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    EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF DEXAMETHASONE PLUS FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE ON SURVIVAL RATE IN LETHAL ENDOTOXEMIA
    (De Gruyter Poland Sp Zoo, 2009) Er, A.; Uney, K.; Altan, F.; Cetin, G.; Yazar, E.; Elmas, M.
    Effects of different doses of dexamethasone plus flunixin meglumine on survival rate were investigated in lethal endotoxemia. A total of 60 Balb/C female mice were divided into 4 equal groups. Lethal endotoxemia (80-100%) was induced by lipopolysaccharide injection (Group 1, 1 mg, intraperinoneally). At 4 hours after the lipopolysaccharide injection; low-dose dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously), normal-dose dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously) and high-dose dexamethasone (10 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously) were injected to Group 2, 3 and 4, respectively. After the injections, survival was monitored at 7 days and 13.3%, 13.3%, 33.3% and 73.3% survival rates were observed in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. As results, high-dose dexamethasone plus flunixin meglumine may be the treatment of choice for endotoxaemia in animals.
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    Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) after single intravenous and intramuscular injections
    (Wiley, 2018) Uney, K.; Altan, F.; Cetin, G.; Aboubakr, M.; Dik, B.; Sayin, Z.; Er, A.
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (CFQ) following single intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injections of 2mg/kg body weight in red-eared slider turtles. Plasma concentrations of CFQ were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed using noncompartmental methods. The pharmacokinetic parameters following IV injection were as follows: elimination half-life (t(1/2z)) 21.73 +/- 4.95hr, volume of distribution at steady-state (V-dss) 0.37 +/- 0.11L/kg, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-)) 163 +/- 32ghr(-1)ml(-1), and total body clearance (Cl-T) 12.66 +/- 2.51 mlhr(-1)kg(-1). The pharmacokinetic parameters after IM injection were as follows: peak plasma concentration (C-max) 3.94 +/- 0.84g/ml, time to peak concentration (T-max) 3hr, t(1/2z) 26.90 +/- 4.33hr, and AUC(0-) 145 +/- 48ghr(-1)ml(-1). The bioavailability after IM injection was 88%. Data suggest that CFQ has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile with a long half-life and a high bioavailability in red-eared slider turtles. Further studies are needed to establish a multiple dosage regimen and evaluate clinical efficacy.