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    The effect of dexamethasone on gastric mucosal changes following sialoadenectomy in rat
    (Editrice Kurtis S R L, 2005) Elitok, B; Elitok, ÖM; Ketani, MA; Kurt, D; Kanay, Z
    In this study, dexamethasone-induced gastric lesions were studied in rats that had undergone sialoadenectomy. The ultrastructural changes developed during the study were detected by electron microscopically, while blood serum and stomach epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations were measured by RIA. The result of the study showed that gastric lesions were correlated with gastric mucus secretion and both serum and mucosa EGF levels. After the administration of dexamethasone, it was found that sialoadenectomy significantly (p < 0.01) raised the incidence of stomach lesions (p < 0.01), and a significant increase in mucus secretion was also found. Additionally, the serum and gastric mucosal EGF levels fell after sialoadenectomy when compared to normal rats. The most important gastric mucosal changes were observed in rats treated with dexamethasone and those both sialoadenectomised and treated with clexamethasone.
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    Efficacy of azithromycin dihydrate in treatment of cryptosporidiosis in naturally infected dairy calves
    (Wiley, 2005) Elitok, E; Elitok, ÖM; Pulat, H
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of azithromycin treatment of cryptosporidiosis in naturally infected calves under field conditions. Fifty Holstein calves with cryptosporidiosis infection were divided into 5 groups: I group (10 calves) was unmedicated and served as the control group and was given distilled water only, whereas the other groups (10 animals per group) were medicated orally with azithromycin at the doses of 500 (group 1), 1,000 (group 2), 1,500 (group 3), and 2,000 mg (group 4) PO once daily for 7 days. The animals were examined clinically and fecal samples were collected on the 1st (inclusion day), 7th, 14th, and 21st days of the study. Drug efficacy was assessed by evaluating diarrhea, oocyst shedding, and weight gains from days 1 to 21 (4 assessments). Significant differences were observed in reductions of oocyst shedding (P < .05) and the fecal diarrhea incidence (P < .05) in groups 3 and 4 when compared with groups I and 2 and the control group. Weight gain of medicated calves was significantly higher than that of the unmedicated calves throughout the study (P < .05). The drug significantly suppressed oocyst shedding and resulted in significant improvements in clinical signs. Therefore, this suppression may have significant effect on the reduction of environmental contamination by cryptosporidial oocysts. From the economic point view, authors suggest that the most effective dose of azithromycin for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in calves should be at 1,500 mg/d for 7 days.
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    Natural ovine dermatophilosis: Clinical aspects and efficacy of penicillin/streptomycin treatment
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2002) Sekin, S; Elitok, ÖM; Elitok, B; Suay, A
    This is the first report about natural Dermatophilus congolensis infection in Turkey. Presumptive and confirmatory diagnoses were made based on clinical signs and the demonstration of the bacteria frorn scab material by direct microscopic examination and by culturing the organism on bacteriological media and identifying it by conventional methods such as biochemical reactions. The study was carried out using two groups of animals. Seventy sheep and 20 goats, 8-11 months old were included in group 1 and 155, 1-4 weeks old lambs in group 2. Ten sheep and five goats in the first group and 10 lambs in the second group were allocated as control groups. In group 1, the animals were treated daily with 20.000 IU Benzilpenicillin procaine and 20 mg Dihydrostreptomycin mixture per kg body weight for 5 days. Antibiotic sprays were applied locally. In the second group, lambs were treated daily with intramusculer injection of the same antibiotic for 3 days at the same dose. Differences between treated and untreated sheep in terms of recovery were highly significant (p < 0.01) in week 5 and (p < 0.001) in weeks 6, 7 and 8. Compared to untreated lambs, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was found in treated lambs in weeks 2 and 3 after treatment.