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Öğe Cutting parameters of some grape varieties subject to the diameter and age of canes(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Esgici R.; Goksd Pekitkan F.; Ozdemir G.; Guzel E.; Sessiz A.Grape is an important product for the economy of Turkey and it will continue to play an important role in worldwide grape production due to its large number of varieties, favorable ecological conditions and large production areas. However, pruning and harvesting of grape berries are performed manually with a labor intensive procedure. Therefore, production cost is very high and labor efficiency is low in vineyards. However, pruning and harvesting are the most critical operations in vineyard management. Information regarding the cutting of canes of different grape varieties is very important for a proper harvest machine design as well as the efficient use of energy. In this study, cutting force and cutting energy were measured by considering the factors of grape canes diameter and age of canes. One and two year old grape canes from the Genc Mehmet, Bogazkere and Okuzgozu local varieties were used as experimental material. The canes were obtained from a commercial vineyard in the Diyarbakır province located in southeastern Turkey. Lloyd, LRX plus series, materials testing machine was used for cutting tests. Statistically significant differences were determined between the cutting properties of grape varieties. The cutting force and cutting energy increased with increasing diameter and age of canes. © 2019 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.Öğe The effect of knife type on cutting characteristics of cotton stalk(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Esgici R.The cutting characteristics values of plants are very important data for suitable design of a cutting and pruning machines and related equipment. The objective of this study was to determine of the cutting properties of cotton stalk with use of the multiple regression model for serrated (knife-edge thick and knife-edge thin) and flat-edge knives type. In accordance of this purpose, cutting tests were made with three different type knives. In this study, the knife edge angle, knife type and stalk diameter were selected independent variables. Dependent of these parameters, the cutting force, cutting strength and cutting energy were measured for each type of knife. This study clearly that predict cutting force, cutting strength and cutting energy are influenced by knife type, knife angle and cotton stalk diameter (P<0.01). According to regression equations, the cutting force and cutting energy increased with increase stalk diameter for all type of knife because the partial regression coefficient of cotton stalk diameter is positive. However, the cutting force and cutting energy decreased with increase knife edge angles because the partial regression coefficient of cutting angle is negative. The best results were obtained serrated types knives. The highest values were obtained at flat-edge knives. With using of proper knife type and angle, cutting force and cutting strength and cutting energy values can be reduced. As a result, we can say that the flat-edge knife type is not suitable, when compared to serrated knife types. As a result we can recommend that the serrated type knife for a new design of cutting machine and pruning for cotton shoots topping. According these results, if one is interested to study the joint affect of all these variables on cutting properties, one can use this technique. © 2020 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.Öğe The FSE of rapeseed oil methyl and ethyl esters and of rapeseed oil-diesel Mixtfres as FFELs for diesel engine(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Konuralp Elicin A.; Ozturk F.; Baran M.F.; Esgici R.This study was conducted over a year period incorporating one growing seasons of 2013–2014 with the aim being to investigate the effects of the free fatty acid and yield characteristics of different rapeseed genotypes planted at different sowing times in the climate of Diyarbakır, Turkey on biodiesel production, on engine performance and on emission values. The study was conducted in the trial areas of the Department of Field Crops of the Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture, in which the quality traits of the rapeseed (oil ratio and fatty acid content) were analyzed. The genotypes, ‘Licord’ was achieved the highest oil content (38.13%). The highest alpha-linolenic acid (1.25%), and oleic acid (65.1%) were recorded from the genotype ‘Express’. The highest linoleic acid (18.16%) was achieved from Lirown genotype. Among the different varieties of rapeseed, those with the highest oil ratio and fatty acid content were selected and subjected to transesterification to obtain rapeseed oil methyl and ethyl esters. These were then tested in a small power diesel engine in accordance with the EN 14214 standard, which is considered applicable by the Energy Market Regulatory Board of Turkey for the investigation of the performance and emission characteristics of such ester fuels. The study made use of single-cylinder, direct injection, four-cycle, 5.5 kW nominal power diesel engine. The use of fatty acid esters was found to give moment and power values close to those of diesel engine fuel, although the ester fuels showed a slight increase in fuel consumption values. The transesterification of rapeseed was found to reduce viscosity and to decrease calorific value and specific weights. Emission values for CO and CO2 were found to be lower than number 2-D diesel fuel, while an increase was observed in the level of NOx. © by PSP.Öğe Tillage effects on sunflower (helianthus annuus, l.) emergence, yield, quality, and fuel consumption in double cropping system(2008) Sessiz A.; Sogut T.; Alp A.; Esgici R.The relation between crop growing and soil tillage treatment are play important role in agricultural production. Soils under conventional tillage (CT) generally have lower bulk density and associated higher total porosity within the plough layer than under no tillage (NT). No-till farming can reduce soil erosion, conserve soil moisture and minimize labor and fuel consumption. The aim of this study were to investigate the effects of conventional, reduced and notillage methods on soil physical properties, sunflower yield and yield components, protein and oil content and fuel consumption in Southeastern of Turkey. Six tillage methods for the second crop sunflower were tested and compared each other within after lentil harvesting at 2003 and 2004 years in a clay loam soil. According to results, the first year, the bulk density had decreased from 1.29 to 1.09 g cm-3, the second year the ?b had decreased from 1.41 to 1.23 g cm-3. Differences between years and tillage methods in terms of yield were found signifi cant (p<0.05). However, no differences were found between the NT and CT. There were also no signifi cance differences in content of protein, oil and ash among six tillage methods. The highest fuel consumption was measured in conventional method (CT) whereas the lowest value was found in direct seeding method as 33.48 L ha-1 and 6.6 L ha-1, respectively.
