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    Biological assays, electrochemical behavior, and theoretical DFT calculations of Ru(II) complexes of chiral phosphinite based based on ?-amino alcohols: Transfer hyrogenation of ketones using a HCOOH/Et3N mixture
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Khadichakhan, Rafikova; Meriç, Nermin; Binbay, Nil Ertekin; Okumuş, Veysi; Sever, M. Şerif; Belyankova, Yelizaveta; Aydemir, Murat
    Synthesis of two phosphinite ligands based on β-amino alcohols, in high yields has been demonstrated. When we treated [Ru(arene)(μ-Cl)Cl]2 {arene:p-cymene,benzene} with chelating phosphinite ligands, we obtained neutral Ru(II)-complexes possessing the general formula [Ru(arene)phosphiniteCl2]. The structure of the ligands and complexes was confirmed using analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The quantum chemical calculations were carried out for the ruthenium complexes at the DFT/CAM-B3LYP level of theory in gas phase. The phosphinite complexes were subjected to cyclic voltammetry studies in order to determine the energies of HOMO and LUMO levels and to estimate their electrochemical and some electronic properties. Organic complex-based memory substrates were immobilized using TiO2-modified ITO electrodes, and the memory functions of phosphinite-based organic complexes were verified by chronoamperometry (CA) and open-circuit potential amperometry (OCPA). In the present study, the antioxidant potentials of ruthenium-based p-cymene and benzene complexes through DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating, and reducing power activities were also determined. In addition, DNA binding abilities and antimicrobial activities of these complexes against pathogenic bacteria were studied. Finally, the ruthenium complex, (2S)-1-{[(2S)-2-[(diphenylphosphanyl)oxy]propyl][(1R)-1-phenylethyl]amino}propan-2-yldiphenyl phosphinitobis[dichloro(η6-benzene)ruthenium(II)] also catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone with high conversion (up to 99%) and good enantioselectivity (ee up to 89 %), in the existence of formic acid and triethylamine in dichloromethane medium under air atmosphere.
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    Increasing Sugar Content in Source for Biofuel Production Using Agrochemical and Genetic Approaches at the Stages of BioMass Preharvesting and Harvesting
    (Mdpi, 2022) Zolotareva, Darya; Zazybin, Alexey; Belyankova, Yelizaveta; Dauletbakov, Anuar; Tursynbek, Saniya; Rafikova, Khadichahan; Ten, Assel
    In order to optimize biofuel (including bioethanol) production processes, various problems need to be solved, such as increasing the sugar content of raw materials/biomass to gain a higher yield of the product. This task can be solved in several ways, with their own advantages and disadvantages, and an integrated approach, such as using a combination of ripening agents and phytohormones or application of a superabsorbent polymer with at least one sugar-enhancing agent, can be applied as well. Here, we reviewed several methods, including pre- and postharvest factors (light, temperature, partial replacement of potassium with magnesium, etc.), genetic modifications (traditional breeding, phytohormones, etc.), chemical ripening methods (Ethephon, Moddus, etc.), and some alternative methods (DMSO treatment, ionic liquids, etc.). The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date summary of methods of increasing the carbohydrate level in plants/biomass for bioethanol production.
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    Synthesis of half-sandwich ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes containing imidazole-based phosphinite ligands and their use in catalytic transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone with isopropanol
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Işık, Uğur; Meriç, Nermin; Kayan, Cezmi; Kılıç, Ahmet; Belyankova, Yelizaveta; Zazybin, Alexey G.; Aydemir, Murat
    Two ionic liquids (3-(3‑chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-1-vinyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride and 3-(3‑chloro-2- hydroxypropyl)-1‑butyl‑1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride) were prepared from commercially available, inexpensive 1-vinyl imidazole or 1‑butyl imidazole, respectively, in ethanol at room temperature. Then, these ionic liquids were treated with PPh2Cl to obtain ionic liquid-based phosphinite ligands and the reaction of these phosphinites with [Ru(η6 -benzene)(μ-Cl)Cl]2, [Ru(η6− p-cymene)(μ-Cl)Cl]2, or [Ir(η5 -C5Me5)(μ-Cl)Cl]2 gave the corresponding ruthenium and iridium complexes. Structures of the synthesized compounds were clarified by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as microanalysis. Furthermore, the complexes were applied as catalysts in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone derivatives to afford the corresponding alcohols with high conversions. Notably, [Ru(Ph2PO–C8H11N2Cl2)(η6 -benzene)Cl2] acts as a good catalyst, giving the corresponding alcohols in 97–98% yields in 15 min at 82 ◦C (TOF ≤ 400 h− 1 ) for the transfer hydrogenation reaction in comparison to analogous complexes. The catalysts are also useful for a variety of related ketone substrates with various electronic and steric regulating groups.
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    Ultrasound- and microwave-promoted synthesis, growth-regulating activity and antimicrobial behavior of trimecaine-based Ionic compounds
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2022) Dauletbakov, Anuar; Zazybin, Alexey; Yu, Valentina; Belyankova, Yelizaveta; Ten, Assel; Rafikova, Khadichakhan; Zolotareva, Darya; Aydemir, Murat
    The present work describes the synthesis, growth-regulating activity, and antimicrobial behavior of ionic compounds based on 2-diethylamino-N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)acetamide (trimecaine). Synthesis of ionic compounds was performed via N-alkylation of trimecaine with alkyl halides using microwave and ultrasound activation and the results were compared with those of classical conditions (thermal activation). The synthesized ionic compounds have been tested for germination energy and capacity with the collection of different varieties and hybrids of sweet sorghum seeds. The valuable results were obtained for the seeds stored for several years for which the significant drop in germination activity is usually observed. Furthermore, the ionic compounds were used to study their biological activity - growth -regulating activity on sweet sorghum seeds and the antimicrobial behavior against E. coli, S. typhimurium, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans microorganisms.
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    Well designed iridium-phosphinite complexes: Biological assays, electrochemical behavior and density functional theory calculations
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Khadichakhan Rafikova; Meriç, Nermin; Binbay, Nil Ertekin; Okumuş, Veysi; Erdem, Kemal; Belyankova, Yelizaveta; Güzel, Remziye
    Mononuclear phosphinite Iridium complexes based on ferrocene group have been prepared and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The complexes were subjected to cyclic voltammetry studies in order to determine the energies of HOMO and LUMO levels and to estimate their electrochemical and some electronic properties. Organic complex-based memory substrates were immobilized using TiO2-modified ITO electrodes, and the memory functions of phosphinite-based organic complexes were verified by chronoamperometry (CA) and open-circuit potential amperometry (OCPA). Extensive theoretical and experimental investigations were directed to gain a more profound understanding of the chemical descriptors and the diverse electronic transitions taking place within the iridium complexes, as well as their electrochemical characteristics. The quantum chemical calculations were carried out for the iridium complexes at the DFT/CAM-B3LYP level of theory in the gas phase. Furthermore, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, DNA binding, and DNA cleavage activities of the complexes were tested. Complex 2 exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity (67.5 ± 2.24 %) at 200.0 mg/L concentration. It was observed that the complexes formed an inhibition zone in the range of 8–15 mm against Gram + bacteria and in the range of 0–13 mm against Gram – bacteria. The agarose gel electrophoresis method was used to determine the DNA binding and DNA cleavage activities of the complexes. All of the tested complexes had DNA binding activity; however, complexes 1, 2, and 8 showed better binding activity than the others.