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    Audiological abnormalities in patients with alopecia areata
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Ucak, H.; Soylu, E.; Ozturk, S.; Demir, B.; Cicek, D.; Erden, I.; Akyigit, A.
    Background Audiological abnormalities seen in various autoimmune disorders raises the question of whether such abnormalities also exist in alopecia areata. Objective This study was performed to detect possible audiological abnormalities in Alopecia areata (AA) patients. Methods The study population consisted of 51 patients with AA and 51 healthy controls. Autoscopic and audiometric examinations of both ears were performed in patients and controls. Audiometric examinations were performed using a pure tone audiometer in a silent cabin. Pure tone thresholds were determined for each ear at frequencies of 250-16000 Hz for air conduction. Results Sensorineural hypoacusis was found in 28 patients with AA (54.9%). Six of these 28 patients showed unilateral minimal hearing loss (>30 dB) at high frequencies only (4000-16 000 Hz), while 22 showed bilateral minimal hearing loss (>30 dB) at high frequencies only (4000-16 000 Hz). Hypoacusis was observed in 13 control subjects (25.4%). Sensorineural hypoacusis was significantly more frequent in AA patients than controls (P = 0.002). Conclusion Follicular melanocytes may be an important target in the autoimmune process of AA and AA may have an effect on hearing function by affecting the melanocytes in the inner ear. Therefore, there may be a relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and the autoimmune disease, AA.
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    Does hepcidin play a role in the pathogenesis of aphthae in Behcet's disease and recurrent aphthous stomatitis?
    (Wiley, 2014) Cicek, D.; Dagli, A. F.; Aydin, S.; Dogan, F. Baskaya; Dertlioglu, S. B.; Ucak, H.; Demir, B.
    BackgroundAphthae constitute one of the major signs in Behcet's disease (BD) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). No scientific study has yet explored the relationship of hepcidins, which have antimicrobial effects, with RAS and BD. ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to evaluate by immunohistochemistry whether hepcidin is synthesized by the salivary glands and to measure levels of prohepcidin and hepcidin (an antibacterial peptide) in the serum and saliva of patients with BD and RAS. MethodsThe study included 25 BD patients and 30 RAS patients, as well as a control group comprising 25 healthy individuals. Serum and saliva samples were collected at the same time from all subjects. Levels of prohepcidin and hepcidin were measured by ELISA. The presence of hepcidin in salivary glands was assessed by immunohistochemistry. ResultsHepcidin was localized in the striated ducts of the sublingual and parotid glands. Saliva prohepcidin and hepcidin levels were correlated with blood levels. Saliva prohepcidin levels were found to be lower in RAS patients than in BD patients and healthy controls (P<0.001 and P=0.007 respectively). In addition, RAS patients had lower saliva hepcidin levels than did the control group (P=0.03). ConclusionsThe lower serum and saliva prohepcidin and hepcidin concentrations found in RAS and BD patients indicate that hepcidin may be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of these diseases. Because it can be obtained non-invasively and easily, saliva may provide a useful alternative to serum in quantifying prohepcidin and hepcidin concentrations.
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    Serum Ghrelin Levels in Patients with Chronic Urticaria and Atopic Dermatitis and Its Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome
    (Univ West Indies Faculty Medical Sciences, 2023) Demir, B.; Cicek, D.; Dertlioglu, S.; Aydin, S.; Ucak, H.; Ergin, C.; Erden, I.
    Objective: Chronic urticaria is a systemic inflammatory disease. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic immunological disease that is characterized by an increase in systemic inflammatory response. In several studies, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis were reported to be associated metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the serum ghrelin levels in the patients with chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Methods: Thirty patients with chronic urticaria, 30 patients with atopic dermatitis and 30 control subjects participated in this study. Blood fasting glucose and serum lipids, insulin, C-peptide levels and thyroid function tests were measured. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to calculate insulin resistance. Ghrelin levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Results: The mean serum ghrelin levels in the patients with chronic urticaria (54.13 +/- 40.94 pg/mL) and atopic dermatitis (65.33 +/- 93.54 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those of the controls (30.36 +/- 17.13 pg/mL) (p = 0.003, p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion: We detected higher serum ghrelin levels in the patients with chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis than the controls. However, we failed to find any association between serum ghrelin levels and insulin resistance or MetS. We think that the high levels of serum ghrelin in the patients with chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis may be related to the mechanisms independent of insulin resistance.