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    HPLC-MS/MS Profile, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Lawsonia inermis Seed Fractions
    (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, 2024) Moutawalli, Amina; Benkhouili, Fatima Zahra; El-Guourrami, Otman; El-Otmani, Najlae; El Ouazzani, Fadoua; Zengin, Gokhan; Cakir, Oguz
    Pain and inflammation are common symptoms present in many medical conditions, typically managed with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications. However, these medications, whether targeting peripheral or central pathways, are often associated with adverse side effects. This study aimed to identify the constituents of Lawsonia inermis seed fractions, and evaluate the analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of these fractions. Chemical constituents of the fractions were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The analgesic properties were evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests, while anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice. A total of 29 compounds were identified, with the ethanol fraction exhibiting the highest concentration of the constituents, amounting to 93.89 mg/g fraction. Major compounds detected in the ethanol fraction included gallic acid, catechin, tannic acid, vanillin, epicatechin gallate, isoquercitrin, and ellagic acid. The study revealed that the ethanol fraction demonstrated a notable peripheral analgesic effect, achieving 34.75% inhibition at a dose of 250 mg/kg in mice, while the aqueous fraction showed substantial central analgesic activity in rats at 500 mg/kg throughout the experimental period. Additionally, at a dose of 400 mg/kg, the ethanol fraction resulted in a 74.05% inhibition of inflammation in mice, outperforming indomethacin, which achieved a 58.09% inhibition at 10 mg/kg after 4 h. These findings present novel evidence that the fractions of L. inermis seed exhibit significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, supporting the traditional medicinal use of this plant for the management of conditions involving pain and inflammation. © 2024 Moutawalli et al. © 2024 the authors.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Phytochemical composition and toxicity assessment of Ammi majus L.
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) El-Guourrami, Otman; Salhi, Najoua; Benkhouili, Fatima Zahra; Zengin, Gökhan; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Ameggouz, Mouna
    Objective: To assess the acute and subacute toxicity as well as the phytochemical composition of two extracts and three fractions of Ammi majus L. Methods: The aqueous extracts were prepared separately by maceration for 48 h and by infusion for 1 h, while the fractions were prepared by the Soxhlet extractor, successively employing cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The acute toxicity study was carried out in accordance with the OECD N°423 guideline at a single dose (2000 mg/kg) in mice for 14 days. The subacute toxicity study was performed by a daily oral administration of 250 mg/kg for 10 days and 100 mg/kg doses for 28 days. Phytochemical screening was performed using staining and precipitation reactions, while the chemical characterization of some analytes was detected by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Results: In the acute toxicity study, no signs of toxicity such as convulsion, salivation, diarrhea, sleep and coma were observed during 30 minutes and 14 days, so the lethal dose was higher than 2000 mg/kg for each extract and fraction. The subacute toxicity results showed that at a dose of 250 mg/kg, 61.10% of the animals died and the rest developed morbidity. On the other hand, at a dose of 100 mg/kg, all the animals were still alive after 28 days, with no morbidity and the biochemical parameters were normal with no abnormalities in the liver, kidneys and pancreas. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and free quinones and the absence of alkaloids and anthocyanins. Conclusions: The extracts and fractions of Ammi majus L. are not toxic in the short and long term with a varied chemical composition. Toxicological tests on animals other than rodents and in the long term (more than 28 days) are needed to further confirm the safety of Ammi majus extracts.