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    Comparison of histopathologic findings of initial and recurrent lumbar disc herniation
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ozevren, Huseyin; Cetin, Abdurrahman; Baloglu, Murat; Deveci, Engin
    ObjectiveRecurrent lumbar disc hernia (RLDH) is a common and challenging complication after an initial discectomy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the histopathologic outcomes of the initial and recurrent disc tissues.MethodsThis study investigated 70 patients who underwent a microdiscectomy and subsequently developed same-level same-side lumbar disc herniation (LDH) recurrence. The clinic, western blot, and immunohistochemical evaluations of patients with initial LDH and RLDH were conducted and statistically analyzed.ResultsThe effect of inflammation and apoptosis in the degenerative changes of intervertebral disc hernia and increased histopathologic findings in RLDH was demonstrated. The degeneration of the hernia disc tissue is a major pathological process, which is characterized by cellular apoptosis, inflammation, and reduced synthesis of extracellular matrix. Currently, there is no clinical therapy targeting the reversal of disc degeneration.ConclusionsThis, therefore, stay away from factors that increase inflammation in the intervention of intervertebral disc hernia, applying to reduce inflammation the medicines, could allow reducing disc collagen degeneration, and more successful outcomes. These findings might shed some new lights on the mechanism of disc degeneration and provide new strategies for the treatments of initial and recurrent LDH.
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    Evaluation of the association between biochemical and immunohistochemical score of caspase-9 and TNF?, and the grading of lumbar disc herniation
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Ozevren, Huseyin; Cetin, Abdurrahman; Baloglu, Murat; Deveci, Engin
    Objective The aim of our study is to investigate the influence of caspase-9 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in the grade of lumbar disc herniation. We determined the strength of different predictors such as age, gender, disc grading, caspase-9 and TNF alpha. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 84 patients who had discectomies. Histological and biochemical evaluations of disc specimens were performed. All patients were scanned by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner before the operation. Masson's trichrome stain, biochemical analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed to measure the expression levels of caspase-9 and TNF alpha. The results were evaluated statistically. Results This study included 84 patients (mean age: 41.59 +/- 12.21 years; range: 19-76): 60 men (age 40.47 +/- 12.63 years) and 24 women (44.42 +/- 10.81 years). No statistically significant age difference was found between the genders (p = 0.182). MRI scans showed 16 patients had protrusion, 44 had extrusion and 24 had sequestration of discs. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the grading of lumbar disc herniations and age (p < 0.001,r = -0.509). Histological and biochemical analyses of disc materials were done. Inflammation, collagen fibre deterioration, apoptotic process, TNF alpha and caspase-9 were seen to increase with increasing disc grading (p < 0.01). Conclusions Biochemical and immunohistochemical score of caspase-9 and TNF alpha indicate the grading of lumbar disc herniation. As the grading of disc herniation increases, inflammation of cells and collagen fibre disruption increase and accelerate the apoptotic process. Apoptosis in disc nucleus pulposus cells may reduce disc herniation.
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    Vimentin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-? Expression in Peripheral Nerves in Experimental Diabetic Neuropathy
    (Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2018) Baloglu, Murat; Cetin, Abdurrahman; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intermediate filaments and cytokines in peripheral nerve injury in experimentally induced diabetic rats. STUDY DESIGN: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus. At 2 days post-administration, the caloric intake from the tail vein was 250 mg/dL and the rats were considered to be diabetic. The diabetic and control groups were compared in terms of glucose values. Sciatic nerve specimens were taken for basic histology, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses. RESULTS: The blood glucose concentration in the diabetic rats was significantly increased (p <0.001). Histopathological examination of the diabetic group showed axonal degeneration with thinning in myelinated fibers, hypertrophy in Schwann cells, dilation in small blood vessels, and mononuclear cell infiltration in connective tissue areas. CONCLUSION: There was a deterioration in the myelination mechanism as a result of the influence of the intermediate filaments. The peripheral nerve caused the rapid development of axonal atrophy, resulting in the loss of nerve cells due to increased necrotic formation with cellular infiltration.