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    Influence of Chute Slope on Oxygen Content in Stepped Waterways
    (Gazi Univ, 2009) Baylar, Ahmet; Emiroglu, M. Emin; Bagatur, Tamer
    Water quality and its enhancement have a close connection with the presence of dissolved oxygen. In fact, the oxygen concentration in surface waters is a prime indicator of the water quality for human use as well as for the aquatic biota. The physical process of oxygen transfer or oxygen absorption from the atmosphere acts to replenish the used oxygen. This process is termed re-aeration or aeration. Aeration enhancement by macro-roughness is well-known in water treatment, and one form is the aeration cascade. The macro-roughness of the steps significantly reduces flow velocities and leads to flow aeration along the stepped cascade. This paper seeks influence of channel slope on oxygen content in stepped cascade aerators. It is demonstrated that the aeration efficiency of the stepped cascade aerators increases with increasing channel slope.
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    Öğe
    Prediction of oxygen content of nappe, transition, and skimming flow regimes in stepped-channel chutes
    (Ice Publishing, 2007) Baylar, Ahmet; Bagatur, Tamer; Emiroglu, M. Emin
    In a stepped-channel chute, the chute face is provided with a series of steps, from near the crest to the toe. Like many other high-speed flow configurations in hydraulic engineering, stepped-channel chute flows are characterized by the large amount of self-entrained air. Air entrainment on stepped-channel chutes is also recognized for its contribution to the oxygen transfer. The flow conditions in stepped-channel chutes have been classified into nappe flows, transition flows, and skimming flows. In this study, the aeration efficiency of stepped-channel chutes was investigated, and in particular, the effect of varying flow regimes. The results indicated that the nappe flow regime led to the larger aeration efficiency than the other flow regimes. Moreover, the mass transfer equations were developed to predict the aeration efficiency of the stepped-channel chutes in terms of dissolved oxygen. There is good agreement between the measured aeration efficiency values and the values computed from the predictive equations.