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    Intracavernosal anaesthesia: The effect of intracavernosal lidocaine injection on cavernosal tissue
    (1996) Ersay A.
    Intracavernosal anaesthesia has been performed for the block of penis but the effect of intracavernosal lidocaine injection on cavernosal tissue was not examined. The erectile function and the histologie changes in the erectile tissue after intracavernosal lidocaine injection was evaluated in twentyfour New Zeland white rabbits. The animals were divided randomly into two groups and in group 1, 0.5 ml 0.25% plain lidocaine and in group 2, 0.5 ml saline was injected into the left corpus cavernosum. Mild and moderate - severe lesions were demonstrated in small portions in two groups with 25% and 8.33% in group 1, 33.33% and 8.33% in group 2 respectively. Penile deviation and diminution of erectile capability was not observed in any of the subjects. We conclude that, at pH: 6.20, intracavernosal lidocaine induced fibrosis is almost equal to a needle trauma.
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    Intravesical oxybutynin application: Ultrastructural effects on bladder epithelium
    (1999) Ersay A.; Ketani M.A.; Nergiz Y.; Demirtas O.C.; Akkus M.; Otludil B.
    Intravesically applied oxybutynin, rapidly absorbs into the bloodstream, additional to profound local effect. Currently morphologic effects of oxybutynin on local bladder tissue relatively well established at light microscopic level, but not ultrastructural level. Thirty New Zealand White female rabbits were catheterized daily and intravesical instillation were performed with whether l mg/kg oxybutynin solution or saline for 30 days. The local effects of the drug on bladder epithelium at electron microscopic level were examined comparing with saline administration. Urinary tract infection (UTI) incidence were similar in both saline and oxybutynin groups (9 vs. 10 of 15 animals respectively) (p>0.05). Interestingly, in 4 of 5 animals that received oxybutynin and never had UTI during the study, separation of zonula occludens intercellular junction was determinated by Jeol electron microscope. This observation can explain rapid absorption of oxybutynin through the bladder into the blood stream. Oxybutynin can damage bladder surface epithelium at ultrastructural level. This effect may lead to increase absorption of it, but not result in higher incidence of bacterial infection.