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    Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a screening test in prostate cancer
    (Aves, 2017) Muslu, Necati; Ercan, Bahadir; Akbayir, Serin; Balci, Senay; Ovla, H. Didem; Bozlu, Murat
    Objective: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) with digital rectal examination is used for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), where definite diagnosis can only be made by prostate biopsy. Recently neutrophilgelatinaseassociated lipocalin ( NGAL), a lipocalin family member glycoprotein, come into prominence as a cancer biomarker. This study is aimed to test serum NGAL as a diagnostic biomarker for PCa and discriminate PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Material and methods: In this prospective study, 90 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound- guided 12-core prostate biopsy between May 2015 and September 2015, were evaluated. Histopathologically diagnosed 45 PCa and 45 BPH patients were enrolled in this study. Serum NGAL and PSA levels of all participants were measured, then these data were evaluated by statistical programs. Results: When sensitivity fixed to 80% specificity of NGAL was better than PSA (49%, 31% respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that NGAL alone or its combined use with PSA have better area under curve (AUC) results than PSA alone (0.662, 0.693, and 0.623 respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion NGAL gave promising results such as increased sensitivity and a better AUC values in order to distinguish PCa from BPH. NGAL showed a potential to be a non-invasive biomarker which may decrease the number of unnecessary biopsies.
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    Reliability of frozen section examination of external iliac, hypogastric, and obturator lymph nodes during radial cystectomy
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2007) Adsan, Oztug; Baltaci, Sumer; Cal, Cag; Buyukalpelli, Recep; Ugurlu, Ogurlu; Bozlu, Murat; Turkolmez, Kadir
    OBJECTIVES To evaluate the accuracy of frozen section examination (FSE) for detecting lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy and pelvic LN dissection. To our knowledge, the accuracy of FSE to identify LN metastases in patients with bladder cancer is still undetermined. METHODS The clinical data of 360 patients who had undergone radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for bladder cancer in six urologic institutions were retrospectively analyzed. The nodal regions included were the external iliac, hypogastric, and obturator LNs. The FSE results of the right and left LN regions were compared with the final histopathologic results of the respective LN regions. RESULTS The final pathologic examination revealed nodal metastases in 65 patients (18.1%). Of the 720 right and left LN regions in 360 patients, 88 (12.2%) were metastatic at the final pathologic examination. Although the FSE findings were negative, the final pathologic examination revealed LN metastases in 26 patients and in 29 pelvic LN regions. All LN. regions with positive FSE findings were positive at the final pathologic examination. When we considered the 720 LN regions, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for FSE were 67%, 100%, 100%, and 95.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Until innovations in imaging methods improve nodal staging in patients with bladder cancer, performing FSE of the external iliac, hypogastric, and obturator LNs seems to be a reliable procedure for the evaluation of the LNs. The information obtained with FSE of the LNs can be used to determine intraoperatively the extent of LN dissection. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc.