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Öğe Bond Strength Comparison of Two Self-Ligating Brackets with A Conventional Bracket(Aves, 2009) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, TorunThe aim of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of two self ligating brackets with a conventional bracket which have different base designs. Ninety extracted premolar teeth for orthodontic reasons without cracks or caries were used in the study. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups. In group 1 conventional brackets (Synergy, Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colorado, USA), were used whereas in group 2 and 3 self ligating brackets [(Smart Clip, 3M Unitek Monrovia, California, USA) and (Time 2, American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wisconsin, USA)] were used respectively. The determined mean shear bond strengths for Synergy, Smart Clip and Time 2 brackets were 18.2 +/- 4.4, 18.7 +/- 4.6 and 17.7 +/- 5.1 MPa, respectively. Generally more adhesive was left on the tooth surface as demonstrated by ARI scores of three. All of the three groups with different base designs, one conventional bracket and two self-ligating brackets, demonstrated clinically acceptable mean shear bond strengths in vitro. Most of the fractures were within resin-bracket interface.Öğe Comparison of Forsus FRD EZ and Andresen activator in the treatment of class II, division 1 malocclusions(Springer Heidelberg, 2015) Bilgic, Fundagul; Basaran, Guvenc; Hamamci, OrhanPurpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Forsus Fatigue-Resistant Device (FRD) EZ and Andresen activator in terms of skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes in actively growing patients presenting with class II, division 1 malocclusion. Study sample included 60 subjects. Inclusion criteria were as follows: class II division 1 malocclusion, retrognathic mandible, normal or low-angle growth pattern, and peak growth period. The first study group consisted of 20 patients who were treated with Forsus appliance, and the second group of 20 patients received treatment with Andresen activator. Control group received no treatment. Our results revealed that both appliances enhanced mandibular growth, helped increase the length of the mandible, and had a restraining growth effect on the maxilla. Anterior face height increased in both of treatment groups, whereas posterior face height had a significant increase in the activator group only. More mandibular incisors protrusion and intrusion were seen with the Forsus appliance. Moreover, occlusal plane and palatal plane rotated significantly in clockwise direction as a result of dentoalveolar changes only in the Forsus group. As well as the Forsus appliances corrected class II discrepancies mostly through dentoalveolar changes as compared to the activator group, both appliances proved effective in the treatment of growing individuals having class II malocclusions with mandibular retrognathia. By this investigation, two treatment methods, which are currently used in clinical practice, will be evaluated, and the results will be useful for clinicians.Öğe Comparison of the effects of fixed and removable functional appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures(Sciendo, 2011) Bilgic, Fundaguel; Hamamci, Orhan; Basaran, GuvencObjective: To compare and analyse the effects of activator and Forsus FRD EZ appliances in the treatment of skeletal Class II division I malocclusion.Methods: Lateral cephalograms and hand-wrist radiographs were collected from 24 Class II division I growing patients (14 females, 10 males). The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups and either treated with an activator appliance (Mean age 12.67 & PLUSMN; 1.24 years) or with a Forsus FRD EZ appliance (Mean age 12.31 & PLUSMN; 1.09 years). Pretreatment and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were obtained, traced, superimposed and data analysed using paired t-tests and the Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: The results demonstrated that the Forsus FRD EZ effectively corrected the Class II malocclusion, but the changes were mainly dentoalveolar. The Forsus FRD EZ appliance induced a clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane without significant alteration in the vertical facial dimension. Skeletally, maxillary growth was restricted and pogonion moved forward which improved the profile.Conclusion: The Forsus FRD EZ appliance may be an effective dentoalveolar treatment method to manage a skeletal imbalance and improve the profile in growing patients.Öğe Comparison of the effects of fixed and removable functional appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures(Australian Soc Orthodontists Inc, 2011) Bilgic, Fundagul; Hamamci, Orhan; Basaran, GuvencObjective: To compare and analyse the effects of activator and Forsus FRD EZ appliances in the treatment of skeletal Class II division I malocclusion. Methods: Lateral cephalograms and hand-wrist radiographs were collected from 24 Class II division I growing patients (14 females, 10 males). The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups and either treated with an activator appliance (Mean age 12.67 +/- 1.24 years) or with a Forsus FRD EZ appliance (Mean age 12.31 +/- 1.09 years). Pretreatment and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were obtained, traced, superimposed and data analysed using paired t-tests and the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The results demonstrated that the Forsus FRD EZ effectively corrected the Class II malocclusion, but the changes were mainly dentoalveolar. The Forsus FRD EZ appliance induced a clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane without significant alteration in the vertical facial dimension. Skeletally, maxillary growth was restricted and pogonion moved forward which improved the profile. Conclusion: The Forsus FRD EZ appliance may be an effective dentoalveolar treatment method to manage a skeletal imbalance and improve the profile in growing patients. (Aust Orthod J 2011; 110-116)Öğe Dental Aesthetic Index scores and perception of personal dental appearance among Turkish university students(Oxford Univ Press, 2009) Hamamci, Nihal; Basaran, Guvenc; Uysal, ErsinThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Turkish university students' awareness of malocclusion, their satisfaction with their personal dental appearance, and the severity of their occlusal irregularities. The sample consisted of 841 randomly selected university students, 522 (62.1 per cent) males and 319 (37.9 per cent) females, aged 17-26 years (mean age, 21.91 +/- 1.92 years). A pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess the subjects' awareness of malocclusion and satisfaction with their personal dental appearance; the actual severity of malocclusion was determined using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square for gender differences and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients for awareness of malocclusion, satisfaction with personal dental appearance, and DAI scores. Analysis of variance and univariate analysis, with age and gender as the independent variables, were further used to analyse the data. Weak but statistically significant, negative, correlations were found between awareness of malocclusion and satisfaction at the following DAI scores: <= 25 (r = -0.264, P < 0.001), 26-30 (r = -0.381, P < 0.001), and >= 36 (r = -0.477, P < 0.001), and a statistically insignificant, negative correlation at a score of 31-35 (r = -0.102, P > 0.05). A statistically significant association was found between DAI and awareness of malocclusion (r = -0.305) and satisfaction with dental appearance (r = 0.234). There were no significant associations between the department in which the individuals studied and the investigated variables (P > 0.05). DAI scores were significantly higher for females. Generally, no statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores, awareness, or satisfaction (P > 0.05). The findings of this study showed that age had a significant effect on satisfaction and gender on DAI score variation. Females had a greater need for normative treatment except in the 20- to 22-year-olds, and satisfaction decreased with age.Öğe Effect of Different Power Outputs and Beam Angulations on Bond Strength of Laser Etched Enamel(Aves Press Ltd, 2009) Basaran, Guvenc; Devecioglu Kama, Jalan; Ozer, TorunThe aim of the study was to test the shear bond strength and surface characteristics when applying laser beam at different angulations with different power outputs to the enamel surface In the research 90 extracted human premolar teeth were used. Teeth were etched with Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnett (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser at three different power outputs(1,1.25 and 1.5 Watt, 140 nm, 20 Hz) and two different beam angulations(45 and 900). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in shear bond strengths and adhesive remnant indexes. Laser beam angulation, at these power outputs, does not make sense. All of the other power outputs, except 1 Watt at 900 produced similar etching patterns at both laser beam angulations. It is not extremely important to use the handpiece of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at different angles to the enamel to etch for orthodontic purposes.Öğe Etching enamel for orthodontics with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser system(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2007) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Berk, Nukhet; Hamamci, OrhanObjective: To test the shear bond strength, surface characteristics, and fracture mode of brackets that are bonded to enamel etched with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser operated at different power outputs: 0.5 W, 1 W, and 2 W. Materials and Methods: Human premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic purposes were used. Enamel was etched with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser system operated at one of three power outputs or with orthophosphoric acid. Results: The shear bond strength associated with the 0.5-W laser irradiation was significantly less than the strengths obtained with the other irradiations. Both the 1-W and 2-W laser irradiations were capable of etching enamel in the same manner. This finding was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy examination. The evaluation of adhesive-remnant-index scores demonstrated no statistically significant difference in bond failure site among the groups, except for the 0.5-W laser-etched group. Generally, more adhesive was left on the enamel surface with laser irradiation than with acid etching. Conclusion: The mean shear bond strength and enamel surface etching obtained with an Er,Cr: YSGG laser (operated at 1 W or 2 W for 15 seconds) is comparable to that obtained with acid etching.Öğe Impact of Buccal Corridors on Smile Esthetics(Aves, 2011) Basaran, Guvenc; Veli, Ilknur; Genc, Celal; Gunduz-Arslan, SeherAim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of buccal corridors on smile esthetics. Subjects and Methods: For this purpose, 10 individuals with following criteria were included to this study; to have an esthetic smile arc, no excessive gingival exposure, ages between 18 and 30 years and equal distribution of the sexes. These criteria and only the perioral photographs were used to limit the scope of the variables and to decrease the dilution of the results. A photo editing software was used to produce 5 varying sizes of buccal corridors and the pictures were classified as Narrow smile, Medium-narrow smile, Medium smile, Medium-broad smile and Broad smile. Altered five smile images of the individuals were showed to the panels consisted of orthodontists, prosthodontists, general dentists, lay people and drawing artists each numbered 10 juries. They were asked to rate that five images from 1 to 5. ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to make a statistical analysis. Results: All of the panels evaluated the smile images in the same manner. The broader the smile it is the more attractive. The most attractive smile was the broad smile and the least attractive was the narrow smile. All panel groups evaluated the smile images in the same manner and there were not statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that; to gain an esthetic smile after orthodontic treatment, clinician must avoid causing broad buccal corridors.Öğe Influence of different power outputs of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser and acid etching on shear bond strengths of a dual-cure resin cement to enamel(Springer London Ltd, 2011) Basaran, Emine Goncu; Ayna, Emrah; Basaran, Guvenc; Beydemir, KoksalThe purpose of the study was to determine if the irradiation of enamel with laser of different output powers might be viable alternatives to acid etching for the bonding of resin luting agents. Seventy-seven maxillary central incisors, extracted for periodontal reasons, were used. The enamel was etched with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser operated at one of six power outputs (0.5 W, 0.75 W, 1 W, 1.5 W, 1.75 W and 2 W) or with 38% phosphoric acid. Seventy teeth were used for the bond strength experiments, and the remaining seven (one specimen for each group) were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the topography and morphology of the treated enamel surface. The acid-etched group yielded the highest mean of shear bond strength (13.5 +/- 2.8 MPa). The means of the shear bond strength for the teeth irradiated at 0.5 W, 0.75 W, 1 W, 1.5 W , 1.75 W and 2 W laser were 3.28 +/- 2.4 MPa, 5.44 +/- 3.4 MPa, 8.8 +/- 4.5 MPa, 10.2 +/- 4.0 MPa, 11.4 +/- 4.8 MPa and 11.9 +/- 4.3 MPa, respectively. Laser irradiation at 1.5 W, 1.75 W and 2 W produced a type III acid-etched pattern similar to that produced by acid etching. No significant enamel surface etching was obtained by 0.5 W or 0.75 W laser irradiation. Irradiation at 0.5 W and 0.75 W produced a type V acid-etched pattern. We concluded that the mean shear bond strength and enamel surface etching obtained with Er,Cr:YSGG laser (operated at 1.5 W and 1.75 W for 15 s) is comparable to that obtained with acid etching.Öğe Interleukine-1? and tumor necrosis factor-? levels in the human gingival sulcus during orthodontic treatment(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2006) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Kaya, Filiz Acun; Kaplan, Abdurrahman; Hamamci, OrhanObjective: To test whether interleukine 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels differ from each other in different treatment levels. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients, nine female and nine male (aged 16-19 years; mean 17.4 +/- 1.8 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Two months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline, at days 7 and 21 and at the 3rd and 6th month as the leveling of the teeth occurred. Records of the baseline scores for the distalization forces were taken at the 6th month. Days 7 and 21 after 6 months of treatment were also recorded. Results: There were increases in the volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in the concentrations of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. Conclusions: Leveling and distalization of the teeth evoke increases in both the IL-1 and TNF-alpha levels that can be detected in GCF.Öğe Interleukins 2, 6, and 8 levels in human gingival sulcus during orthodontic treatment(Mosby-Elsevier, 2006) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Kaya, Filiz Acun; Hamamci, OrhanIntroduction: The aims of this study were to determine levels of interleukins 2, 6, and 8 during tooth movement, and test whether they differ from each other with leveling and distalization forces used in various treatment stages of standard orthodontic therapy. Methods: Fifteen patients (9 female, 6 male; ages, 15-19 years; mean age, 16.7 +/- 2.3 years) participated in this study. Each underwent a session of professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Two months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline, at days 7 and 21, and as the teeth were leveled. Records of the baseline scores for the distalization forces were taken at the sixth month. Scores of days 7 and 21 after 6 months of the distalization treatment were also recorded. Results: Increases were seen in the volume of gingival crevicular fluid and the concentrations of interleukins 2, 6, and 8. Conclusions: Leveling and distalization of the teeth evoke increases in interleukins 2, 6, and 8 levels in the periodontal tissues that can be detected in gingival crevicular fluid.Öğe Relationship Between law Positions and Cranial Base Angle(Aves Press Ltd, 2006) Basaran, Guvenc; Ozer, Torun; Hamamci, OrhanCranial base flexure has long been of interest to orthodontists. This indicates that the cranial base flexure may or may not have an effect on the facial prognathism and classification of malocclusions. The present study evaluates the correlation of cranial base flexure and craniofacial pattern. The sample consisted of 150 individuals from 5 different malocclusion groups. Records were matched for age and sex as far as possible. ANOVA test was used to investigate intergroup variability. The group means were compared by independent t test. Intervariable correlations were also compiled. Cranial base angle does not appear to have an important role in determining malocclusion.Öğe Shear bond strength of bonding to enamel with different laser irradiation distances(Springer London Ltd, 2011) Basaran, Guvenc; Hamamci, Nihal; Akkurt, AtilimThe aim of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength of bonding to enamel following laser etching with the Er:YAG or Er,Cr:YSGG laser using different irradiation distances. Of 99 extracted human premolar teeth, 90 were divided equally into nine groups. In the control group (group A) the teeth were etched with 38% phosphoric acid. In the laser groups (groups B-I) the enamel surface of the teeth was laser-irradiated, groups B-E with the Er:YAG laser and groups F-I with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at distances of 1, 2, 4 and 6 mm, respectively. The shear bond strengths were tested using a universal testing machine. The shear bond strengths associated with the Er:YAG laser at 4 and 6 mm and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2, 4 and 6 mm were significantly less than the strengths obtained with the other irradiation distances (p < 0.001). The Er:YAG laser at 1 mm and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 1 mm etched enamel in the same manner (p > 0.05). This finding was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy examination. Irradiation distance did influence the strength of adhesion to enamel. The mean shear bond strengths and enamel surface etching obtained with the Er:YAG laser at 1 and 2 mm and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 1 mm were comparable to that obtained with acid etching.Öğe Treatment Objectives of a Patien with Severe Maxillary and Mandibular Crowding Mandibular Retrognathia and Maxillary Prognathia(Aves, 2012) Bilgic, Fundagul; Basaran, Guvenc; Meric, Pamir; Hamamci, OrhanThe purpose of this study was to evalute the sketetal, dental and soft tissue changes in patient with severe maxitlary and mandibutar crowding, mandibular retrognathta and four first premolar extraction and fixed functional treatment
