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    Differential Expression of CD34, S100, and c-Kit in Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis - Immunochemical Study
    (Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2009) Ozturk, Hulya; Ozturk, Hayrettin; Yilmaz, Fahri; Okur, Hanifi; Otcu, Selcuk; Dokucu, Ali Ihsan
    Background. The pathogenesis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is poorly understood although many hypotheses have been proposed. Objectives. Assessment whether the differential expression of c-Kit, CD34, and S100 may be involved in the development of IHPS. Material and Methods. Specimens from 14 infants with IHPS and seven control subjects were immunohistochemically stained for c-Kit, CD34, and S100. The numbers of CD34(+), S100(+), and c-Kit(+) cells in five random fields per specimen were compared via light microscopy (x200). Results. In normal pyloric tissue, specific and intense c-Kit immunoreactivity was observed in the muscle layers and moderate staining was observed around the myenteric plexus. In IHPS patients, c-Kit+ cells were either absent or markedly reduced around the myenteric plexus. In control and IHPS patients, CD34(+) cells were not observed around the myenteric plexus. In the vascular endothelium, moderate CD34 staining was observed in specimens from control subjects, whereas intense staining was observed for IHPS patients. In normal pyloric tissue, moderate S100 immunoreactivity was observed in the muscle layers and intense staining was observed in the myenteric plexus. In IHPS patients, few S100(+) cells were observed in the pyloric muscle layers and S100 immunoreactivity decreased markedly around the myenteric plexus. Conclusions. These results suggest that the numbers of c-Kit(+) and S100(+) cells are markedly decreased in the pyloric muscle layers and around the myenteric plexus in IHPS patients. Thus a lack of c-Kit and S100, but not CD34, expression may be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of IHPS and may serve as a useful prognostic tool in the treatment of this disease (Adv Clin Exp Med 2009, 18, 1, 33-39).
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    Effects of lexipafant (BB-882), a platelet activating factor receptor antagonist, on liver damage due to bile duct ligation in rats
    (Univ Catholique Louvain-Ucl, 2006) Oeztuerk, Hulya; Oeztuerk, Hayrettin; Dokucu, Ali Ihsan; Otcu, Selcuk
    Background and study aims : Extrahepatic cholestasis is one of the main factors causing liver fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of lexipafant (BB-882), a platelet activating factor receptor antagonist, on liver damage in rats with bile duct ligation. Methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 160-190 g were used in this study. Group I (Sham-control, n = 10) rats were undergone laparotomy alone and bile duct was just dissected from the surrounding tissue. Group 2 rats (BDL/Untreated, n = 10) were subjected to bile duct ligation and no drug was applied. Group 3 rats (BDUBB-882, n = 10) received a daily dose of BB-882 intraperitoneally for 14 days after BDL. At the end of the two-week period, biochemical and histological evaluation was processed. Results : The mean serum bilirubin and liver enzymes level significantly decreased, and Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase values were significantly increased in BDL/BB-882 group when compared to BDUUntreated group. The histopathological score was significantly less in the BDUBB-882 group compared to the BDL/Untreated rats. In the BDL/BB-882 group was observed less fibrosis and neutrophil infiltration. Conclusions : These results suggest that BB-882 (lexipafant) may reduce the severity of the inflammatory response to liver injury produced by bile duct ligation in rats.
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    The effects of molsidomine on hypoxia inducible factor alpha and Sonic hedgehog in testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
    (Springer, 2009) Dokucu, Ali Ihsan; Ozturk, Hulya; Ozturk, Hayrettin; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi; Yilmaz, Fahri
    This study was designed to determine the effect of molsidomine (MO), a precursor of nitric oxide (NO) donor, on hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) levels considered to be involved in the development of testes ischemia/reperfusion (I-R) injury. Torsions were created by rotating ipsilateral testes 720A degrees in a clockwise direction for 6 h and 1-h detorsion of the testis was performed. A sham operation was performed in group 1 (control, n = 7). In group 2 (I-R/Untreated, n = 7), following 6 h of unilateral testicular torsion, 1-h detorsion of the testis was performed. No drug was given. In group 3 (I-R/MO), after performing the same surgical procedure as in group 2, a NO donor MO was given at the starting time of reperfusion. In group 4 (I-R/L-NAME), after performing the same surgical procedure as in group 2, L-NAME was given at the starting time of reperfusion. Testes malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined as well as examining the testes histologically. Treatment of rats with MO produced a significant reduction in the levels of MDA and histopathological score compared to testes I-R groups. The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression in the basement membrane of the tubuli seminiferi, and sertoli and germinal cells in testicular tissue, were greatly increased in the I-R/MO group compared to groups 1, 2 and 4. Additionally, the HIF-1 alpha expression in the interstitial spaces in testicular tissue were greatly increased in the I-R/MO group. The results suggest that MO has a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat testes and may affect Shh and HIF-1 alpha signaling pathway.
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    Retroperitoneal organ injury caused by anterior penetrating abdominal injury in children
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003) Ozturk, Hayrettin; Otcu, Selcuk; Onen, Abdurrahman; Dokucu, Ali Ihsan
    Objective: To describe the retroperitoneal organ injury pattern after anterior penetrating abdominal injury in children. Setting: The paediatric surgical department of a university teaching hospital. Patients and methods: All children presenting with firearm and stab wounds to the anterior abdomen between January 1983 and April 2001. Results: Forty-nine children (34%) with penetrating anterior abdominal wounds had retroperitoneal organ injury. The most injured organs were the descending colon in 17 patients (35%), ascending colon in eight patients (16%), and kidney in seven (14%). The most commonly associated injured organ was the small bowel. Postoperative septic complications were seen in 10 patients (20%). The most common postoperative complication was wound infection. When we compared patients with intraperitoneal organ injury with patients with retroperitoneal injury, there was no difference in parameters such as age, associated organ injury, morbidity and mortality between both groups. The main causative factor of retroperitoneal injuries was shotgun wounds, whereas it was stabbing in intra-abdominal injuries (P < 0.05). The number of injured organs and the hospital stay is significantly greater in retroperitoneal organ injuries, and the trauma scores such as the Injury Severity Score (P < 0.001) and the Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (P < 0.001) were found to be significantly higher. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal organ injury is commonly associated with anterior penetrating abdominal trauma. Even if there is no preoperative sign of retroperitoneal organ injury, an exploratory laparotomy and a meticulous retroperitoneal exploration should also be performed for associated retroperitoneal organ injury. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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    The role of cell adhesion molecules in ischemic epididymal injury
    (Springer, 2007) Ozturk, Hayrettin; Ozturk, Hulya; Dokucu, Ali Ihsan
    Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role of adhesion molecules in epididymal injury induced by I-R in the rats. Study design A total of 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into two groups. A sham operation was performed in group 1 (control). In group 2 (I-R), following 6 h of unilateral spermatic cord torsion, 1-h detorsion of the testis was performed. Then, epididymides were removed to measure the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and to make histological examination. Results MDA values increased in the group 2. In the group 2 rats demonstrated significant disorganization of the epithelium and loss of microvilli in the epididymal tissue. No abnormal microscopic findings of the epididymis of the rats in the control group. The tenascin expression in the interstitial area of the epididymis was intense in the group 2. ICAM-1 expression by intense brown staining was seen along the basement membrane in epididymal tissue from I to R group rats. The microvillus sites of the epithelia in I-R group were stained mildly by lectin. Conclusion The increased expression of adhesion molecules found in epididymal injury induced during postischemic reperfusion might implicate importance of inflammatory infiltration.