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Öğe 3-T MRI of the biliary tract variations(Springer France, 2013) Onder, Hakan; Ozdemir, Muhammed Siddik; Tekbas, Guven; Ekici, Faysal; Gumus, Hatice; Bilici, AslanThe gallbladder and the biliary tract are structures in close connection with the adjacent organs and may show a number of variations and anomalies. It is therefore important for surgical purposes to know their anatomy and variations in detail. Various methods are used in the imaging of the variations of the biliary tract and its pathologies, including ultrasonography, computed tomography; direct cholangiographic methods like endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, intravenous cholangiography and T-tube cholangiography, as well as indirect methods like magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) or cholescintigraphy. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of the anatomic variations of the biliary tract using 3-T MRCP and to compare the findings with the data in the literature. For the purposes of this study, patients who underwent MRCP at our hospital (Dicle University Hospital) between November 2009 and February 2012 were investigated retrospectively. A total of 590 patients (between 6 and 88 years of age; mean age: 51 +/- A 9 years) were included in the study. The MRCP imaging was carried out with an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device supplied with 3-T magnetic power and by obtaining T2-weighted images through the single-shot fast spin echo technique using the standard body coil. The axial and coronal source images and the reformatted images were evaluated together in terms of the possible anatomic variations. Among the 590 patients included in the study, of 233 (39.5 %) showed anatomic variations at different levels in the intra- and extrahepatic biliary tracts. Among these variations, a right posterior hepatic duct insertion to the left hepatic duct at the level of the bifurcation has been observed in 71 patients (12.1 %), trifurcation was observed in 30 patients (5.1 %) and insertion into the main hepatic duct at the proximal aspect of the cystic duct was observed in 18 patients (3.1 %). At the level of the cystic duct, medial insertion of the cystic duct was viewed in 58 patients (9.8 %), distal medial insertion was seen in 40 patients (6.8 %), a short cystic duct was detected in 10 patients (1.7 %), pancreatobiliary junction anomaly was viewed in two patients (0.4 %) and duplicate anatomic variations have been observed in 42 patients (7.2 %). MRCP studies conducted using 3-T MRI devices may reveal similar or greater numbers of variations when compared to the existing MRCP studies in the literature. 3-T MRI shows a couple of variations. Pointing out these anatomical variations before the surgical intervention may prevent possible iatrogenic traumas. Donors with unsuitable variations for liver transplant may be spotted out at an early phase through the MRCP and certain operations with a high morbidity rate may thus be avoided.Öğe The association between varicocele and ankylosing spondylitis via color duplex sonography(Springer, 2014) Hamidi, Cihad; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Gumus, Hatice; Penbegül, Necmettin; Cetincakmak, Mehmet Guli; Tahtasiz, Mehmet; Bilici, AslanObjective To evaluate the relationship between varicocele and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) via color duplex sonography (CDS). Methods Thirty male patients (age range 18-40 years, mean age 30.27 years) with AS and 30 male healthy controls (age range 20-36 years, mean age 27.23 years) were evaluated for varicocele using CDS. Results Vein diameter in right and left pampiniform plexus (PP) in the AS group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). The incidence of varicocele was observed as 33.3 % in the AS group and 10 % in the control group. However, the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.028). The rate of right, left, and bilateral varicocele was 3.3 % (1 patient), 23.3 % (7 patients), and 6.6 % (2 patients), respectively, in the AS group, versus 0, 10, and 0 % in the control group (p = 1.000, p = 0.166, and p = 0.492, respectively). Conclusions The incidence of varicocele in AS patients is higher than in control subjects, and the difference is statistically significant. Therefore, varicocele must be taken into consideration and investigated in patients with AS.Öğe Atypical Trajectory of a Thoracoabdominal Gunshot Injury without Penetration(Romanian Legal Med Soc, 2010) Gumus, Metehan; BoyuK, Abdullah; Gumus, Hatice; Kapan, Murat; Onder, AkinAtypical trajectories of gunshot injuries are a major problem in forensic pathology. Thoracoabdominal gunshot injuries represent some of the most challenging injuries. A 25 years-old man applied to emergency department in consequence of multiple gunshot wounds. Thoracoabdominal helical computed tomography (CT) no injury at the intrabdominal and intrathoracic tissues. There was only a subcutenous tissue laceration of 50 cm in length, through from thoracic to abdominal walls. The patient medically managed and no surgical intervention was performed due to thoracoabdominal injury. In conclusion a trajectory of gunshot may not always be straight as is in our case. Helical CT is a useful tool in determining the real trajectory and therefore reduces the ratio of unnecessary surgical interventions.Öğe Breast Microcalcification: Diagnostic Value of Calcified and Non-calcified Cores on Specimen Radiographs(Wiley, 2013) Gumus, Hatice; Mills, Pippa; Fish, David; Gumus, Metehan; Devalia, Haresh; Jones, Sue E.; Sever, Ali R.To determine if the specimen without calcification, as depicted on specimen radiography, made any contribution to the final histopathological diagnosis in comparison to the specimen with calcification. The records of 1312 stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsies for breast microcalcifications between February 2000 and December 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. Following specimen x-ray the biopsy tissues with and without microcalcifications were sent in two separate pots (pot 1 and pot 2 respectively). The number of cores in each pot and the number of calcium specks within the cores were recorded. In 1135 of the 1312 (86%) cases the histopathological findings were similar for pot 1 and pot 2. In 165 cases (13%) the diagnosis was made solely on pot 1 while cores in pot 2 did not reveal any additional pathology. In 12 biopsies (1%) the significant pathology was only present in the specimen without any calcification. For microcalcification only breast lesions the specimen containing calcium will yield a correct diagnosis in 99% of cases. Cores containing no calcification rarely contribute to the diagnosis on their own, but in 87% of cases an accurate diagnosis would still have been made even if the targeted calcification had been missed.Öğe Case report of a patient with osteopoikilosis(Springer Heidelberg, 2012) Inci, Mehmet Fatih; Vurdem, Umit Erkan; Gumus, Hatice; Inci, RahimeOsteopoikilosis (OPK) is an uncommon osteosclerotic dysplasia. There is no exact evidence of its etiology and pathogenesis. Usually, it is an asymptomatic disease, and the diagnosis is made incidentally from radiographs, which show multiple, small, well-defined, variably shaped and widely distributed sclerotic areas over the skeleton. In this study, we report a 54-year-old man who suffers from back and leg pain and was diagnosed OPK by radiologically and review literature.Öğe Causes of failure in removing calcium in microcalcification-only lesions using 11-gauge stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy(Turkish Soc Radiology, 2012) Gumus, Hatice; Gumus, Metehan; Devalia, Haresh; Mills, Philippa; Fish, David; Jones, Peter; Uyar, AsurPURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the causes and rate of failure in removing calcification in microcalcification-only lesions using 11-gauge stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 1365 microcalcification-only lesions were included in this study. The breast biopsy database was reviewed retrospectively. The biopsies were divided into two groups based on whether the specimen X-ray showed calcium within the cores. Breast composition, lesion size, calcification distribution, density on mammography, and the number of specimens were compared between the two groups. RESULTS In 11 (0.8%) biopsies, no calcium in the specimen radiography could be identified. Re-biopsy was performed in five cases. The initial biopsy result was unchanged at the second biopsy in three cases containing calcium, while in the other two cases, a benign biopsy result was upgraded to atypical ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ, respectively. In six cases, the biopsy was not repeated despite the absence of calcium in the specimen X-ray. In three of these cases, calcifications were reported histopathologically and deemed to be too small to be identified on specimen X-ray. In two of six patients, sufficient information was found in the cores without microcalcification to indicate the need for surgery. One patient refused re-biopsy. A statistically significant higher failure rate was observed in low-density calcification compared with intermediate or high-density calcification on mammography. CONCLUSION The failure to retrieve microcalcification is uncommon when an 11-gauge vacuum-assisted breast biopsy is used. Low-density calcifications have a higher rate of failure. In cases in which no calcium is observed in specimen radiography, repeated biopsy is recommended.Öğe Clinical and multidetector computed tomography findings of patients with median arcuate ligament syndrome(Elsevier Science Inc, 2012) Gumus, Hatice; Gumus, Metehan; Tekbas, Guven; Onder, Hakan; Ekici, Faysal; Cetincakmak, Mehmet Guli; Bilici, AslanObjectives: The present study aimed to present the clinical and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of patients who were diagnosed with the median arcuate ligament (MAL) syndrome on MDCT retrospectively. Methods: Seven hundred forty-four patients in whom MDCT angiography was performed were retrospectively analyzed for investigating incidental MAL syndrome. Results: Twenty-one patients were shown to have MAL syndrome. Of 21 patients, 18 with MAL syndrome were asymptomatic. Three patients had some symptoms. On MDCT angiography, proximal narrowing of the arteries was observed in 21 patients. Conclusions: MDCT is a minimally invasive and useful tool for the diagnosis of MAL syndrome. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Continuing Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Gallbladder Polyps(Southeastern Surgical Congress, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Gumus, Hatice; Celik, Yusuf; Tas, Ilhan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Course anomalies of extracranial internal carotid artery and their relationship with pharyngeal wall: an evaluation with multislice CT(Springer France, 2012) Ekici, Faysal; Tekbas, Guven; Onder, Hakan; Gumus, Hatice; Cetincakmak, Mehmet Guli; Palanci, Yilmaz; Bakir, SalihThe goal of our study was to measure the prevalence of anomalies in the extracranial segment of internal carotid artery (ICA), to measure the carotid-pharyngeal distance (CPD). Computed tomography (CT) angiography images of 607 patients were retrospectively examined. The course anomaly and CPD were obtained at different image plane. The patients were divided into four groups according to their age. The incidence of course anomaly in ICA was shown to be 60.3 %. Prevalence of course anomaly showed an increase with age (p < 0.001). Women had more ICAs with a course anomaly than men (p < 0.001). Mean CPD among all ICAs was found to be 11.13 mm. When CPD values were compared between the groups, group 1 and group 2 did not have a significant difference, however, there was a significant difference between other groups (p < 0.05). The CPD significantly decreased with age (p < 0.001). In ICAs that showed a straight course, the mean CPD was 13.0 mm, while in ICAs that showed course anomaly, the mean CPD was determined to be 9.49, showing a significant difference (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the number of ICAs that show a course anomaly increases with age, while the CPD decreases. The CPD is decreased in groups that show anomalies. The detection of a decreased CPD before surgery may lower the chance of a perioperative hemorrhage due to artery damage during pharyngeal procedures. Hence, while reporting neck CT angiographies, it may be valuable to also report the presence of ICA anomalies and CPD.Öğe Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast(Aves, 2012) Kilic, Fahrettin; Ogul, Hayri; Bayraktutan, Ummugulsum; Gumus, Hatice; Unal, Ozlem; Kantarci, Mecit; Yilmaz, M. HalitContrast enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging is a modality that is frequently used into the breast radiologist's daily clinical practice. MRI examination should have optimal technical proficiency in order to attain diagnostic quality avoiding false positive and negative diagnoses. Furthermore, due to increasing usage fields of the examinations uniting with high sensitivity phenomenon, excessive usage and excision/interventional procedures are inevitable. Therefore, we hope to highlight the appropriate usage of the MRI technique and it's clinical applications.Öğe Diameters of the common bile duct in adults and postcholecystectomy patients: A study with 64-slice CT(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2012) Senturk, Senem; Miroglu, Tugba Cezlan; Bilici, Aslan; Gumus, Hatice; Tekin, Rojbin Ceylan; Ekici, Faysal; Tekbas, GuvenThis study aims to collect data by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) on the diameter of the normal common bile duct (CBD) and the diameter of CBD after cholecystectomy. In this retrospective study, CBD measurements were performed on axial oblique images, perpendicular to the long axis of the distal CBD. The mean diameter of the normal CBD was measured in 604 patients without cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into 6 groups according to their age. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare data obtained from the six age groups. The mean diameter of the CBD of 46 patients who had cholecystectomy was calculated. The results were compared with age matched control group by Student's t test. The largest diameter of CBD ranged from 1.8 to 11.8 mm. The mean of the largest diameter of 604 subjects was 4.77 +/- 1.81. The diameter of the CBD significantly increased with age. Mean largest CBD diameters of postcholecystectomy subjects (7.28 +/- 2.37) were significantly greater than age matched control group. In conclusion the diameter of CBD shows a considerable increase with age. The largest diameter of the CBD is up to 6 mm in most of the subjects. An upper limit of 8 mm appears reasonable after the age of 50; and an upper limit of 10 mm seems appropriate for cholescystectomized subjects. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Display with 64-detector MDCT angiography of cerebral vascular variations(Springer France, 2013) Hamidi, Cihad; Bukte, Yasar; Hattapoglu, Salih; Ekici, Faysal; Tekbas, Guven; Onder, Hakan; Gumus, HaticeThe aim of this study was to assess the cerebral variations and observe their frequency in the patients who have undergone angiographies with the state of the art 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography technique due to various reasons. 500 patients (253 women, 247 men) who had CT scan in the period of April 2008 to March 2010 at Dicle University Medicine Faculty Hospital Radiology Unit were surveyed in this study. Patients who had CT scan with brain CT angio protocol were evaluated using multiplanar, maximum intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR) images in work station. 773 variations were totally detected among 500 patients. Variations were categorized as Willis polygon, fenestration and other variations. Frequent variations were detected at Willis polygon and posterior communicating artery (PCOA) hypoplasia was detected as the prevalent variation. In the present study, we have demonstrated that cerebral vascular variations are frequent and that these variations can be detected in a non-invasive manner using the MDCT angiography. The results obtained from our study may serve as preoperative guidelines for the units performing surgical procedures.Öğe The distribution of stylohyoid chain anatomic variations by age groups and gender: an analysis using MDCT(Springer, 2013) Ekici, Faysal; Tekbas, Guven; Hamidi, Cihad; Onder, Hakan; Goya, Cemil; Cetincakmak, Mehmet Guli; Gumus, HaticeThe aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of the SHC variations, and the distribution of the SP lengths in different age and sex groups using MDCT. MDCT scans were performed in 805 patients (401 males, 404 females). The patients were divided into six groups according to their ages. The length of the styloid process (SP) and its angulation on the transverse (TA) and sagittal (SA) planes were measured. Structural variations of the SHC were observed by means of three-dimensional (3D) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images. Absence of the styloid process (n = 10), double proximal origin (n = 13), segmentation (n = 223), complete ossification (n = 24), and an SP with three proximal parts in one patient were among the anomalies detected. The mean length of the SP was greater in males than in females (33.2 +/- A 13.2 vs. 29.6 +/- A 10.5 mm, P < 0.001). Elongated SP (ESP) was observed in 56 % of the patients in the study group, and this ratio was the highest in Group 3 with 65.4 % (P < 0.05). TA and SA were 70.2A degrees A A +/- A 4.1A degrees, 69.9A degrees A A +/- A 4.2A degrees and 86.6A degrees A A +/- A 6.5A degrees, 88.3A degrees A A +/- A 6.6A degrees for the right and left sides, respectively. Besides, 3D and MPR images also present detailed and reliable data to radiologists and surgeons for the evaluation of the SHC. ESP has been detected in more than half of the patients, being more frequent in males and in individuals in the fifth decade of life. For an accurate diagnosis, clinicians should consider the ESP while evaluating the patients in this age group.Öğe Diverticulitis of Cecum Mimicking Plastron Appendicitis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma(Modestum Ltd, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Kapan, Murat; Gumus, Hatice; Tacyildiz, Ibrahim HalilCecal diverticulitis is an unusual condition that presents clinically similar to appendicitis. Although it is usually asymptomatic, it may cause inflammation, bleeding, or perforation. The diagnosis is not always easy and in the majority of cases, the diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy. There have been various controversies in the literature regarding the optimal management of cecal diverticulitis. The aim of this study is a detailed description of this rare cause of acute abdomen. A 40-year-old female patient presenting with acute onset pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant, nausea and fever had mild leukocytosis. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed findings suggestive of plastron appendicitis. The diagnosis of cecal diverticulitis was established during the surgery. The patient underwent diverticulectomy and appendectomy operations. Cecal diverticulitis is rare clinical entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of emergency patients admitted with the complaint of pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant.Öğe Effectiveness of 4.5 F semirigid ureteroscope (Mini-URS) in the management of ureteral stones in children younger than 3 years of age(Aves, 2011) Sancaktutar, Ahmet Ali; Atar, Murat; Soylemez, Haluk; Bozkurt, Yasar; Penbegül, Necmettin; Bodakci, Mehmet Nuri; Gumus, HaticeObjective: We investigated the effectiveness of ureteroscopy (URS) performed with the smallest caliber (4.5 F) semirigid ureteroscope in children younger than 3 years. Materials and methods: URS was performed with a 4.5 F semirigid ureteroscope (Mini-URS). The operative outcomes of 16 children [7 females, 9 males; mean age 30.5 months (range 10-36 months)] who underwent URS in our clinics were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean stone diameter was 5.1 mm (range 3-15 mm). A Holmium: YAG laser lithotripter was used. Double J stents were inserted in 3 patients, while ureteral catheterization was performed in 6. In 7 patients, we were unable to insert a double J stent. At the end of the first postoperative week, 13 (84%) patients were completely stone-free. Double J stents were inserted in two patients because of poor endoscopic visualization and inadequate stone fragmentation. In these patients repeat URS was performed to retrieve residual stones during removal of the double J stents. After 1 month, 15 (93.75%) patients were stone-free. No perioperative or early postoperative complication was observed in any patient. Conclusion: URS performed with a 4.5 F semirigid ureteroscope is an ideal alternative for retrieving ureteral stones, with lower complication rates, faster ureteral engagement, and shorter operating times, even in very young patients.Öğe Evaluation of pulmonary vein variations and anomalies with 64 slice multi detector computed tomography(Springer Wien, 2012) Tekbas, Guven; Gumus, Hatice; Onder, Hakan; Ekici, Faysal; Hamidi, Cihad; Tekbas, Ebru; Gulicetincakmak, MehmetPulmonary Veins are one of the major structures of circulation. In the last decade, pulmonary veins have been known to play an important role as the triggering focus of the electrical activity in atrial fibrillation. Primary treatment method of AF is RF ablation of the focus. For the best ablation, the anatomy of PVs should be well established before the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our radiology department, 783 patients underwent computed tomography angiography between January 2008 and May 2010. Patients were referred for coronary CTA because of known or suspected coronary artery disease or computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) because of known or suspect pulmonary embolism. All scanning was performed on Philips Brilliance 64 slice Multidetector CT. The group consisted of 402 male and 381 female patients with the average age of 48 (range 14-89). CT data of patients were retrospectively reviewed to identify the PV anatomy and to determine anatomic variants and anomalies. RESULTS: In the majority of cases, two pulmonary veins drain into the left atrium on each side. Eighteen and eight variations were found in the right and left sides, respectively. Most frequent combined variations were 2R-4L (32.3%) and 4L was the more frequent single variation type (76%). In addition to that one Situs inversus totalis (0.12%), two partial anomalous pulmonary venous returns (0.25%) and one scimitar syndrome (0.12%) were found. CONCLUSION: This study showed that multiple types of variations of PVs can be found with increasing patient number. Therefore, for the successful ablation and surgery without any complications, the anatomy of PVs should be known before the procedure. MDCT is a reliable imaging method for the detailed cross-sectional and 3D anatomy.Öğe Factors that Affect Drain Indwelling Time after Breast Cancer Surgery(Aves, 2016) Uslukaya, Omer; Turkoglu, Ahmet; Gumus, Metehan; Bozdag, Zubeyir; Yilmaz, Ahmet; Gumus, Hatice; Kaya, SeyhmusObjective: The most common procedure to prevent seroma formation, a common complication after breast and axillary surgery, is to use prophylactic surgical drains. Ongoing discussions continue regarding the ideal time for removing drains after surgical procedures. In this study, we aimed to investigate factors that affect drain indwelling time (DIT). Materials and Methods: From 2014 to 2015, a total of 91 consecutive patients with breast cancer were included in the study. The demographic characteristics of the patients, treatment methods, histopathologic features of the tumor, size of removed breast tissue (BS), tumor size (TS), number of totally removed lymph nodes (TLN), and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN), whether they had neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the DIT were retrospectively recorded from the hospital database. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.9 years, and the mean DIT was 4.8 days. The mean size of breast removed was 17.3 cm and tumor size was 4.7 cm, and the mean number of metastatic lymph nodes was 3.3, and mean total number of lymph nodes was 14.1. Patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherahpy had longer DIT. There was a positive correlation between the BS, TS, TLN, MLN, length of hospital stay, and DIT. Linear regresion analysis revealed that the BS, TLN, and history of neoadjuvant chemotherahpy were independent risk factors for DIT. Conclusion: DIT primarily depends on BS, TLN, and history of neoadjuvant chemotherahpy. A policy for the management of removing drains to prevent seroma formation should thus be individualized.Öğe Factors that impact the upgrading of atypical ductal hyperplasia(Aves, 2013) Gumus, Hatice; Mills, Philippa; Gumus, Metehan; Fish, David; Jones, Sue; Jones, Peter; Devalia, HareshPURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that may have an impact on upgrading atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) lesions to malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between February 1999 and December 2010, the records of 150 ADH lesions that had been biopsied were retrospectively reviewed. The biopsy types included 11-gauge stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy (SVAB) (n=102) and ultrasonography (US)-guided 14-gauge automated biopsy (n=48). The patients were divided into two groups: those who had cancer in the final pathology and those who did not. Variables associated with underestimation of ADH lesions were compared between the groups. RESULTS The underestimation rates according to the biopsy types were 41.7% (20/48) for the US-guided 14-gauge automated biopsy and 20.6% (21/102) for the 11-gauge SVAB (P = 0.007). The rate of underestimation was significantly higher in lesions greater than 7 mm than it was in smaller lesions, with both US-guided 14-gauge automated biopsy and 11-gauge SVAB (P = 0.024 and P = 0.042, respectively). The rate of underestimation was significantly higher with the 11-gauge SVAB (P = 0.025) in lesions that were suspicious (R4) and highly suggestive of malignancy (R5) than in those that were probably benign (R3). CONCLUSION The underestimation rate in ADH lesions was significantly higher with US-guided 14-gauge automated biopsy compared to the 11-gauge SVAB. The underestimation rate was also significantly higher in lesions greater than 7 mm regardless of the biopsy type, and in lesions biopsied using SVAB that were regarded as suspicious (R4) or highly suggestive of malignancy (R5) on imaging.Öğe How Long Will I Be Blue? Prolonged Skin Staining Following Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Using Intradermal Patent Blue Dye(Karger, 2013) Gumus, Metehan; Gumus, Hatice; Jones, Sue E.; Jones, Peter A.; Sever, Ali R.; Weeks, JenniferBackground: Blue dye used for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer patients may cause prolonged skin discoloration at the site of injection. The aim of this study was to assess the duration of such skin discoloration. Patients and Methods: 236 consecutive patients who had undergone breast conserving surgery and SLNB for breast cancer were reviewed prospectively from January 2007 to December 2009. Results: Of the 236 patients, 2 had undergone bilateral surgery, and 41 had been examined in consecutive yearly reviews. Blue discoloration remained visible at the injection site after 12, 24, and > 36 months in 36.5, 23.6, and 8.6% of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: The use of patent blue for identification of the sentinel lymph node in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery may result in prolonged discoloration of the skin at the injection site.Öğe Image-Guided Subcutaneous Port Implantation in Patients with Malignant Diseases(Modestum Ltd, 2014) Onder, Hakan; Tekbas, Guven; Turmak, Mehmet; Inal, Ali; Ekici, Faysal; Gumus, Hatice; Onder, AkinTo present the results of our retrospective study on 49 totally implantable subcutaneous venous ports inserted in angiography unit under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance. 49 subcutaneous venous chest ports were placed in 48 patients (mean age, 49.3 +/- 16.7 years). One patient underwent port implantation twice. All the ports had single lumen catheters. The procedures were performed under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance in angiography unit. All ports were placed on the anterior chest wall. The technical success rate was 100%. There was no procedure-related minor or major complication. There was no early complication (in the first month). Late complications occurred at a rate of 8.3% (n:4). In patients with malignant diseases, radiological implantation of subcutaneous venous ports can be performed with similar or lower complication rates, as compared to the surgical literature, due to the obvious advantage of imaging guidance. Hence, port implantation with imaging guidance may become a more preferred implantation method in the future.
