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    The comparative investigation of morphology of papillary muscles of left ventricle in different species
    (Wiley, 2005) Ozbag, D; Gumusalan, Y; Demirant, A
    The papillary muscles of the heart are conical projections into the respective chamber of myocardium covered by endocardium. Functionally, the papillary muscles are important part of the respective valve complex. They prevent the cusps of a valve from being everted when the ventricle contracts. Our study was conducted on papillary muscles in left ventricle of 135 normal adult hearts (20 humans, 25 dogs, 60 sheep and 30 goats). The length (L), width (W), head number (HN), angle with ventricular wall (A degrees), distance with annulus (AnD) and apex (ApD), and the shapes of the anterior and posterior papillary muscles were observed. The tendinous chords (CTN) attached to each papillary muscle were counted at their origin. The values of both anterior and posterior papillary muscles were not statistically significant (p > 0.05) in measurements of L, W, HN, A degrees and AnD of all species, but those of CTN and ApD were significant (p < 0.05) between human and animal hearts, while the difference was not significant (p > 0.05) between sheep and goat hearts. Knowledge of morphology of papillary muscles in different species will be of much use to clinical investigators in their studies.
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    Öğe
    Influence of ovariectomy and flutamide treatment on vaginal tissue and body weight
    (Saudi Med J, 2005) Saruhan, BG; Ozbag, D; Gumusalan, Y; Ozdemir, N
    Objective: To determine the effect of flutamide on vaginal histology, and to ascertain whether flutamide regulates body weight gain in the ovariectomized rat model. Methods: We chose 36 sexually mature female Wistar-Albino rats in this study. The study took placed in the Department of Medical Science Application and Research Center of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey, in 2002. We divided the model rats into 3 groups: group 1 - control group, group 2 - sham-operated group and group 3 - bilaterally ovariectomized group. In addition, we gave flutamide to group 3. Results: We found that the body weight was higher in the ovariectomized rats than the control rats. Furthermore, the body weight decreased a little after flutamide therapy. The thickness in the vaginal epithelium of the control group decreased, moreover, the appearance of stromal tissue was rather loose. After flutamide applications, infiltration of the stromal cells increased, the vaginal epithelial layer thickened and became keratinized. Microscopic papillae and anatomical processes appeared in the flutamide treated group. Conclusion: We observed that the antiandrogen drug flutamide is hormonally active and may exhibit estrogenic-antiestrogenic activity in rats. Our study may be a source for further research examining the relationship between. the androgen receptor antagonist flutamide and reproductive function in female rats.