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    Effects of methoctramine on bladder overactivity in a rat model
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2003) Öztürk, H; Onen, A; Guneli, E; Cicek, R; Hekimoglu, AT
    Objectives. To determine the functional effects of methoctramine as an M-2 muscarinic receptor antagonist on isolated detrusor strips in vitro and bladder overactivity in vivo in rats. Methods. A total of 114 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. Isolated rat detrusor strips were contracted by depolarizing the preparations with carbachol. Methoctramine was added to the tissue bath in increasing concentrations, and contraction inhibition was assessed. Isovolumetric contractions were evoked by electrical stimulation using a bipolar electrode. Efficacy against bladder instability was evaluated using the obstructed hypertrophied bladder model in the rat. The acetic acid bladder cystometry model was used to assess the efficacy of methoctramine in neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Results. Methoctramine inhibited carbachol-induced bladder contractions significantly in isolated rat detrusor strips in a concentration-dependent manner. The amplitude of electrically evoked isovolumetric contractions was decreased significantly after methoctramine exposure. In vivo methoctramine administered intravenously significantly increased the voiding interval and bladder compliance. In addition, a decrease occurred in the number of spontaneous contractions during the filling phase in a model of neurogenic and obstruction-induced detrusor overactivity. Conclusions. M-2 antagonists in general may represent a new useful class of drug worth considering in the treatment of bladder overactivity. (C) 2003, Elsevier Science Inc.
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    Öğe
    Expression of CD44 and E-cadherin cell adhesion molecules in hypertrophied bladders during chronic partial urethral obstruction and after release of partial obstruction in rats
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2005) Ozturk, H; Ozturk, H; Guneli, E; Yagmur, Y; Buyukbayram, H
    Objectives. To determine the functional changes in the bladder and the expression of adhesion molecules in bladder tissue during chronic partial urethral obstruction and after release of partial obstruction in rats. Methods. Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into three groups, each containing 7 rats. A sham operation was performed in group 1 and cystometry was done 6 weeks later. In groups 2 and 3, hypertrophied unstable bladders were developed by partial infravesical outflow obstruction during a 6-week period. After this period, cystometry was performed in all group 2 rats. In group 3, the ligature was removed, the rats were followed up for 6 weeks, and then cystometry was performed. After cystometric evaluation, the bladders in all the rats were removed, weighed, and studied immunohistopathologically. Results. After release of infravesical outflow obstruction, the bladder weight, residual volume, bladder capacity, maximal voiding pressure, voiding amplitude, and bladder contraction time decreased and bladder compliance increased in group 3 compared with group 2. CD44 and E-cadherin expression in the interstitial space and uroepithelial bladder tissue in group 2 rats stained intensely compared with those of groups 1 and 3. Conclusions. After release of 6 weeks of infravesical outflow obstruction, the cystometric parameters were significantly improved. Expression of CD44 and E-cadherin in the obstructed bladder tissue may be a pathologic sign of inflammation.(c) 2005 Elsevier Inc.