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Öğe Ectopic Reticulum in a Cow(Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2016) Altan, Semih; Koc, Yilmaz; Alkan, Fahrettin; Erol, Muharrem; Yildiz, RamazanA two years-old Holstein cow with poor appetite, reduced milk production, and partial defecation was evaluated in the present case report. After routine laboratory and clinical examinations, the animal further received ultrasound examination and then a right fossa paralumbal exploratory laparotomy was performed to the cow. The cow was diagnosed with ectopic reticulum on the laparotomy. After the content of the reticulum was removed, liquid paraffin was administered into the reticulum and its wall and abdominal wall was sutured as routinely. The prognosis of the animal deteriorated gradually following to the laparotomy and it was slaughtered by its owner. This is the first report showing the presence of an ectopic reticulum in a cow. (C) 2016 PVJ. All rights reservedÖğe Hematologic, Blood Gas, Cardiac Biomarkers and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Calves with Atresia Coli and Theirs Relationship with Prognosis(Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, 2017) Coskun, Alparslan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Altan, Semih; Erol, Muharrem; Erol, Hanifi; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Sen, IsmailBackground: Atresia coli is an intestinal anomaly. Generally, absence of defecation in calves less than 10 days old, diminishing appetite, progressing abdominal distention and time-developing depression are reported in atresia coli. Although a calf consumes its milk normally in first days, loss of appetite develops over time. Occasional minor pain indications are observed. The objective of this study was to evaluate of hematologic, blood gases, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters before operation in calves with atresia coli, and to investigate relationship with prognosis of these parameters. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty calves with atresia coli and 6 healthy calves for control were used as material. Poor suction reflex, anorexia, dehydration, abdomen-kicking, frequent leg movement, abdominal distension and depression were observed in calves brought to the clinic. Some calves presented swashing sound depending on content of intestines when abdomen was shaken. Intestine atresia was diagnosed by history and clinical examination. After clinical examination, operation was performed. All calves were observed during 10 days after operation. Fifteen of 30 calves died during 10 days after operation. The blood lactate, WBC, LDH and CK-MB levels in non-surviving calves with atresia coli were significantly higher compared to control calves. The venous blood pH level was significantly lower in non-surviving calves compared to surviving calves. In addition, when compared to the control group, the blood pCO(2) level was significantly higher in non-surviving and surviving calves with atresia coli while the pO(2) and O-2 saturation levels were significantly lower. Discussion: In calves with intestinal atresia, hematologic parameters are normal in first 48 h of disease. However, leukocytosis and shift to the left have been reported over time. However, leukocytosis due to peritonitis, bacterial overgrowth, etc. have been reported over time. It was seen that leukocyte numbers of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study were significantly higher, but leucocyte increase in surviving calves was seen to be statistically insignificant. Leukocyte increased in non-surviving calves with atresia may be associated with excessive bacterial reproduction and peritonitis. Blood lactate level is a commonly used marker for severity of disease in humans and lactate has a prognostic value in adult horses with colic and foals with critical disease. In this study, lactate level in non-surviving calves with atresia coli was significantly higher with respect to surviving calves and control calves. In this result, lactate can be evaluated as a prognostic indicator in calves with atresia coli. Creatine kinase-MB fraction and troponins are used in determination of cardiac damage in veterinary medicine. The fact that serum blood cTnI and CK-MB levels of non-surviving calves with intestinal atresia in this study were higher than surviving calves with atresia coli and control calves suggested that endotoxemia related cardiac damage may have developed. Surgical operation is necessary in the treatment of intestinal atresia. It was determined that the importance of calves age and colon integrity during time of surgical operation in survival of calves with atresia coli. The studies showed that survival rate in surgical operation conducted on calves under 3 days old was higher than calves over 5 day-old. Average of age of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study (4.67 +/- 1.23 days) was higher than average of age of surviving calves with atresia coli (3.27 +/- 0.51 days). It was also observed in our study that elapsed time affected prognosis of calves negatively. Thus, performing surgical operations as soon as possible may raise survival rate of calves with intestinal atresia as stated in previous studies.Öğe Impact of bacterial translocation in calves with atresia coli(Wiley, 2018) Altan, Semih; Koc, Yilmaz; Alkan, Fahrettin; Sayin, Zafer; Erol, MuharremObjective - To identify whether enteric bacteria pass into the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and peritoneal cavity in calves with atresia coli and to evaluate whether the presence of bacterial translocation (BT) has an impact on the success of surgical treatment. Design - Prospective clinical study. Animals - Twenty-six client-owned calves. Interventions - During laparotomy, swab samples were collected from the peritoneal cavity and MLNs using a sterile swab stick and were submitted for microbiological analysis. Measurements and Main Results - Bacterial cultures of swab samples revealed that 65% (n = 17) of the calves experienced BT. Of these, 14 calves experienced BT to the MLNs, 9 to the peritoneal cavity, and 5 to both regions. Of the bacteria isolated from the MLNs, 72% (n = 10) were Escherichia coli. Of the samples isolated from the peritoneal fluid, 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli and 33% (n = 3) contained E. coli + coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). In calves with BT that were discharged (n = 13) and without BT that were discharged (n = 7), the median survival was 30 days; these data were found to be similar in the 2 groups. Conclusions - This study revealed that BT is observed in the majority of atresia coli cases. E. coli is more common in BT, and translocation occurs primarily through the lymphatic route. These results suggest that the presence of BT is closely related to the success of the operation for correction of atresia coli.Öğe Surgical treatment of a calf with jejunum intussusception: Case report(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2015) Erol, Muharrem; Erol, Hanifi; Koç, Yılmaz; Altan, SemihThe purpose of the present case report was to describe the clinical, laboratory and surgical findings of jejunum intussusception in a five-month old male calf. In this clinical case history, anorexia and lack of defecation for three days were learned from the owner. After clinical and laboratory examination the calf was referred to the Surgery Clinic. A leftflank laparotomy was performed. Intestines were examined for pathologic situation changes. During examination, solid consistency intestine segment was palpated at slight right of the ventral line. During macroscopic examination, invaginated intestine segment was detected as jejunum. Invaginated parts of intestine were edematous, cyanotic and fibrous adhesive, resection and end-to-end anastomosis were performed. The calf discharged was followed by owner. In conclusion, intussusceptions are rarely seen in five month old calves. Its diagnosis could be made by experimental laparotomy and intestine intussusceptions treated with routine surgical interventions in this period.
