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    The Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Ellagic Acid on the Levels of Malondialdehyde, Reduced Glutathione and Nitric Oxide in the Lung, Liver and Kidney Tissues in Acute Diazinon Toxicity in Rats
    (Medwell Online, 2011) Alp, Harun; Aytekin, Ismail; Atakisi, Onur; Hatipoglu, Namik Kemal; Basarali, Kemal; Ogun, Metin; Buyukbas, Sadik
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and Ellagic Acid (EA) on acitivities of Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Nitric Oxide (NO) in rat lung, liver and kidney tissues in acute Diazinon (DI) toxicity. Six groups of 6 Sprague Dawley rats were used comprising control, CAPE, EA, DI control, DI+CAPE and DI+EA. Tissue samples were analysed for GSH, MDA and NO levels in lung, liver and kidney tissues. Biochemical parameters were measured colormetrically by spectrophotometer. Control, CAPE and EA groups showed no statistically significant difference whereas DI+medication groups revealed that CAPE and EA increased the level of GSH in liver tissue by blocking the DI effect. NO levels in lung, liver and kidney tissues were significantly increased by DI but CAPE and EA attenuated those levels. In DI+medication groups, MDA levels showed no significant change in kidney and liver tissues but in lung tissues, CAPE and EA reduced the MDA level by blocking the DI effect. It was concluded that CAPE and EA which showed similar effects to each other could be used for protection and support against oxidative stress caused by acute DI intoxication.
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    Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester, Ellagic Acid, Sulforaphane and Curcumin on Diazinon Induced Damage to the Lungs, Liver and Kidneys in An Acute Toxicity Rat Model
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Alp, Harun; Aytekin, Ismail; Esen, Hasan; Basarali, Kemal; Kul, Seval
    The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), ellagic acid (EA), sulforaphane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR) against the toxic effects of diazinon (DI). Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 10 groups. Five groups were allocated as control groups comprising unmedicated control, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR control groups. The remaining five groups were the study groups comprising DI, DI + CAPE, DI + EA, DI + SFN, and DI + CUR groups. The animals were sacrified 24 h after drug administrations. DI caused a decrease in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity (P<0.05) and increases in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and amylase activities. It also damaged the kidney, liver, and lung tissues. The negative effects of DI on these enzymes were confirmed histopathologically. Also, CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR reduced amylase and GGT activities and caused an increase in the AChE activities that were increased due to the toxic effects of DI. Thus, it was determined biochemically and histopathologically that these medication reduced the degenerative toxic effects created by DI in the lung, liver and kidney tissues. These findings led us to believe that CAPE, EA, SFN and CUR may be used as protective medicines in acute DI intoxication.
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    Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2012) Belviranli, Muaz; Gokbel, Hakki; Okudan, Nilsel; Basarali, Kemal
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on exercise performance and oxidative stress in acutely and chronically exercised rats. A total of sixty-four male rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into six groups: control, chronic exercise control, acute exercise control (AEC), GSE-supplemented control, GSE-supplemented chronic exercise and GSE-supplemented acute exercise groups. Chronic exercise consisted of treadmill running at 25 m/min, 45 min/d, 5 d a week for 6 weeks. Rats in the acute exercise groups were run on the treadmill at 30 m/min until exhaustion. GSE were given at 100 mg/kg of body weight with drinking water for 6 weeks. Plasma was separated from blood samples for the analysis of oxidative stress markers. There was no significant difference in time of exhaustion between the acute exercise groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in the acute exercise groups and lower in the chronic exercise groups. GSE supplementation decreased MDA levels. Xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase activities were higher in the AEC group compared to all the other groups. NO levels were increased with both chronic exercise and GSE supplementation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were lower in the acute exercised groups and higher in the chronic exercised groups. GSE supplementation caused an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, GSE supplementation prevents exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.
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    Serum resistin levels and metabolic changes in bipolar disorder
    (Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2012) Yumru, Mehmet; Gergerlioglu, H. Serdar; Savas, Haluk A.; Basarali, Kemal; Kalenderoglu, Aysun; Buyukbas, Sadik
    Aim: Metabolic changes in bipolar disorder appear to be among the cluster of disturbances that have insulin resistance as a common etiologic factor. Several recently discovered adipokines such as resistin and visfatin play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. In this study we aimed to evaluate the association between serum resistin levels and metabolic changes in bipolar disorder. Method: Sixty euthymic bipolar I disorder patients, of 29 on mood stabilizer (MS) (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine) treatment and of 31 on atypical antipsychotic (AA) (risperidone, quetiapine and olanzapine) treatment for at least 3 months, were enrolled. The control group consisted of 27 healthy members who have had similar distributions of age, sex, and BMI with the patients. Resistin, glucose, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured in all groups. Results: Resistin levels were found to be significantly high in bipolar patients than that in the controls. However, when metabolic parameters were considered resistin levels were not significantly different between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Despite serum resistin levels were high in bipolar patients, we did not find any association between metabolic disturbances and treatment modalities.