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Öğe Acute Unilateral Myopia Induced by Add-On Aripiprazole: A Case Report(Kure Iletisim Grubu A S, 2016) Gunes, Mehmet; Demir, Suleyman; Bulut, Mahmut; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Atli, Abdullah; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Yuksel, HarunThe partial agonist aripiprazole is a novel atypical antipsychotic with a relatively safer side effect profile. Acute unilateral myopia is a very rare condition that is commonly associated with drug use. Here, we present a woman diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) who have been treated for two years in our clinic. She was on fluoxetine (Prozac) 80 mg/day when adding aripiprazole (Abilify) 10 mg/day as an augmentation agent has triggered unilateral myopia. After cessation of aripirazole her myopia has disappeared. Psychiatrists should keep in mind that unilateral myopia as a side effect may develop after combining aripiprazole with fluoxetine in patients with OCD and MDD.Öğe Comparison of plasma MicroRNA levels in drug naive, first episode depressed patients and healthy controls(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Acar, Senel; Coskun, Salih; Gunes, Mehmet; Gunes, Serkan; Yilmaz, Mehmet Fatih; Gorur, AysegulMajor depression is the most common psychiatric disorder. The diagnosis of depression depends on a patient's subjective complaints, and the nature of the heterogeneous disorder. Thus, there is no known biomarker for depression to date. Previous research has indicated that microRNAs are dysregulated in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. We aimed to investigate microRNA dysregulation in plasma samples of patients with major depression. Venous blood samples of 50 depressed patients and 41 healthy controls were collected and the quantification of microRNAs was established using qRT-PCR. We found miR-320a significantly downregulated and miR-451a significantly upregulated in depressed patients. We also found miR-17-5p and miR-223-3p upregulated, but not as significantly as miR-451a. Merging our results with previous published data shows that the blood miR-320 family may be a potential microRNA family dysregulated in major depression. Research should be performed on miR-320-related pathways and their relationship to depression. Additionally, miR-451a could serve as a candidate biomarker for depression based on the acting mechanism of ketamine. Studies targeting miR-451a levels before and after treatment could be helpful. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Comparison of plasma MicroRNA levels in drug naive, first episode depressed patients and healthy controls (vol 69, pg 67, 2015)(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Acar, Senel; Coskun, Salih; Gunes, Mehmet; Gunes, Serkan; Yilmaz, Mehmet Fatih; Gorur, Aysegul[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Decreased Serum Sulphydryl Levels as a Sign of Increased Oxidative Stress in Generalized Anxiety Disorder(Korean Neuropsychiatric Assoc, 2013) Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Bez, Yasin; Karababa, Ibrahim Fatih; Emhan, Ali; Aksoy, Nurten; Bulut, Mahmut; Gunes, MehmetObjective In recent years, many published studies have focused on the relationship between oxidative stress and psychiatric disorders. However, studies in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are few despite relatively high prevalence rates. In an attempt to fill this gap in the literature we aimed to measure serum levels of free sulphydryl, an important member of antioxidant defense mechanisms, of the patients with GAD. Methods A total of 35 (23 female, 12 male) GAD patients without any other co-morbid medical or psychiatric disorder and 35 (23 female, 12 male) healthy controls have been included in the study. Disease severity of the patients were quantified by using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Serum free sulphydryl group levels of patients and healthy controls were measured in an appropriate way. Results Mean level of serum sulphydryl groups was significantly lower in the patient group. There was a negative correlation between their level and the disease duration. However, they did not show any significant correlation with the disease severity. Conclusion Decreased serum sulphydryl level observed in pure GAD patients suggests an increased oxidative stress in these patients. Well designed future researches are needed to replicate our findings and to test the implications of the present study.Öğe Diagnostic performance of increased prolidase activity in schizophrenia(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2016) Gunes, Mehmet; Bulut, Mahmut; Demir, Suleyman; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Atli, Abdullah; Kaplan, IbrahimWe investigated whether prolidase activity has a diagnostic test value in schizophrenia and assessed the relation between prolidase activity and sociodemographic-clinical characteristics of patients with schizophrenia. Fifty patients with schizophrenia (diagnosed as schizophrenia according to DSM-V criteria) and 50 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Case and control groups had a similar distribution in age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. Serum prolidase activity was measured in both groups and was determined to be significantly higher in the patient group (509.706 +/- 41.918) compared to the control group (335.4 +/- 13.6; t = 6.231; p = 0.0001). A cut-off point of 392.65 U/L prolidase was determined for diagnostic measures from the plotted ROC curve. The area under the ROC curve was 1.000, which was significant (p < 0.0001). Higher values were assigned as the disease state. Both positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 100% at the cut-off point of 392.650 U/L. The prolidase levels of the control group were all below the cut-off point. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, gender, or BMI (p > 0.05), and no correlation was found between mean prolidase activity and age of onset of the disease, family history, disease duration, number of hospitalizations, subtypes of schizophrenia, PANSS scores or sub scores, CGI-S scores, S-A scale scores, and the antipsychotic treatment (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicate that serum prolidase activity may be a useful diagnostic test for schizophrenia; however, further studies are needed to verify this. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injections on radicular pain, functionality, psychological status and sleep quality in patients with lumbar disc herniation(Ios Press, 2017) Sariyildiz, Mustafa Akif; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Yazmalar, Levent; Gunes, Mehmet; Turan, YahyaBACKGROUND: The significance of fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is well known. The aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of TFESI on radicular pain, functionality, psychological status, and sleep quality in patients with LDH. METHODS: Seventy-five LDH patients (36 males, 39 females) were enrolled in the study. All patients received a fluoroscopically guided TFESI (betamethasone 40 mg, lidocaine 2%). Also all patients were evaluated according to (with the visual analogue scale) radicular pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), hospital axiety and depression scale, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) at baseline, at two weeks, and 12 months post injections. RESULTS: Mean age was 46.4 +/- 12.5. When compared to baseline measurements there were significant improvements in radicular pain, ODI, modified schober, Laseque angle, finger to floor distance, depressive symptoms and PSQI scores at two weeks and 12 months after injection. Improvement of at least 50% in radicular pain relief, ODI score and sleep quality index was detected at two weeks 83%, 71%, 69% respectively. This rate showed regression at 12 months of 73%, 65% and 62% respectively. Duration of symptoms was significantly negatively correlated with changes in scores of radicular pain, ODI, depressive symptoms, and PSQI. There were no significant correlations with symptom duration and anxious symptoms. CONCLUSION: Fluoroscopy guided TFESI had positive effects on radicular pain, functionality, depressive symptoms and sleep quality in management of LDH.Öğe Evaluation of Paraoxonase, Arylesterase and Malondialdehyde Levels in Schizophrenia Patients Taking Typical, Atypical and Combined Antipsychotic Treatment(Korean Coll Neuropsychopharmacology, 2016) Gunes, Mehmet; Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Bulut, Mahmut; Demir, Suleyman; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Atli, AbdullahObjective: Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) prevents lipids from peroxidation and functions as an antioxidant mechanism. Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) is the final product of lipid peroxidation and can be used as an indicator of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate PON1, MDA, and arylesterase (ARY) levels in schizophrenic patients who, are taking typical, atypical, or combined (typical and atypical) antipsychotic drug treatment, with respect to those of healthy controls, Methods: We evaluated 41 patients (11 taking typical antipsychotics, 19 taking atypical antipsychotics, 11 taking combined anti psychotics) and 43 healthy controls. Results: MDA levels were higher in schizophrenic patients taking typical antipsychotics compared with healthy controls (p=0.001). ARY levels were higher in patients taking atypical antipsychotics compared with healthy controls (p=0.005): PON1 activity was similar in all groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate that treatment with typical antipsychotic drugs could be related to increased MDA levels; and antipsychotic medication may increase PON1 levels in schizophrenic patients.Öğe Evaluation of Risk Factors for ADHD and Co-Morbid Psychiatric Disorders Among the Parents of Children With ADHD(Sage Publications Inc, 2019) Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Atli, Abdullah; Bulut, Mahmut; Gunes, Mehmet; Demir, Suleyman; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Yuksel, TugbaObjective: The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of ADHD and other psychiatric disorders among parents with at least one child with ADHD relative to parents with children who do not have ADHD. Method: Eighty five parents of children with ADHD with 68 control parents who had healthy children without ADHD were interviewed for participation in present study. Each parent was evaluated for co-existing psychiatric disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I). Results: We found that ADHD and co-morbid psychiatric symptoms were increased in the parents of children with ADHD in comparison with the healthy control group. Conclusion: Psychiatric co-morbidity was more common among the parents of patients with inattentive and combined presentations. Adult ADHD is associated with psychiatric co-morbidities including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and somatoform disorders as well as substantial role impairment.Öğe Evaluation of serum inflammatory markers in treatment-resistant manic patients and adequate responder manic patients(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2019) Bulut, Mahmut; Cati, Songul; Gunes, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Ozkan, MustafaMania is accompanied with immune activation as indicated by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins; and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is known to accompany signs of immune-inflammatory responses in bipolar disorder (BD) and medical disorders. In this study, it was aimed to compare high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), CEA levels and white blood cells (WBCs) counts in the treatment-resistant BD (Group 3), the treatment-responsive BD patients (Group 2), and the healthy control group (Group 1). The socio-demographic data form, the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness (CGI-S) Scale were applied to the patients. In Group 3, the WBCs counts, and CEA levels were significantly higher than the other two groups. There was a positive correlation between WBCs counts and YMRS and CGI-S scores in all manic patients. There was a positive correlation between CEA levels and YMRS, HDRS and CGI-S in manic patients. This study shows that there is an activation of the immune-inflammatory response system in treatment resistant manic patients; and, WBCs counts and CEA levels are associated with severity of disease in manic patients.Öğe An evaluation of the efficacy and side effects of a single dose of ketamine in major depressive disorder(Oxford Univ Press, 2024) Uyar, Betul; Gunes, MehmetAim This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the antidepressant and antisuicidal efficacy of ketamine in patients with unipolar depression, with a focus on the clinical evidence and safety profile.Material-Method In our study, the data of 120 major depressive disorder patients who received single-dose ketamine infusion therapy were evaluated retrospectively, with Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) applied by the clinician before treatment and at the 4th and 24th hours after treatment and side effects at 4 and 24 hours after treatment.Results There was a statistically significant difference between MADRS and MADRS-Suicide scores of all participants before the ketamine infusion (0th hour) and at the 4th and 24th hours after the ketamine infusion. Also, male and female, RAT(+) and RAT(-), and SA(+) and SA(-) participants have statistically significant differences on all three times for both MADRS and MADRS-S scores.Conclusion The findings of this study are in line with those from previous research that demonstrated the rapid and robust antidepressant effects of ketamine, even in individuals with severe, treatment-resistant depression. Moreover, the observed reduction in suicidal ideation is particularly noteworthy, given the critical need for interventions that can provide rapid relief in acute suicidal crises. Key message What is already known on this topic - Ketamine is known for its rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, demonstrating significant symptom relief within hours of administration. What this study adds - This study provides additional evidence supporting ketamine's rapid efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, highlighting statistically significant improvements observed at 4 and 24 hours post-treatment. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy - The findings may encourage broader clinical adoption of ketamine for acute depressive episodes and suicidality, emphasizing the need for controlled medical settings to manage potential side effects, and could influence future research on optimizing dosing protocols and long-term safety.Conclusion The findings of this study are in line with those from previous research that demonstrated the rapid and robust antidepressant effects of ketamine, even in individuals with severe, treatment-resistant depression. Moreover, the observed reduction in suicidal ideation is particularly noteworthy, given the critical need for interventions that can provide rapid relief in acute suicidal crises. Key message What is already known on this topic - Ketamine is known for its rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, demonstrating significant symptom relief within hours of administration. What this study adds - This study provides additional evidence supporting ketamine's rapid efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, highlighting statistically significant improvements observed at 4 and 24 hours post-treatment. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy - The findings may encourage broader clinical adoption of ketamine for acute depressive episodes and suicidality, emphasizing the need for controlled medical settings to manage potential side effects, and could influence future research on optimizing dosing protocols and long-term safety.Öğe Increased High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1) level in major depressive disorder(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2015) Demir, Suleyman; Bulut, Mahmut; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Sevim, Bunyamin; Demirpence, Ozlem; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Gunes, MehmetObjective: It was reported that High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), also known as the nuclear transcription factor, is a late mediator of inflammation. It was thought that HMGB1 has a prominent role in the activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-alpha), Interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-8 which are proinflammatory mediators during inflammation. HMGB1 plays a role in progress, diagnosis and prognosis of immune system illnesses. Besides suppressing the immune system, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) was indicated to cause changes in inflammatory processes. Biological determinants affecting the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of depression are quite limited. Therefore, new etiological models are needed to explain the pathophysiology of depression. There is no study in the literature investigating level of HMGB1 in MDD of the humans. This study aims to examine the role of inflammation in the etiology of depression based on the HMGB1 in patients with MDD. Methods: A total of 30 patients diagnosed with MDD were included in the study. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects without any psychiatric disorders. A socio-demographic information form, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGIS) were administered, and blood was taken for measurement of HMGB1 levels. Results: Significantly higher HMGB1 values were identified with the patient group when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study is the first in which HMGB1 level was investigated in MDD ot the humans. The findings of the study reveal that HMGB1 tends to be higher in patients with MDD, and a high HMGB1 value supports the view that inflammation might have a critical role in the etiology of MDD.Öğe The investigation of factors related to suicide attempts in Southeastern Turkey(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2016) Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Atli, Abdullah; Demir, Suleyman; Gunes, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Bulut, Mahmut; Sir, AytekinBackground: Suicide is an important health problem in Turkey as it is in all regions of the world. Suicidal behavior has multiple causes, which are broadly divided into those related to proximal stressors and those due to predisposition. Suicide statistics may be associated with mental health disorders, which are among the foremost predictors of suicide attempts. More than 90% of patients who commit suicide have a diagnosable psychiatric disorder, usually a major depressive disorder. Other major risk factors for suicide attempts are history of suicide attempts in the family, stressful life events, sleep disturbances, poor income, unemployment, severity of symptoms of depression, and anxiety. Sleep is a complex phenomenon. Sleep disturbances can therefore be contributed to the emergence of suicidal behavior allowing for the possibility of predicting future suicides. Methods: We evaluated 106 patients who were admitted after suicide attempts to the Department of Psychiatry at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine. The recruited subjects were assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, and the intensity of symptoms was evaluated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The mean values of the subjects attempting multiple and single suicides were compared using appropriate inferential statistical tests. Results: Most suicide attempts are believed to be preventable. Our results revealed that a great variety of risk factors are associated with an increased risk for multiple suicide attempts. Most of these attempts appeared to be spontaneous and impulsive rather than planned. In particular, this study highlights the importance of previous suicide attempts, history of suicide in the family, history of stressful life events in the previous 6 months, poor income, unemployment, sleep disturbances, severe hopelessness with depression, and coexisting symptoms of anxiety as risk factors. Conclusion: The first step in prevention of suicides is doubtlessly strong and reliable communication, due to the fact that the majority of subjects who commit suicide have had contact with a health professional during the month before the suicide.Öğe Levels of endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes are not related with BDNF levels in patients with schizophrenia: a case-controlled study(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Bulut, Mahmut; Kaplan, Ibrahim; Gunes, MehmetPURPOSE: While the pathogenesis of schizophrenia has yet to be fully clarified, a huge amount of data suggests the involvement of endocannabinoid system and neurotrophic factors in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, only a very limited number of studies have investigated these two systems together. With this disease containing various unknowns, our primary aim was to simultaneously investigate the serum levels of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) enzymes, which play significant roles in endocannabinoid system mechanisms, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a frequently investigated and important neurotrophic factor in patients with psychiatric disorders. METHODS: This study comprised a total of 34 (24 men, 10 women) schizophrenia patients and 35 (26 men, 9 women) healthy control groups, aged between 18 and 65 years. PANNS and Clinical Global Impression Scale Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were used to measure disease severity. Serum FAAH, MAGL and BDNF levels of the patients and controls were measured by conventional methods. FINDINGS: Compared to the healthy control group, patients with schizophrenia had decreased FAAH activity, increased MAGL activity and lower BDNF levels. No correlation was noted between BDNF serum levels with FAAH or MAGL activities. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study showed that there were changes in the levels of metabolizing enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in schizophrenia patients, and these changes were accompanied by a decrease in BDNF levels. While this study provided important information, primarily investigating endocannabinoids and the neurotrophic factor in schizophrenia, future research should be conducted on better designed patient groups and investigate additional parameters.Öğe Lipid peroxidation markers in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: New findings for oxidative stress(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2013) Bulut, Mahmut; Selek, Salih; Bez, Yasin; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Gunes, Mehmet; Karababa, Fatih; Celik, HakimMalondialdehyde (MDA) is a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation where paraoxonase and arylesterase are two enzymes against it. Although increased MDA has been previously shown in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (A-ADHD), levels of paraoxonase and arylesterase enzymes have not been studied yet. We aimed to determine the status of both MDA level and paraoxonase and arylesterase enzyme activities in A-ADHD patients. A total of 35 adults with ADHD diagnosis according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria and 29 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum MDA, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels of the participants were measured. The disease severity of the patients was determined by using Turgay's Adult Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) DSM IV Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale. The serum MDA level of patients was significantly higher than that of healthy control subjects, whereas their paraoxonase and arylesterase levels were significantly lower. There was no correlation between the levels of biochemical parameters (MDA, paraoxonase and arylesterase) and the disease severity. Sub-types of A-ADHD were similar in terms of these biochemical parameters. Increased lipid peroxidation, a part of oxidative stress, in adults with ADHD appears to be unbuffered by antioxidant enzymes, namely paraoxonase and arylesterase. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with major depressive disorder undergoing no pharmacological therapy(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2015) Demir, Suleyman; Atli, Abdullah; Bulut, Mahmut; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Gunes, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Demirpence, OzlemStudies attempting to clarify the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and the immune system have been increasing in recent years. It was reported that increased production of the main proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and that of acute phase reactants may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of depression. Stress and depression were reported to increase leukocyte and neutrophil counts and to decrease lymphocyte count. Biological determinants affecting the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of depression are quite limited. Therefore, new etiological models are needed to explain the pathophysiology of depression. In recent years, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was determined to be a good indicator of inflammatory status. There is no study in the literature investigating NLR in MDD. This study aims to examine the role of inflammation in the etiology of depression based on the NLR in MDD patients who are undergoing no pharmacological therapy. A total of 41 patients diagnosed with MDD, who received no antidepressant therapy within the past 1 month, were included in the study, which took place between January and March 2015. The control group consisted of 47 healthy subjects with no psychiatric disorders. A sociodemographic information form and a Beck Depression Scale were administered, and the blood was taken for biochemical analysis. Significant differences were identified in the NLR, neutrophil count, lymphocyte percentage, and leukocyte values of the patient group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Our study is the first in which NLR was investigated in MDD. The findings of the study reveal that NLR tends to be higher in patients with MDD, and a high NLR value supports the view that inflammation is a critical factor in the etiology of MDD.Öğe Oxidative metabolism may be associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Gunes, Mehmet; Altindag, Abdurrahman; Bulut, Mahmut; Demir, Suleyman; Ibiloglu, Aslihan Okan; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Atli, AbdullahObjective: In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between the oxidative metabolism with disease severity, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics in the patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Seventy-one patients with schizophrenia and 76 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Plasma total antioxidant level (TAL) and total oxidant level (TOL) were analyzed, and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in TOL and OSI and decrease in TAL in the patients with schizophrenia compared to the controls (p <.05). There were positive, mild, statistically significant correlations between TOL, OSI, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Total scores (p =.01, p =.01, respectively), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Negative scores (p =.002, p =.001, respectively), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Global Psychopathology scores (p =.03, p =.03, respectively), and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale scores (p =.008, p =.009 respectively). OSI levels were significantly lower in the patients who were on treatment with atypical antipsychotics (AAP) compared to the patients who were on typical antipsychotics (TAP) and combined antipsychotic (CAP) agents (p =.032). Conclusions: Oxidative stress was higher in schizophrenia patients. The increased severity of negative symptoms was in line with the disruption in oxidative balance. Oxidative stress is quite lower in AAP users compared to the TAP and CAP users. One of the mechanisms underlying the fact that AAPs are more effective on negative symptoms than typical agents may be the positive effect on the oxidative stress.Öğe Probable preventive effects of placenta from oxidative stress; Evaluation of total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index in fetal cord blood during the delivery(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2016) Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Findikh, Ebru; Tolun, Fatma Inanc; Bakacak, Murat; Bal, Nilay Gul; Sakalh, Hilal; Gunes, MehmetDepression in pregnancy may have negative effects on birth outcomes. It may also effect the intrauterine environment of the fetus. The umbilical cord is the conduit between the fetus and placenta, and functions in the transport between fetus and mother. Investigating biochemical parameters in fetal cord blood (FCB) during delivery may be helpful to understanding to what the fetus is exposed to, at least in the last trimester. In this study, we aimed to investigate total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in the FCB of depressed mothers and healthy controls during delivery. Our study included 33 depressed mothers and 37 healthy controls. TAS, TOS, and OSI were measured according to Erel's method. We found that TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were similar in patients and healthy controls; however, the birth weights of depressed patients were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. Our results suggest that the placental barrier may prevent from oxidative stress. Future studies should include blood samples collected simultaneously from mothers during delivery. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Reduced PON1 enzymatic activity and increased lipid hydroperoxide levels that point out oxidative stress in generalized anxiety disorder(Elsevier, 2013) Bulut, Mahmut; Selek, Salih; Bez, Yasin; Karababa, Ibrahim Fatih; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Gunes, Mehmet; Emhan, AliIn recent years, there has been an increasing focus on generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) which is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in general population. Psychological, genetic, neurobiological, and neurochemical factors are believed to play role in the etiopathogenesis of GAD. The role of oxidative stress, as a neurochemical cause, in various anxiety disorders has been studied in recent years; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in GAD, yet. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the serum levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), paraoxonase, and arylesterase in GAD patients without any co-morbid psychiatric disorders and investigate their diagnostic performance. Blood samples were collected from 40 GAD patients and 40 healthy control subjects to measure their serum LOON levels, arylesterase and paraoxonase activities. Obtained results have been compared between groups and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been drawn for diagnostic performance of measured biochemical markers. Positive and negative predictive values have been estimated where appropriate. Mean LOOH level of the GAD patients was significantly higher than that of control subjects (t=-549, p<0.001), whereas, mean paraoxonase activity was lower in these patients (t=3.056, p=003), GAD could be predicted for LOON level over 7.740 mu mol/l with 92.5% positive predictive value and 92% negative predictive value. Increased LOON level and decreased paraoxonase activity of GAD patients may suggest increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in these patients. LOON levels may be a state marker for diagnosing GAD. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with bipolar disorder(Cambridge Univ Press, 2015) Kaplan, Ibrahim; Bulut, Mahmut; Atli, Abdullah; Gunes, Mehmet; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Colpan, LeylaObjective Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an oncofetal glycoprotein that is widely used as a tumour marker in adenocarcinomas. However, several non-neoplastic conditions, including acute and chronic inflammation and other inflammation-related conditions, are characterised by increased CEA concentrations. Bipolar disorder (BD) ranks seventh among the worldwide burden of non-fatal diseases. Inflammatory biomarkers have been considered as one of the main key pillars of a multifactorial approach for prediction of BD in an at-risk population. BP is accompanied by activation of inflammatory, cell-mediated and negative immunoregulatory cytokines. Methods We measured the levels of CEA in serum samples from 44 individuals with euthymic BP out-patients and 45 healthy controls. Patients were diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. CEA was measured by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The mean serum CEA concentration was 2.361.52 and 1.77 +/- 0.98 mu g/l in patients and controls, respectively. CEA levels were significantly increased in euthymic BP patients when compared with controls (p=0.031). Conclusions This study suggests that CEA is increased in BD and supports a role for immune activation in the core pathological mechanisms of BP. CEA levels may be a secondary marker for diagnosing BP.Öğe Somatosensory Amplification, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients With Hepatitis B: Impact on Functionality(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Yilmaz, Ahmet; Ucmak, Feyzullah; Donmezdil, Suleyman; Kaya, Mehmet Cemal; Tekin, Recep; Gunes, Mehmet; Arslan, NecmiIn the present study, we aimed to determine the differences in body image along with anxiety and depression levels, and also to evaluate their impact on disability parameters in patients with hepatitis B.Our study comprised 77 patients with hepatitis B (n=41, chronic active patients; n=36, patients with inactive hepatitis B) and 53 healthy individuals (control group). Enrolled patients responded to several questionnaires, including a sociodemographic form, Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Somatosensory Amplification Scale.Patients with chronic active hepatitis B (CAHB) had higher levels of somatosensory perception than patients with inactive hepatitis B (IHB) and control group (P<0.001, P=0.001, respectively). Patients with CAHB had high scores on all the 3 domains of SDS (work/school, P<0.001; social life, P<0.001; and family life, P<0.001). Also, patients with CAHB had a significantly higher HADS total score, HADS anxiety score, and HADS depression score than control group (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). No significant difference was noted between patients with CAHB and patients with IHB with regard to HADS depression score; however, HADS anxiety and HADS total scores were significantly higher in the CAHB group (NS, P=0.027, P=0.035, respectively). Moreover, the IHB group exhibited higher scores for the work/school and social life domains of SDS than those of the control group (P=0.008, P=0.047).Although patients with CAHB may present with somatosensory amplification, anxiety, and depression, patients with IHB do not exhibit such symptoms. However, functionality is affected in both carrier and active patient groups. We believe that routine health checks of patients with hepatitis B should include psychiatric evaluation, psychiatric examination, and follow-up.
