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Öğe Arthropathy, quality of life, depression, and anxiety in Behcet's disease: relationship between arthritis and these factors(Springer London Ltd, 2006) Gur, Ali; Sarac, Aysegul Jale; Burkan, Yahya Kemal; Nas, Kemal; Cevik, RemziWe aimed to determine arthritis frequency, quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression levels in Behcet's disease (BD) and thereby the effect of joint involvement on QoL, anxiety, and depression. Sixty-three patients diagnosed with BD according to the International Study Group Diagnostic Criteria and 45 healthy subjects as control were included in the study. All patients were evaluated in terms of clinical findings, the number and site of the joints involved, sacroiliac joint involvement, pain intensity, QoL, anxiety, and depression scale. The instruments used were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depression, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) for anxiety, and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) for health status and QoL. Joint involvement was seen in 41.3% of the patients. The most characteristic form was asymmetric oligoarthritis, which was seen in 65.3% of the patients. The joints most commonly involved were found to be in the wrist (53.8%) and knee (50%). Sacroiliitis was found at a rate of 38.1%. In BD patients without arthritis, rates of men (p=0.004) and genital ulcer (p=0.001) were higher, and rates of erythema nodosum (p=0.001) and human leukocyte antigen B5 positivity (p=0.023) were less than those of BD patients with arthritis. Pain intensity (p=0.000), NHP (p=0.004), and HAQ (p=0.003) scores were significantly higher in BD patients with arthritis than those without arthritis. Pain intensity, NHP, BDI, and STAI-T scores were significantly higher in BD patients without arthritis than in healthy controls, while pain intensity, NHP, HAQ, BDI, and STAI-T scores were significantly higher in BD patients with arthritis than in healthy controls (p=0.000). In conclusion, our study establishes that arthropathy is one of the common manifestations of BD. Arthritis in BD affects considerably patients' pain levels and QoL. A multistep approach is required for these patients. We are of the opinion that this approach may also improve the QoL of these patients and prevent the activation of the disease.Öğe THE ASSESMENT OF CARDIAC SEMPATOVAGAL ACTIVITY BY HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS(Oxford Univ Press, 2011) Cevik, Figen Ceylan; Yazici, Selma; Cil, Habib; Cevik, Remzi; Sarac, Aysegul Jale; Nas, Kemal[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Assessment of sexual function and quality of life in patients with lower limb amputations(Ios Press, 2019) Em, Serda; Karakoc, Mehmet; Sariyildiz, Mustafa Akif; Bozkurt, Mehtap; Aydin, Abdulkadir; Cevik, Remzi; Nas, KemalBACKGROUND: Diseases causing disabilities lead to sexual dysfunction. However, studies that evaluate sexual functions in patients with traumatic lower limb amputations (LLA) are limited and controversial. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to evaluate sexual functions in male patients with LLA and to identify factors that might contribute to sexual dysfunction. The hypothesis is that male patients with LLA would experience worse sexual and emotional functioning and consequently emotional impairment that consequently influenced the sexual function. METHODS: Sixty men with traumatic LLA and 60 healthy men were assessed according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scoring system. Emotional state was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the quality of life by the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). RESULTS: Patients had significantly lower scores in the IIEF total score and subscores in comparison with the controls. Intercourse satisfaction scores were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with trans-tibial amputation than in those with trans-femoral amputation. BDI and BAI scores negatively correlated with erectile function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, overall satisfaction and total IIEF scores. The mental and physical scores of SF-36 significantly correlated with some of the sub scores and IIEF total scores. The power of statistical analysis for study population was 100% according to the given effect size (alpha = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the LLA leads to impairments in the sexual function and quality of life in male patients. Also, sexual dysfunction in patients is strongly associated with emotional state, pain, level of amputation and quality of life.Öğe Association of Neuron-Specific Enolase with Sleep Quality, Cognitive Function And Quality of Life in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome(Clinical & Exper Rheumatology, 2014) Verim, Sabahattin; Cavas, Husamettin; Nas, Kemal; Yazmalar, Levent; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Cevik, Remzi[Abstract Not Available]Öğe A case of brucellar spondylodiscitis involving the cervical spine(Ios Press, 2009) Nas, Kemal; Bukte, Yasar; Ustun, Cemal; Cevik, Remzi; Geyik, Mehmet Faruk; Batmaz, IbrahimWe have presented a patient of 71-year-age with brucellar spondylodiscitis, involving the cervical spine, especially the C3-C4 segment. The patient had painful percussion of the cervical spine and passive mobilization of the neck, decreased range of motion, and cervical paravertebral tenderness; but no abnormalities observed on neurological examination. Wright agglutination test for brucella was positive at 1/320. Cervical localization for brucellar spondylodiscitis is an unusual case and should be detected and treated as early as possible. In endemic regions, spinal involvement of brucellosis should be considered in cases with fever, neck and low back pain.Öğe A Case of Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda Coexisting With Osteoporosis and Mimicking Spondyloarthropathy(Galenos Yayincilik, 2013) Batmaz, Ibrahim; Sariyildiz, Mustafa Akif; Dilek, Banu; Ulu, Mehmet Ali; Verim, Sabahattin; Budulgan, Mahmut; Cevik, RemziSpondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT), which is characterized by short stature with short trunk, may cause barrel chest, kyphoscoliosis, platyspondyly, coxa vara and genu varum/valgum deformities due to delayed formation of epiphyses. The association of SEDT with osteopenia and osteoporosis has been reported. Chronic back and buttock pain, swelling of the joints and morning stiffness are some of the clinical findings of SEDT which can be confused with inflamatory diseases. In this article, we present a 19-year-old male patient with SEDT who was diagnosed as having spondyloarthropathy because of back and buttock pain and morning stiffness associated with osteoporosis.Öğe A Case With Type I Gaucher Primarily Involved Pelvis(Elmer Press Inc, 2012) Dilek, Banu; Aydin, Fatma; Dag, Ilknur Sevin Buluttekin; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Nas, Kemal; Cevik, RemziType 1 Gaucher disease is the most common lysosomal storage disorder which also affects the musculoskeletal system with various organ manifestations. Here, we aimed to present a case diagnosed Type 1 Gaucher disease which mainly involved pelvis.Öğe Clinical performance of rheumatoid arthritis impact of disease score: a real-life evidence from the multicenter nationwide registry BioStaR(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Melikoglu, Meltem Alkan; Ataman, Sebnem; Bodur, Hatice; Cay, Hasan Fatih; Capkin, Erhan; Akgul, Ozgur; Cevik, RemziThe rheumatoid arthritis impact of disease (RAID) score was developed as a patient-derived composite response index for the evaluation of the disease impact on cases with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and performance of RAID score in the real-life settings. Cases with RA from our multi-center, nationwide registry called Biologic and targeted Synthetic antirheumatic drugs Registry RA (BioStaR RA) were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Demographic data, disease duration, pain, patient's global assessment (PGA) and physician's global assessment (PhyGA) were recorded. DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, the simplified disease activity index (SDAI) and the clinical disease activity index (CDAI) were assessed as disease activity evaluations. The health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI) and RAID were completed by all the participants. The construct validity was tested by the analysis of correlations between RAID score and scores of PGA, disease activity indexes and HAQ-DI. We also evaluated the discriminatory ability of RAID to distinguish patients with different levels of disease activity and disability and the cut-off values were calculated by ROC analysis. 585 cases with RA were included in this investigation. The RAID score was significantly positively correlated with PGA, all disease activity indexes and HAQ-DI (p < 0.001). The discriminatory ability of RAID score in different disease activity and disability groups was also demonstrated (p < 0.001). To estimate DAS28-ESR (remission/low + moderate + high), RAID score cut-off points were 2.88 (sensitivity 73%, specificity 62%), 3.23 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 60%) and 3.79 (sensitivity 74%, specificity 58%), respectively. Our study indicated that RAID was a reliable tool in daily clinical practice by presenting its correlations with disease activity and disability assessments and by showing its discriminatory ability in these parameters in the real-life experiences.Öğe Comparison of ASDAS and BASDAI as a measure of disease activity in axial psoriatic arthritis(Springer London Ltd, 2015) Kilic, Gamze; Kilic, Erkan; Nas, Kemal; Karkucak, Murat; Capkin, Erhan; Dagli, Abdullah Zubeyir; Cevik, RemziThe aim of this study was to compare the discriminative ability of Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and other clinical disease activity parameters in patients with axial psoriatic arthritis (axPsA). Patients with axPsA were recruited from Erciyes Spondyloarthritis Cohort (ESPAC) and Anatolian Group for the Assessment in Rheumatic Disease (ANGARD) cohort and were assessed for BASDAI, ASDAS, BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index), Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL), and visual analog scale (VAS) pain. The discriminant ability of ASDAS-C-reactive protein (-CRP) and ASDAS-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (-ESR) was assessed using standardized mean differences between patients with high and low disease activity. Fifty-four patients with axPsA were included in the study. Both ASDAS scores showed good discriminative ability between high and low disease activity states. Both ASDAS versions and BASDAI had relatively high area under the curve (AUC) according to ASAS partial remission, patient and physician global assessments in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. There was no significant difference between AUC scores for the models that compared ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR with BASDAI for each individual definition of disease activity states. ASDAS versions and BASDAI showed good similar discriminative ability between high and low disease activity as reflected by the AUC analysis in axPsA. The cutoff values for inactive disease and high disease activity were relatively similar to predefined cutoff values for AS. Further, prospective validation is now required to identify the appropriate assessment tools and cutoff values in axPsA.Öğe Comparison of PA spine, lateral spine, and femoral BMD measurements to determine bone loss in ankylosing spondylitis(Springer Heidelberg, 2013) Ulu, Mehmet Ali; Cevik, Remzi; Dilek, BanuTo evaluate bone loss in the early- and late-stage ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients using posteroanterior (PA) and lateral lumbar and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) measurement methods. Eighty-six AS patients and 50 control subjects were enrolled. PA spine, lateral spine, and femur BMD values of patients and controls were measured. The presence of any syndesmophytes or compression fractures was determined. Patients were divided as early (< 10 years) and late stage (a parts per thousand yen10 years) according to the onset of the inflammatory pain. Mean PA spinal BMD was similar in patients and controls (p = 0.460). Femoral and lateral spine BMD values were significantly lower in patients (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001). When comparing early- and late-stage AS groups, mean PA spinal BMD was found to be lower in the early group (p = 0.005), while femoral and lateral spinal values were lower (although statistically not significant) in the late group. At least one compression fracture was present in 28 % of patients. Although not statistically significant, mean PA spinal BMD was higher in those with fractures. Femoral and lateral spinal BMD values were significantly lower in the fracture group (p = 0.034 and p = 0.004). Lateral spinal BMD values were significantly lower in patients with syndesmophytes (p = 0.004). Bone loss is increased in AS compared with control subjects. The BMD measurement at the lateral lumbar spine reflects bone loss and fracture risk better than PA spine and femoral measurements.Öğe Discrimination ability of ASDAS estimating disease activity status in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Nas, Kemal; Yildirim, Kadir; Cevik, Remzi; Karatay, Saliha; Erdal, Akin; Baysal, Ozlem; Altay, ZuhalObjectives: To investigate discrimination ability of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) endorsed disease activity score (ASDAS) versions evaluating low and high disease activity in an unselected group of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Patients consecutively included into the joint database of five university hospitals were analyzed for low or high disease activity according to different criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMD) for two ASDAS versions were evaluated. Results: The ASDAS versions (back pain, morning stiffness, patient global pain, pain/swelling of peripheral joints, plus either erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein) discriminated high and low disease activity in subgroups according to Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (BASDAI) and ASAS remission/partial remission criteria. ASDAS versions were also not influenced by peripheral arthritis and correlated well with other outcome measurements and acute-phase reactants. The ASDAS versions performed better than patient-reported measures or acute-phase reactants discriminating high and low disease activity status. Conclusion: Both ASDAS versions, consisting of both patient-reported data and acute-phase reactants, performed well in discriminating low and high disease activity. Further longitudinal data may better estimate the usefulness of ASDAS to assess disease activity subgroups and treatment response.Öğe THE EFFECT OF GENDER ON DISEASE ACTIVITY, FUNCTIONAL INDEX AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH AXIAL SPA. THE DATA OF TLAR-NETWORK PSA STUDY(Bmj Publishing Group, 2019) Nas, Kemal; Kilic, Erkan; Tekeoglu, Ibrahim; Cevik, Remzi; Sargin, Betul; Kasman, Sevtap Acer; Alkan, Hakan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effect of new traction technique of prone position on distraction of lumbar vertebrae and its relation with different application of heating therapy in low back pain(Ios Press, 2007) Cevik, Remzi; Bilici, Aslan; Gur, Ali; Sarac, Ayseguel Jale; Yildiz, Hidir; Nas, Kemal; Ceviz, AdnanObjective: In medicine, traction is used for act of pulling force for producing distraction or separation between two or more parts of body. However, it is limited to the cervical or lumbar spine in physiotherapic application. We aimed to investigate effect of new traction technique on anatomic structures of lumbar vertebrae, and its' relation to different application of heating therapy. Method: Ninety five consecutive patients with persistent low back pain participated in this study. Traction applied on new table in prone position. Heating therapy applied concomitantly with traction (group I, n: 32) and sham traction (group III, n: 31), and before traction (group II, n: 32). Lateral lumbosacral radiographs were obtained before and during traction. Results: Significant distraction in each disc space; decreasing in both lumbosacral angles and increasing in L1-S1 total distance were found with lying on new table without traction in three groups. Significant widening of all disc spaces and L1-S1 total distances were also obtained during traction in group I, while there were significant widening in L1-L2 anterior, L3-L4 anterior and posterior, L5-S1 posterior disc spaces, and L1-S1 anterior and posterior total distances during traction in group II and in posterior disc space of L5-S1 during sham traction in group III as compared to lying on table without traction. Conclusion: This is a preliminary study to investigate efficacy of new traction technique in prone position. Significant increasing in lumbar intervertebral disc spaces and changes in other anatomic structures were obtained on new table. Efficacy of traction application seemed to be increased by synchronized heating therapy. Creation of negative intradiscal pressure is important to suck back herniated disc material with distraction of lumbar vertebrae in prone position. Future clinical studies should be carried out to investigate efficacy of this traction technique in treatment of low back pain.Öğe Efficacy of Pulsed and Continuous Therapeutic Ultrasound in Myofascial Pain Syndrome A Randomized Controlled Study(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Ilter, Leman; Dilek, Banu; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Ulu, Mehmet Ali; Sariyildiz, Mustafa A.; Nas, Kemal; Cevik, RemziObjectives This study aimed to compare continuous and pulsed ultrasound therapy with sham ultrasound in terms of pain, severity of muscle spasm, function, depression, and quality of life in patients with myofascial pain syndrome. Design Patients were randomly divided into three groups, including the continuous ultrasound group (3 MHz, 1 W/cm(2), n = 20), the pulsed ultrasound group (3 MHz, 1 W/cm(2), 1:1 ratio, n = 20), and control group (sham, n = 20). The primary outcome measures were severity of pain at rest and during activity (visual analog scale, 0-10 cm). The secondary outcome measures were function (Neck Pain and Disability Scale), depressive mood (Beck Depression Scale), and quality of life (Nottingham Health Profile). All evaluations were performed at baseline, after treatment, and at the 6th and 12th wks. Results All three groups had significant improvements in all of the pain scores, the severity of muscle spasms, function assessments, and certain subparameters of the quality of life scale (P < 0.05). The continuous ultrasound group had significantly greater improvements in pain at rest (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the other parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusions Continuous ultrasound therapy is more efficient in reducing pain at rest for myofascial pain syndrome patients than is sham or pulsed ultrasound therapy.Öğe Evaluation of osteoporosis in jaw bones using cone beam CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(Nihon Univ, School Dentistry, 2016) Gungor, Enes; Yildirim, Derya; Cevik, RemziThe aim of this study was to evaluate changes in jaw bones due to osteoporosis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Subjects that had undergone CBCT for various oral conditions and demonstrating clinical findings of osteoporosis were invited to participate in the study. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on 90 patients aged over 30 years who underwent CBCT. The study groups were based on DXA results, and included 26 osteoporosis patients (mean age standard deviation; 58.52 5.91), 33 osteopenia patients (52.67 +/- 8.61) and 31 healthy controls (49.81 +/- 10.47). CBCT images of jaw bones were evaluated using radiomorphometric indexes, CT values, histogram analysis (HA) and fractal dimension (FD) analysis. Right and left mandibular radiomorphometric indexes, CT values and HA measurements in osteoporosis patients were significantly lower than measurements in osteopenia patients and control subjects (P <= 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between measurements of spine bone mineral density (BMD) and right and left mandibular CT values (P <= 0.01) and HA (P <= 0.01) measurements. Left maxilla FD measurements in osteoporosis patients were significantly lower than in the control (P <= 0.05) and osteopenia (P <= 0.05) groups. Osteoporosis caused significant changes in radiomorphometric indexes, CT values, and HA and FD measurements in the jaw bones.Öğe THE EVALUATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLASMA ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE (ADMA) AND AORTIC STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS 'WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS(Nobel Ilac, 2013) Ariturk, Zuhal; Dag, Sevin; Elbey, M. Ali; Kaya, Hasan; Ertas, Faruk; Bozkurt, Mehtap; Cevik, RemziObjective: Endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy are crucial pathogenic factors in systemic sclerosis. Increased concentrations of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) may also contribute to endothelial dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis. We evaluated the relationship between ADMA and aortic elastic properties in patients with systemic sclerosis. Material and Method: Plasma ADMA levels were measured in 30 patients with systemic sclerosis (28females, mean age 40.7 +/- 11.6) and 30 healthy subjects (27 females, mean age 40.6 +/- 13). Aortic stiffness was determined with echocardiography Results: In patients with systemic sclerosis, the mean value of ADMA was 0.53 +/- 0.13ymolficompared with 0.46 +/- 0.15 mu mol/l for control group. Systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and aortic 'strain' were found to be higher in patients with systemic sclerosis (p=0.027, p=0.048, p=0.037, respectively), diyastolic blood pressure and aortic distensibility was found lower in systemic sclerosis (p=0.039, p=0.045, respectively). There was no significant correlations between ADMA and aortic 'strain'. Conclusion: ADMA serum levels were increased in patients with systemic sclerosis, but no significant correlation was found between ADMA and aort's elastic structure (aortic 'strain', distensibility, and aortic stiffness index).Öğe Gender specific differences in patients with psoriatic arthritis(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Nas, Kemal; Capkin, Erhan; Dagli, Abdullah Zubeyir; Cevik, Remzi; Kilic, Erkan; Kilic, Gamze; Karkucak, MuratObjectives: To assess gender related differences in a cohort of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods: Consecutively recruited patients were included and underwent clinical, radiological and laboratory evaluation by using standardized protocol and case report forms.Results: Women (n=115) with PsA had higher symptom duration and body mass index (BMI), tender and swollen joint counts, disease activity score-28 joints (DAS28), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and poorer physical activity and fatigue than men (n=72) with PsA. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) were higher in male patients. However quality of life (SF36 physical and mental component scores), articular pattern, extra-articular features (including uveitis, iritis) and family history for psoriasis, spondyloarthritis (SpA) (PsA and ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) were quite similar between men and women.Conclusions: Some of the clinical and laboratory variables tend to be different between men and women with PsA. The extent of quality of life and articular pattern seem to be similar in both genders. Men with PsA are more likely to have higher PASI scores and longer duration to develop arthritis after the onset of psoriasis, while women are more likely to have higher disease activity and report more fatigue and physical activity limitations.Öğe HIGH OCCURRENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS(Oxford Univ Press, 2011) Karakoc, Mehmet; Batmaz, Ibrahim; Tahtasiz, Mehmet; Nas, Kemal; Cevik, Remzi; Tekbas, Ebru; Yildiz, Ismail[Abstract Not Available]Öğe HLA-DRB1 Alleles Distribution in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in A Tertiary Center in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey(Galenos Yayincilik, 2013) Batmaz, Ibrahim; Sariyildiz, Mustafa Akif; Dilek, Banu; Yildiz, Ismail; Nas, Kemal; Ayyildiz, Orhan; Cevik, RemziObjective: The HLA-DRB1 alleles play an important role in the genetic predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The relationship between HLA-DRB1 and rheumatoid arthritis show differences according to various ethnic groups and geographical distributions. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of HLA-DRB1 among the Turkish RA patient population in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Materials and Methods: 96 patients diagnosed with RA and a control group consisting of 84 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. The HLA-DRB1 type and subtypes were specified using the polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) method. The between-group HLA-DRB1 type and certain subtype frequencies were compared. Results: The DRB1*10 alleles were found to be statistically significantly higher in patients with RA compared to the control group (p=0.001). However, the DRB1*07 and DRB1*11 alleles were statistically significantly lower in patients with RA (p<0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). In the RA patient group, the DRB1*0401, DRB1*0408 and DRB1*1001 subtypes were found to be statistically significantly higher (p=0.04, p=0.01, p=0.005, respectively), while the DRB1*0402, DRB1*0403 and DRB1*0701 subtypes were statistically significantly lower (p=0.01, p=0.02, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This study has revealed the HLA-DRB1 distribution in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. DRB1*10 type and DRB1*0401, DRB1*0408, DRB1*1001 subtypes were observed to be related with RA. DRB1*07, BRB1*11 types and DRB1 *0402, DRB1*0403, DRB1*0701 subtypes were accepted as protective alleles and subtypes.Öğe HLA-DRB1 EXPRESSION IN THE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS AMONG THE POPULATION IN THE SOUTHEAST ANATOLIAN REGION OF TURKEY(Oxford Univ Press, 2012) Batmaz, Ibrahim; Sariyildiz, MehmetAkif; Dilek, Banu; Yildiz, Ismail; Ayyildiz, Orhan; Nas, Kemal; Cevik, Remzi[Abstract Not Available]
