 bone marrow aspirates that showed increased plasma cells (>3.5%) constitute the study material. A detailed relevant clinical examination followed by complete blood count, peripheral smear examination and bone marrow aspiration was done in all cases. Results: There was slight female predominance with male to female ratio of 1:1.1. The majority of patients were in 4th decade. The plasma cell concentration ranged from 5% to 36%. As far as the etiology is concerned, 96 cases (84.2%) were non-neoplastic and 18 cases (15.7%) had neoplastic etiology. Conclusion: Bone marrow plasmacytosis can present as diagnostic dilemma and some time can be challenging to differentiate reactive from neoplastic condition as there is an overlap both in counts and morphology. Each case with plasmacytosis especially in the overlap range requires complete clinical evaluation, individualized investigations and more specific tests like immunoelectrophoresis and bone marrow biopsy with immunohistochemistry to arrive at a final diagnosis for patient management.