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Öğe EFFECT OF TIMING OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION RELATIVE TO SPONTANEOUS ESTRUS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND CALF GENDER RATIO IN REPEAT BREEDER HOLSTEIN COWS(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2016) Bayril, T.; Yilmaz, O.; Cak, B.This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the interval between the onset of spontaneous estrus and artificial insemination (AI) on reproductive performance and calf sex ratio in repeat breeder Holstein cows. Two hundred eighty lactating Holstein cows were used in this study. The animals were artificially inseminated at different times (0-6, 7-12, 13-18, or 19-24 h) after the onset of spontaneous estrus. Reproductive performance did not differ between cows inseminated at 0-6 h (n = 70), 7-12 h (n = 70), 13-18 h (n = 70), or 19-24 h (n = 70) after the onset of estrus [pregnancy rate: 0-6 h, 57.1%; 7-12 h, 65.7%; 13-18 h, 54.3%; and19-24 h, 62.9%; embryonic mortality rate: 0-6 h, 8.5%; 7-12 h, 5.7%; 13-18 h, 5.7%; and19-24 h, 7.1%; calving rate: 0-6 h, 48.6%; 7-12 h, 60%; 13-18 h, 48.6%; and19-24 h, 55.7%; twinning rate: 0-6 h, 2.9%; 7-12 h, 0%; 13-18 h, 5.7%; and 19-24 h 2.9%; and calf sex ratio (F/M): 0-6 h, 64/36%; 7-12 h, 48/52%; 13-18 h, 42/58%; and19-24 h, 46/54%; P>0.05]. In general, pregnancy rates of the groups inseminated at different postpartum times differed (P<0.01) and were higher in the group inseminated at >151 days postpartum. Pregnancy rates were similar in groups inseminated in the second and third parities, but were lower in the group inseminated in the fourth parity. In conclusion, rates of pregnancy, embryonic mortality, calving, and twinning of repeat breeder Holstein cows did not differ between cows subjected to AI at different times after the onset of spontaneous estrus. The timing of AI in repeat breeder cows did not influence the calf sex ratio. Pregnancy rate of repeat breeder cows was influenced by postpartum time and parity number.Öğe Effects of dietary supplementation of zeolite on performance, egg quality characteristics, and some blood parameters in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnixjaponica)(Eugen Ulmer Gmbh Co, 2023) Bayril, T.; Eroglu, M.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of zeolite-supplemented diets at different levels (2% and 4%) on performance, internal and external egg quality characteristics, and blood parameters in quails. A total of 90 sixty-day-old female Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were used. All birds were fed with a soybean-maize basal diet for 90 days. The experimental groups consisted of the control group (without zeolite supplement), group Z2 (with 2% zeolite supplement), and group Z4 (with 4% zeolite supplement). There were no significant differences between the groups in feed consumption, egg production and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05), except for egg yield (P < 0.01). In the third month of zeolite supplementation, eggshell weights in groups C, Z2 and Z4 were determined to be 0.96, 1.05 and 1.03 g, respectively. Eggshell thickness was different between groups on day 60 (P < 0.01). Yolk height was significantly different in the first and second month (P < 0.01), while differences in yolk diameter were significant only in the third month of investigation (P < 0.05). The effects of different levels of zeolite added to the diets on serum Ca (P < 0.01), P and Mg (P < 0.05) levels were significantly different among the groups. According to these results, zeolite supplementation of quails diet positively affects egg production and shell weight, which is essential for sustainable and profitable breeding. It was also observed that zeolite increased serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. However, no significant effect was observed on other external and internal egg quality traits.Öğe Effects of lamb sex, parity, and birth type on milk yield, lactation length, and milk components in Zom ewes raised under semi-intensive conditions(South African Journal Of Animal Sciences, 2023) Bayril, T.; Akdemir, F.; Baran, M. S.; Orhan, C.; Yildirim, I. H.; Yildiz, A. S.; Celik, R.This study aimed to determine the effects of parity, birth type, and lamb sex on milk yield, lactation length, milking period, and milk components in Zom ewes. In this study, which included 83 Zom ewes, it was observed that birth type affected daily and lactation milk yield, and only parity affected lactation length. The effects of the milking period on milk yield and birth type on milk fat content were marked. The effect of lamb sex on protein, solid non-fat, and lactose contents was substantial, but that of parity and birth type were not statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between lamb sex and solid non-fat, protein, lactose, and density and between fat, protein, and lactose. There was a positive correlation between the fat and solid non-fat content, freezing point, and mineral content. In conclusion, the effect of milking period was statistically significant for milk yield and components. Additionally, the effects of lamb sex on solid non-fat, protein, and lactose contents were found to be substantial.Öğe Expression profile of interferon tau-stimulated genes in ovine peripheral blood leukocytes during embryonic death(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Kose, M.; Kaya, M. S.; Aydilek, N.; Kucukaslan, I.; Bayril, T.; Bademkiran, S.; Kiyma, Z.Early and efficient detection of embryonic death (ED) has a valuable impact as important as early pregnancy diagnosis in ruminants. Among early pregnancy diagnosis methods, detection of the expression of interferon tau stimulated genes (ISGs) in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) is well documented in cows and ewes. Therefore, we hypothesized that the expression profile of ISGs in PBLs might also be useful for detecting ED in these animals. For this purpose, pregnant ewes were used as an experimental model. Pregnancy was detected on Day 18 after mating by transrectal ultrasonography. Pregnant ewes were divided into a control group (sham injection on Day 18, n = 10) and ED group (treated with 75 mu g synthetic PGF(2 alpha) on Day 18, n = 12). PBLs and plasma were collected on Days 0 (mating day), 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, and 25 by jugular venipuncture. Total RNA was isolated from PBLs. ISGs expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction in triplicate. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure progesterone (P-4) levels in plasma. In the ED group, the P-4 level declined to less than 1 ng/mL on Day 19 and remained at a low level until the end of the study. Compared with that on Day 0, receptor transporter protein 4 (RTP4) and ISG15 expression was upregulated on Day 15 and remained high until Day 21 in both groups, and RTP4 and ISG15 mRNA levels were attenuated on Days 23 and 25 only in the ED group (P < 0.001). Myxovirus resistance 1 expression was upregulated on Day 15 and remained high until Day 23 in both groups, but was attenuated on Day 25 in the ED group (P < 0.05). The B2-microglobulin mRNA level did not change significantly during the study in either group. These results indicate that the decline in P-4 concentration was an immediate response to PGF(2 alpha) and that the embryo may have survived longer than the CL on the basis of the extended period of ISGs expression. This suggests that the absence of P-4 could be the reason for ED rather than a direct effect of PGF(2 alpha). In conclusion, the expression of ISGs, including ISG15, RTP4, and myxovirus resistance 1, but not B2-microglobulin, in PBLs may serve as a marker of ED. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Expression profile of receptor transporter protein 4 (Rtp4) mRNA in ovine peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) during early embryonic death (EED)(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Kose, M.; Kaya, M. S.; Aydilek, N.; Kucukaslan, I.; Bayril, T.; Bademkiran, S.; Kiyma, Z.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Expression profiles of Interferon-tau Stimulated Genes in milk cells in pregnant dairy cows(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Kose, M.; Gorgulu, M.; Kaya, M.; Aydilek, N.; Bozkaya, F.; Bayril, T.; Kurar, E.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The Technical and Financial Effects of Parenteral Supplementation with Selenium and Vitamin E during Late Pregnancy and the Early Lactation Period on the Productivity of Dairy Cattle(Asian-Australasian Assoc Animal Production Soc, 2015) Bayril, T.; Yildiz, A. S.; Akdemir, F.; Yalcin, C.; Kose, M.; Yilmaz, O.This study aimed to determine the effects of parenteral selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation on economic impact, milk yield, and some reproductive parameters in high-yield dairy cows in the dry period and in those at the beginning of lactation. At the beginning of the dry period, cows (n = 323) were randomly divided into three groups as follows: Treatment 1 (T1), Treatment 2 (T2), and Control (C). Cows in group T1 received this preparation 21 days before calving and on calving day, and cows in group T2 received it only on calving day. The cows in the control group did not receive this preparation. Supplementation with Se increased Se serum levels of cows treated at calving day (p<0.05). Differences in milk yield at all weeks and the electrical conductivity values at the 8th and 12th weeks were significant (p<0.05). Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E decreased the incidence of metritis, the number of services per conception and the service period, but had no effects on the incidence of retained fetal membrane. A partial budgeting analysis indicated that Se supplementation was economically profitable; cows in group T1 averaged 240.6$ per cow, those in group T2 averaged 224.6$ per cow. Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E has been found to increase serum Se levels, milk yield, and has positive effects on udder health by decreasing milk conductivity values and incidence of sub-clinical mastitis.
