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Öğe Atık sularda fenolik kirliliklerin giderilmesi için kitosan kaplı manyetik nano boyutlu katı ekstraktant hazırlanması ve karakterizasyonu(2016) Ertaş, Erdal; Tural, BilsenBu çalışmada, manyetik ayırma tekniği kullanılarak, canlılar için zararlı ve toksik etkisi olan fenol ve türevlerinin atık sulardan giderilmesi için manyetik kitosan nanoparçacıkları sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen manyetik kitosan nanoparçacıklar, Fourier dönüşümlü infrared spektroskopisi (FT-IR), geçirimli elektron mikroskopisi (TEM), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), dinamik ışık saçılımı (DLS), titreşimli örnek manyetometrisi (VSM) ile karekterize edilmiştir. Nanoparçacık boyutlarının 9 ile 13 nm arasında olduğu ve aglomerat boyutlarınında 500 ile 1000 nm arasında değiştiği, kütlece % 21,1 kitosan içerdikleri, doyum mıknatıslanmalarının 55.0 emu/g olduğu ve süperparamanyetik özellik gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Kitosan kaplı manyetik nanoparçacıklar sulu çözeltilerden, fenol ve fenolik bileşiklerin uzaklaştırılması için etkili bir sorbent olarak başarılı bir şekilde uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, adsorpsiyonun temas süresi, başlangıç pH'ı, adsorbent dozu ve adsorbatların başlangıç derişimleri gibi parametrelerden etkilendiğini göstermiştir. İzoterm incelemelerine göre adsorpsiyonun Freundlich ve Langmuir izoterm modellerinden daha çok Freundlich'e uyduğu, 25 °C' de maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesinin fenol, 2-klorofenol ve 4-klorofenol için sırasıyla 196,08, 243,90 ve 322,58 mg/g olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Fenol, 2-klorofenol, 4-klorofenol, Kitosan, Manyetik kitosan, Magnetik ayırma, Atık su, Fenol uzaklaştırılmasıÖğe Comparative study on silver nanoparticle synthesis using male and female pistacia khinjuk leaf extracts: Enhanced efficacy of female leaf extracts(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Tural, Bilsen; Ertaş, Erdal; Batıbay, Hayri; Tural, ServetThis study aims to uncover the potential differences in bioactive compounds present in leaf extracts obtained from female and male individuals of Pistacia khinjuk, abundantly found in the Southeast Anatolia region of Turkey, and their roles in influencing the properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Results obtained through TEM and SEM imaging techniques determined the morphology and size of AgNPs synthesized from female (FL-AgNPs) and male (ML-AgNPs) leaf extracts. Additionally, FTIR spectrum analysis demonstrated the chemical composition of the FL-AgNPs, ML-AgNPs, and the extracts. Zeta potential and zeta sizer analyses revealed differences between nanoparticles obtained from female and male plants. The total phenolic content of leaf extracts from female plants is significantly higher than that obtained from male plants (female plants: 30.68±0.26 mg GAE/g, male plants: 24.22±0.37 mg GAE/g). Furthermore, FL-AgNPs (43.2±2.64 mg GAE/g) exhibit higher antioxidant activity compared to ML-AgNPs (31.7±1.16 mg GAE/g). ICP-MS analyses indicate that FL-AgNPs are synthesized with higher efficiency compared to ML-AgNPs (FL-AgNPs: 99.90±0.106 %, ML-AgNPs: 94.99±0.079 %). Finally, the antibacterial efficacy of FL-AgNPs and ML-AgNPs nanoparticles was evaluated agar well diffusion method against the pathogen Escherichia coli (E.Coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. Aureus].Öğe Effect of structural differences of pumice on synthesis of pumice-supported nFe(0): removal of Cr (VI) from water(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Tural, Bilsen; Ertaş, Erdal; Güzel, Mehmet; Tural, ServetIn this study, pumice from diferent regions of Turkey (Diyarbakir, Southeast Turkey and Bitlis, East Turkey) has been supplied and used as supporting material for nanoscale zero-valent iron (nFe0 ). Native Bitlis pumice (NBP)-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (BP-nFe0 ) and native Diyarbakir pumice (NDP)-supported nanoscale zero-value iron (DP-nFe0 ) were synthesized under the same conditions. Native pumice (NDP, NBP) and pumice-supported nFe0 (DP-nFe0 and BP-nFe0 ) adsorbents were morphologically and structurally characterized by SEM, EDX, XRF and BET. When using NBP as support material, the iron content of the BP-nFe0 increased 1.9-fold from 1.99 to 3.83%. However, iron content of NDP (2.08%) increased approximately 29 times after it is used as a support material in synthesis of DP-nFe0 (60%). The removal potential of native pumice (NBP and NDP) and iron-modifed pumice (BP-nFe0 and DP-nFe0 ) samples was investigated to remove Cr(VI) ions. The parameters of solution pH, initial metal concentration, contact time and the amount of adsorbent in the removal of chromium (VI) ions were investigated. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Jovanovic isotherm models were used to evaluate the adsorption equilibrium data. The equilibrium adsorption was found so as to be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model for all the adsorbents studied. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) ions for NDP, NBP, DP-nFe0 and BP-nFe0 was 10.82, 14.30, 161.29 and 17.39 mg/g, respectively. The rate of Cr(VI) removal was subjected to kinetic analysis using pseudo-frst-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle difusion and Elovich models. Kinetic studies suggest that adsorption of NDP, NBP, DP-nFe0 and BP-nFe0 described more favorably by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results showed that NDP is a much better support material for nFe0 when compared to NBPÖğe The effects of different concentrations of foliar applied chitosan, iron oxide and chitosan- coated iron oxide nanoparticles on the secondary metabolites of hypericum triquetrifolium turra. during full bloom(Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, 2022) Bal, Ayşe; Özen, Hasan Çetin; Tural, Birsen; Ertaş, ErdalHypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (Hypericaceae) is one of the important medicinal plants. This herb is used in Turkish folk medicine for its antidepressant, anthelmintic and antiseptic effects. Hypericum extracts have an important commercial value in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, studies to increase the amount of secondary metabolites it contains are becoming widespread. Elicitors are biological and non-biological factors that can affect the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. In recent years, nanoelicitors have been used to increase the amount of active ingredients. In this study, to stimulate the synthesis of biologically active secondary compounds of H. triquetrifolium; chitosan, iron oxide and chitosan-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in concentrations of 0 (control), 50, 75, 100 and 150 ppm were sprayed on the leaves during full bloom. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that application of 100 and 150 ppm chitosan nanoparticles increased the amount of flavonol (hyperocyte and quercitrin) and naphthodianthrons (pseudohypericin and hypericin) in H. triquetrifolium. 50 ppm iron oxide nanoparticle hyperocyte, quercitrin and pseudohypericin; 75 and 100 ppm iron oxide nanoparticles increased the amount of hyperocyte, quercitrin and hyperforin. The 150 ppm iron oxide nanoparticle resulted in an increase in all compounds except hypericin. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles coated with chitosan were also used as elicitors to improve the chemical and biological properties of iron oxide. In this series, iron oxide nanoparticle coated with 100 ppm chitosan was effective and increased the amounts of quercitrine, kaempferol and pseudohypericin. The concentration of 75 ppm of this group was effective on quercitrin.Öğe Investigation of Cr(VI) sorption from aqueous solution on M-TACA magnetic nano-sorbent(Springer Science and Business Media, 2023) Ertaş, Erdal; Tural, Bilsen; Tural, ServetIn this study, a magnetic nano-sorbent (M-TACA) was linked with an N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG) picky functional group using click chemistry, which is rapid, multifunctional, easy to use, and produces a large amount of product that is selective to the target site. M-TACA were detected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. The efects of pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, and M-TACA dosage on the sorption process were examined. The sorption capacity of Cr(VI) ions to M-TACA nanoparticles difers depending on pH. The maximum sorption capacity of Cr(VI) ions to M-TACA nanoparticles was determined to be 117.65 mg/g at pH 3. The efects of cationic ions Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ and anionic ions Cl−, PO4 3−, and SO4 2− on the removal of Cr(VI) were also investigated. Sorption is more compatible with the Langmuir isotherm model than any other applied isotherm model. The Langmuir isotherm model for sorption was shown to be more compatible than the other models among the isotherm model research. Intra-particle difusion model was applied for the Cr(VI) ions sorption mechanism. Both surface and intra-particle sorption are clearly diferent from one another in the two sorption stages. According to the M-TACA-Cr(VI) sorption systems computed thermodynamic characteristics, the process was exothermic, spontaneous, and mixed physicochemical in nature. Moreover, in reusability studies, M-TACA nano-sorbent was found to retain 96.8% sorption capacity after fve consecutive repetitions.Öğe Investigation of the arsenic(V) retention performance of the nano-sorbent (M-TACA) synthesized by click chemistry(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Tural, Bilsen; Ertaş, Erdal; Tural, ServetIn this study N-methyl-D-glucamine selective functional group is bound to magnetic nanoparticles (M-TACA) with click chemistry, which is fast, simple to use, easy to purify, versatile, region-specific and gives high product yield. The synthesized M-TACA nano-sorbent was characterized by SEM and VSM techniques. The parameters effecting sorption of As(V) onto M-TACA such as dosage, initial concentration of As(V), contact time and pH were studied. Sorption of As(V) onto M-TACA nano-sorbent is pH dependent and the maximum sorption capacity was obtained at pH 6 as 76.54 +/- 1.21 mg/g. The effects of fluoride, sulfate and phosphate ions, which compete with As(V) to hold active groups, on the sorption of As(V) were investigated. Fluoride has minimal effect on arsenic uptake. It is sulfate that has the most negative effect on intake and phosphorus has had a less negative effect. Sorption is more compatible with the Langmuir isotherm model than any other applied isotherm model. Results obtained from intra particle diffusion model shown the two sorption stages indicating that both surface and intra-particle sorption occurs. At the same time, sorption percentages for five times reusability were determined as 99.6 +/- 2.5%, 99.0 +/- 3.0%, 98.6 +/- 3.1%, 97.0 +/- 3.5% and 96.6 +/- 3.8%, respectively. The reusability results showed that the M-TACA nano-sorbent can be reused at least 5 times in removal of As(V).Öğe Manyetik nano-siklodekstrin-lipozom anti-kanser ilaç taşıyıcı sistem hazırlanması, karakterizasyonu ve kontrollü salım davranışının incelenmesi(Dicle Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2022) Ertaş, Erdal; Tural, BilsenKanser, 21. yüzyılda kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklardan sonra ikinci sırada yer alan en ölümcül hastalıklardan biridir. Hücrelerin hasar görmesi ve mutasyona uğraması sonucunda kontrolsüz bölünmelerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Meme kanseri dünya genelinde kadınlarda hem en sık görülen hem de en öldürücü kanser tipidir. Kanserli hücrelerin tedavi edilmesinde en önemli problem, özellikle kemoterapide kullanılan ilaçların kanser hücreleri için düşük seçicilik göstermesi ve sağlıklı hücreleri de etkileyerek birçok yan etkiye neden olmasıdır. Bu durumun ortadan kaldırılması için hedefe yönelik ilaç taşıma sistemleri öncelikli olarak çalışılmaktadır. Günümüzde aktif hedeflendirme yöntemleriyle beraber biyouyumlu ve biyo-bozunur manyetik nanoparçacık ve manyetik siklodekstrin-lipozomdan oluşturulan ilaç yüklü taşıma sistemleri meme kanserinin tedavi edilmesinde ümit verici bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır. Bu bölgede sürekli ilaç salınımını sağlamasıyla, sadece ilacın tedavi edici etkisini arttırmakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda istenilmeyen yan etkilerin azaltılması da hedeflenmektedir. Topotekan başta yumurtalık kanseri ve küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri olmak üzere meme kanseri ve prostat kanseri tedavisinde en yaygın kullanılan anti-kanser ilaçlardan kamptotesin analoğu olup topoizomeraz I inhibitörü olarak görev yapmaktadır. Asidik koşullar altında aktif lakton form ve nötral veya alkali pH'da hidroliz ile inaktif karboksilat form baskındır Lakton halkasının açılması ile aktivite kaybolmakta ve yüksek toksik etki görülmektedir. Bundan dolayı çalışılması zor olan ilaçlardan biridir. Bu tez çalışmasında manyetik ?-siklodekstrin-topotekan (Fe3O4@?CD-TPT) inklüzyon kompleksleri (hidrofilik topotekan) hazırlanmış ve hem saf topotekan hem de kompleksleri ayrı ayrı lipozomlara hapsedilmiştir. Daha sonra insan meme kanseri (MCF-7) hücre dizilerinde in vitro sitotoksisite açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Manyetik olarak hazırlanan Fe3O4@?-CD-TPT kompleksleri ile Fe3O4@?-CD içinde topotekanın tutulmasının optimizasyonu sağlanmıştır. İnklüzyon kompleksleri UV-Vis spektroskopisi, geçirmeli elektron mikroskobu (TEM), dinamik ışık saçılımı spektrometresi (DLS) ve fourier dönüşümlü infrared spektrometresi (FTIR) ve yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) kullanılarak doğrulanmıştır. Fe3O4@?-CD-TPT komplekslerinin suda çözünürlüğü belirgin şekilde iyileşmiş ve komplekslerin sonikasyon yaklaşımı kullanılarak hazırlanan lipozomlara başarılı bir şekilde kapsüllenmesi de sağlanmıştır. Lipozomal formülasyonlar, topotekan ve Fe3O4@?-CD-TPT kompleksi partikül boyutu, zeta potansiyel, yakalama etkinliği ve stabilite açısından karakterize edilmiştir. Topotekan, Fe3O4@?-CD-TPT kompleksi ve bunların optimize edilmiş lipozomal formları, meme kanseri (MCF-7) kanser hücre dizilerinde sitotoksisite açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Test edilen tüm topotekan içeren formların, MTT analizi ile belirlendiği üzere, hücre çoğalmasını inhibe etmede etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tüm topotekan formları için medyan etkili doz (IC50), test edilen meme kanseri hücre dizileri için düşük µg/mL aralığında bulunmuştur. Sonuçlarımız, topotekan gibi pH duyarlı ilaçların Fe3O4@?-CD inklüzyon komplekslerinin lipozomlar gibi biyouyumlu veziküller içinde tutulabileceğini doğrulamaktadır ve bu onların antikanser aktivitelerini uzun süreye yaydığını göstermektedir.Öğe Use of Magnetic Nanoparticles to Isolate Anaerobic Bacteria(Veysi AKPOLAT, 2022) Bilden, Alican; Ertaş, Erdal; Tural, Bilsen; Çakır, Fatih; Atmaca, Selahattin; Tural, ServetObjective: Anaerobic bacteria, which make up an important part of normal body flora, may lead to serious life-threatening infections. Since isolation and identification of anaerobic bacteria require time-consuming, sensitive, and difficult methods, they can only be performed in certain clinical laboratories. For this reason, diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections are delayed and drug resistance is observed due to empirical treatment. New methods that will enable the early identification of these bacteria will help reduce the duration of treatment and mortality rates due to anaerobic infections. Method: In this study, it is aimed to design magnetic nanoparticles attached to N-methyl-D-glucamine (Mag-NMDG) to catch anaerobic bacteria for rapid identification. Mag-NMDG nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Results: Mag-NMDG nanoparticles were applied to gram positive and gram negative anaerobic bacteria such as Actinomyces odontolyticus, Prevotella buccae, Veillonella parvula, Bifidobacterium dentium and Bacteroides fragilis isolated from culture media. The binding of bacteria to Mag-NMDG was determined by microscope images, McFarland values, and MALDI-TOF MS identification scores. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was concluded that the Mag-NMDG nanoparticles could be used to isolate anaerobic bacteria directly from samples. Thus, it is foreseen that many time-consuming and troublesome steps in the isolation and identification stages can be eliminated.
